YOSH OLIMLAR
ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI
in-academy.uz/index.php/yo
14
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE LISTENING
Eshimova Kifoyat Qahramon qizi
Student of group 102-23
Teshaboyeva Nafisa Zubaydulla qizi
Scientific advisor
Jizzakh branch of the National University of Uzbekistan
Named after Mirzo Ulug’bek
The faculty of psychology, the department of Foreign languages:
Philology and teaching languages: English
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14263873
Annotation:
Listening is the most important component of effective communication
and it can be categorized into different types based on the level of engagement and
involvement: active and passive listening. This article delves to present an in-depth exploration
of each type, highlighting their distinct characteristics, benefits, and limitations. By
comprehending the nuances between active and passive listening, individuals can significantly
improve their communication abilities, leading to more profound connections and better
understanding. Active listening contain active engagement, empathetic response, and
deliberate effort to comprehend the speaker's message. On the other hand, passive listening
refers to the act of merely hearing without actively engaging or responding to them.
Keywords:
active listening, passive listening, barriers to active listening.
Passive and active listening are often distinguishable by the specific actions involved in
each type of listening. Effective listeners can use passive listening in some situations but are
more likely to use active listening in many scenarios where comprehension, recall and
engagement are important. In this article, we discuss the differences between passive and
active listening, discuss the benefits of active listening, and how to more effectively use active
listening. The main difference between active and passive listening is that active listening is
more effective than passive listening because individuals practicing active listening can
comprehend the speaker's words more easily and also show the speaker that they are paying
attention. Here is an explanation of each type of listening:
Active listening:
Active listening is being fully engaged while another person is talking to you. It is listening
with the intent to understand the other person fully, rather than listening to respond. This form
of listening conveys a mutual understanding between speaker and listener. Speakers receive
confirmation their point is coming across and listeners absorb more content and understanding
by being consciously engaged. The overall goal of active listening is to eliminate any
misunderstandings and establish clear communication of thoughts and ideas between the
speaker and listener. By actively listening to another person, a sense of belonging and mutual
understanding between the two individuals is created. The term "active listening" was
introduced in 1957 by Carl Rogers and Richard Farson. It may also be referred to as reflective
listening. Active listening is characterized by focused attention, engagement, and empathetic
response. It involves actively participating in the communication process, demonstrating
understanding, and providing feedback to the speaker.
Passive listening:
YOSH OLIMLAR
ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI
in-academy.uz/index.php/yo
15
Passive listening is when someone hears but does not fully process or respond to shared
information. This can be due to several factors, such as distractions, lack of interest, confusion,
or boredom, among others. Passive listeners are often disengaged from the conversation, and
they may not remember what was said. This type of listener might not even realize that they
aren’t actively engaged in the conversation. The main purpose of passive listening is to help
individuals become familiar with a new language in the most relaxed way as possible. A
common question that many learners ask is whether or not they should practice passive
listening. The answer is that you should engage in passive listening every day. However, do not
consider passive listening as the primary method to improve your listening skills. Instead, view
it as a supportive tool.
Barriers to active listening
There are many barriers that can prevent you from listening actively, such as distractions,
biases, emotions, or assumptions. Here are some tips to help you:
1.
Avoid distractions.
One of the main barriers to active listening is external or internal
distractions. External distractions are anything that can interfere with your sensory input, such
as noise, visual clutter, or interruptions. Internal distractions are anything that can divert your
mental focus, such as boredom, fatigue, or preoccupation. To avoid distractions, you need to
create a conducive environment for listening, such as turning off your phone, finding a quiet
place, or minimizing other sources of stimulation. You also need to be mindful of your own
thoughts and feelings, and try to clear your mind of irrelevant or negative thoughts that can
distract you from the speaker.
2.
Be open-minded.
Another barrier to active listening is your own biases, opinions, or
judgments. These can make you resistant, defensive, or dismissive of what the speaker is saying,
especially if you disagree with them or have different values or perspectives. To be open-
minded, you need to suspend your own agenda and assumptions, and try to understand the
speaker's point of view and intentions. You also need to respect their opinions and feelings,
even if you don't share them, and avoid interrupting, arguing, or criticizing them.
3.
Manage your emotions.
A third barrier to active listening is your own emotions or the
emotions of the speaker. Emotions can affect how you perceive and interpret what the speaker
is saying, and how you respond to them. They can also trigger emotional reactions, such as
anger, frustration, or anxiety, that can hinder your listening. To manage your emotions, you
need to be aware of them and how they influence your listening. You also need to regulate them
and avoid letting them overwhelm you or interfere with your communication. You can do this
by breathing deeply, relaxing your div, or taking a break if needed
4.
Ask questions.
A fourth barrier to active listening is a lack of clarity or understanding of
what the speaker is saying. This can happen if the speaker is unclear, vague, or uses unfamiliar
terms or concepts. It can also happen if you are confused, uncertain, or have gaps in your
knowledge. To ask questions, you need to be curious and attentive to what the speaker is saying,
and seek clarification or elaboration if you don't understand something. You also need to ask
open-ended questions that encourage the speaker to explain more, rather than closed-ended
questions that limit their response.
5.
Provide feedback.
A fifth barrier to active listening is a lack of feedback or
acknowledgement of what the speaker is saying. This can make the speaker feel ignored,
misunderstood, or unappreciated. It can also make you miss important information or cues that
YOSH OLIMLAR
ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI
in-academy.uz/index.php/yo
16
the speaker is giving. To provide feedback, you need to show interest and engagement in what
the speaker is saying, and confirm your understanding and empathy. You also need to use
verbal and non-verbal signals, such as nodding, smiling, or paraphrasing, that indicate that you
are listening and following the conversation.
Techniques for active listening
Active listening has several significant techniques such as
maintain eye contact
(looking
at the speaker shows you are focused and engaged),
listen attentively
(avoid interrupting and
let the speaker finish their opinion),
paraphrase
(retelling the key points to confirm your
understanding),
ask claryfing questions
(search to understand the speaker’s perspective and
intent).
Maintain eye contact
Maintain eye contact Maintaining eye contact is assential for effective communication. It
shows confidence, interest, and engagement. Here are a few tips for making eye contact:
1.
Practice: Start with a friend or in front of a mirror to get comfortable.
2.
3.Second Rulo: Hold eye contact for about throo seconde before briefly looking away.
3.
Look at Both Eyes: Shift your gaze between the person's left and right eye to create a sense
of connection.
4.
Use Body Language: Pair eye contact with open div language (e.g., facing someone,
smiling) to enhance engagement.
5.
Be Mindful: Don't stare. Avoiding too much eye contact can also make others
uncomfortable.
6.
Cultural Sensitivity: Be aware that eye contact norma can vary by culture.
About "Asking open-ended questions"
Open-ended questions are questions that require more than a simple "yes" or "no"
response. They are designed to encourage respondents to provide detailed answers in their
own words. Open-ended questions generally require longer, fuller and more meaningful
answers that originate from knowledge, thoughts, feelings, and experiences. They have no
'right' or 'wrong' or predictable answers. Words like 'think, would', 'could or 'might' are often
found in open questions.
Conclusion:
Active listening is more effective and interactive way to communicate than
passive listening. Active listening can help you understand the speaker's message, show that
you are paying attention, and demonstrate respect In addition, active listening can help you
improve your communication abilities, build trust, and make better decisions. Both types have
their distinct advantages and limitations. Developing active listening skills is crucial for
individuals to enhance their communication abilities, establish meaningful connections, and
foster mutual understanding.
References:
1.
Brown, G. (2012). Listening: Attitudes, Principles, and Skills. Pearson.
2.
Guffey, M. E., & Loewy, D. (2012). Essentials of Business Communication. Cengage
Learning.
3.
Johnson, M. (2020). Active Listening: Improve Your Conversation Skills, Learn Effective
Communication Techniques, and Increase Your Ability to Persuade, Influence, and Connect with
People. Independently published.
YOSH OLIMLAR
ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI
in-academy.uz/index.php/yo
17
4.
Morley, D. (2016). The Essentials of Business Etiquette: How to Greet, Eat, and Tweet Your
Way to Success. Routledge.
5.
Stewart, J. (2017). Bridges Not Walls: A Book about Interpersonal Communication.
McGraw-Hill Education.
6.
Ibrohimovna, M. S. (2019). BASICS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES THROUGH
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE IN MILITARY EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTIONS. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences Vol, 7(12).
7.
Musayeva, S. I., & Mengliyeva, S. S. (2022). Kursantlarning madaniyatlararo rivojlantirish.
8.
Kobilova, N. R. (2021). Developing Listening Comprehension Skills Songs on a Cluster
Basis. Academic research in educational sciences, 2(CSPI conference 2), 133- 138.
