JOURNAL OF NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
ISSN: 1005-3026
https://dbdxxb.cn/
Original Research Paper
Submitted
: 21/10/2022
Accepted
: 24/11/2022
1383
THE USE OF LEXICAL UNITS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN ENGLISH AND
UZBEK
Ahmedov Oybek Saporbayevich
Doctor of Philology, Professor of English Language Teaching Methods,
Uzbek State University of World Languages
Tilavova Malika Mamaraimovna
Teacher of English, Language Theory and Practice Department,
Djizak State Pedagogical Institute
Ayakulov Nurbek Abdug`appor o`gli
Doctor of Philology (PhD), Ministry of Innovative development, Sirdarya regional
Department, Gulistan State University
Abstract:
The article explores the lexical units of education in modern English and Uzbek
and the structural and semantic features of their field of word formation, which is one of the
researches that has not been analyzed in detail yet. Examples of lexical units of education in
the Uzbek language, their features are described. Examples of lexical units related to English
education are also given and their meanings are discussed. Lexical units of education are
selected and described in a comparative aspect, functional-semantic criteria that differ from
their meaning in the general lexicon are developed, etymological comparative analysis of
lexical units is carried out. The examples broadly explain the semantic structure of lexical
units associated with education in Uzbek and English, the places of use of these lexical units
in two languages and their use in meaning. In addition, statistical quantities are studied,
similarities and differences between the two languages are highlighted.
Key words:
lexical units, education, lexicology, semiotics, onomasiology, linguistics,
archaisms, historisms, neologisms, phraseological units, idioms, zoom, vocabulary, research,
etymology, philology
Introduction
The dynamics of the development of science in the field of Uzbek and foreign linguistics
has significantly increased in our country. At the same time, the rational use of the
achievements of world linguistics, their application in practice has yielded positive results,
and our achievements are becoming known not only in the linguistics of our country, but also
in world linguistics. In addition to the achievements, there are necessary studies that need to
be done, including the study of the phenomenon of lexical units related to education.
In the world of philology today, there is a growing desire to carry out fundamental
work on human speech activity and the possibilities of depicting the linguistic landscape of the
world. Attempts are being made to harmonize lingvopragmatic features through cognitive
semantics in the formation of lexical units belonging to different structural languages. In this
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1384
sense, the need for Uzbekistan to be globally competitive in the field of science, intellectual
potential, modern personnel, high technology shows the need for further development of Uzbek
linguistics.
The attention paid to this issue is an important cornerstone of the future development
and prosperity of Uzbekistan. Not only our native language, but also foreign languages play
an important role in the development of our children into mature professionals and in the
development of scientific innovations and scientific research. After all, the power of any state
is measured by the innovations and research in the field of science by the intellectuals who
work tirelessly.
After the adoption of the Resolution of the First President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan Islam Abduganievich Karimov No. PP 1875 of December 13, 2012, the attention
to teaching and learning foreign languages in our country has become even stronger. A new
stage, a new era in the teaching of foreign languages has begun in our country. The use of
advanced pedagogical technologies, interactive, innovative methods, communicative media is
required in the process of teaching foreign languages.
President Sh. M. Mirziyoyev noted, "For us, it is a task that will never lose its relevance
and importance - the task of educating our children as independent-minded, modern knowledge
and professions, strong life position, truly patriotic people." Indeed, strengthening the
emphasis on language is one of the main tools in educating such a generation. [Mirziyoyev
SH.M, Buyuk kelajagimizni mard va oliyjanob xalqimiz bilan quramiz (2017).p-103 ]
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017 No. PF-
4947 "On the Strategy of actions for further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan",
Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August 11, 2017 No. 610 On
Measures to Further Improve the Quality of Foreign Language Teaching in Higher Education
Institutions ”No. PQ-3775 of June 5, 2018 The current research has a special significance in
the implementation of the tasks set out in the "Regulatory Additional Measures", as well as
other normative legal acts related to social activities.
Extensive socio-political work carried out in the framework of Uzbekistan's integration
into the world community in the field of gender relations, as well as the further development
of the science and education system directly related to training in our country, quality training
of competitive and potential personnel paves the way.
The socio-political changes taking place in our society, their impact on language in
various forms, today pose new challenges to the science of linguistics.
Language is the mirror of every nation, its true source. As long as there is a language, the
nation is alive. A word is the most important nominative, basic, and central unit of a language
and makes up the total vocabulary of words in a language. Vocabulary (Greek lexis - word,
lexical) - a set of all words and phrases in the language, the lexical structure of the language.
Vocabulary is a coherent and complex system that follows certain rules. The vocabulary of the
language is constantly changing. This can be seen in the process of the emergence of new
words in the dictionary, the obsolescence of some of the existing words, the change of lexical
meaning and the acquisition of new meanings. Vocabulary is enriched by the development of
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1385
society and changes in social order. In the 20th century, the vocabulary of the Uzbek people,
like all nations, grew and developed rapidly. International words have entered the Uzbek
lexicon on a large scale. Over the centuries, languages have evolved from one word to another.
This is also an opportunity. Language as a system is in constant motion, evolving, which stems
from its social nature: the two-way relationship between language and society, language and
consciousness, language and thinking determines their interaction - what happens in society
Socio-political processes, scientific and technological progress, reforms in the economic and
educational spheres require the emergence of new words and terms in the vocabulary of the
language, as well as the transformation of a certain word-lexeme into an outdated historical
category. This process creates lexical units in the vocabulary of the language, which is the
object of lexicology, such as historism, archaism and assimilation neologism. The study of
lexical units related to education with linguistic and non-linguistic factors, the fields of
lexicology, semiotics and onomasiology, the department of etymology of linguistics is
currently one of the pending studies.
When we learn a foreign language, along with the language, we need to study the way of
life, mentality, worldview, culture of the people. Because extralinguistic factors influencing
language today allow for a deeper and broader study of language. Today, research in linguistics
is based on the principle of language-speech. In other words, a serious effort is being made to
examine the speech occurrence of linguistic commonalities identified by theoretical
linguistics.This is evidenced by the rapid development of a number of socially and
economically effective areas, such as sociolinguistics, linguoculturology, psycholinguistics,
lingvocognitology, computer linguistics, which deal with the practical realization of language
and its effective use.
The level of development of each language is assessed, first of all, by the degree to
which its methodology is developed. Because the essence of language is manifested in style,
that is, in the forms of speech activity. It is understood that the solution to the global problems
of language development requires the promotion of methodology to the status of the science of
public speaking, the study of lexical units of education in Uzbek and English used in functional
methods. It also requires them to develop curricula, textbooks, and dictionaries to substantiate
that they grew up in linguistics, which is a scientifically and practically independent field. The
relevance of the topic lies in the fact that lexical units related to education in English and Uzbek
are poorly studied, they do not have a clear idea of what field of linguistics, what language
level, its subject of study, the object of description.
The study of lexical units related to bilingual education is important not only for
linguistics but also for language history and ethnography. A lexicon is a set of words that make
up a language and are part of its vocabulary. Languages are adapted to the situation, customs,
and experiences of the people who speak them. One of the tasks of the lexicology department
of linguistics is to create lexical units such as historism, archaism, slangs, and neologisms in
a particular language vocabulary. The vocabulary of the language is constantly changing. This
can be seen in the process of the emergence of new words in the dictionary, the obsolescence
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1386
of some of the existing words, the change of lexical meaning and the acquisition of new
meanings.
Historical words. The thing of the past is the words that express events but do not have
their own synonym in our modern language. For example: miri, paqir, (currency) qozi,
qushbegi, yasovul, xalifa (career names), omoch, yorgichok, charkh, etc.
2. Outdated words (archaisms). These are outdated names of things and events that
exist today. Obsolete words will be synonymous in the modern language.
For example: budun, ulus, raiyat - xalq (people; population); handasa -geometriya
(geometry); muarrix – tarixchi (historian); dudoq- lab ( lip ); lang – cho’loq (lame).
3. New words (neologisms). What has emerged as a result of socio-economic
development and change are the new names of events. Neologisms (Greek neos - new, logos
- word) are words that describe the development of society, new things and concepts that have
emerged in response to the demands of life. The novelty of neologisms is felt only when they
first appear: over time, they lose their "novelty" and usually become active words. For
example, the words marketing, reconstruction, rating, and tender, which have been new to the
Uzbek language for several years, are now commonplace.
The words used in the speech of a certain class are called slangs. For example, tanzil-
foyda (benefit).
Slangs are words used by members of a certain narrow group of people with similar
interests, occupations, and ages. They use words related to the common language in a different
sense. Musicians, thieves, traders have their own slang in Uzbek language. For example, a)
from musicians; yakan (money), joyi (no), dah (good); b) from the slangs of the thieves: loy
(money), ligavi (policeman), harif (owner of money); d) from the slangs of traders: sar or
sarpiyoz (thousand soums), kapara (six thousand soums); e) from the hoodlums' slangs: zamri
(don’t talk), hamka (bread). With the disappearance of such classes, associations, and gangs,
slangs also disappear.
Among the obsolete dictionary are archaisms and historisms. This is determined not
by their “age” in speech, but by their application: those who call necessary, vital concepts and
terms do not age over the centuries, others quickly become archaic, we stop using them because
the objects themselves marked with them, the words disappear. In particular, the education
system in our country has changed, so terms such as latofatli xonim (gentle lady), kollej talabasi
(college student), realist (“ a real schoolboy”) have disappeared from the speech.
The use of such lexical units in speech, their linguo-specific features are relevant not
only for Uzbek linguistics, but also for its history, modern ethnolinguistics. Although lexical
units related to education have been the subject of scrutiny in Uzbek and English linguistics
from a certain point of view, methodology as a research object still remains a subject that needs
to be addressed.
Results and discussion
The first researches in the department of lexicology in Uzbek linguistics were carried
out by I.Rasulov, A.Shomahsudov, R.Kunurov, then M.Yuldashev's "Linguistic analysis of the
literary text" and S.Karimov's reflected in scientific research. It seems that a lot of work has
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1387
been done in the field of lexicology. The neologisms in the Uzbek dictionary have not been
fully studied yet. SI Ojegov admits that vocabulary is more complex and multifaceted than
other levels of language.[Ojegov S.I, Lexicology. Lexicography. A culture of speech. –M.,
(1974).p-47]
Its task is, on the one hand, to reflect the existing existence in society with all its
complexities, and, on the other hand, to create lexical, semantic, methodological-synonymic
words and express the complex linguistic relations of a number of such phenomena. The
acquisition of words from one language to another is highly valued as a mixture of languages.
Well-known linguist L.V. Shcherba considers such a process to be one of the most important
problems of linguistics. [ Shcherba L.V, Selected works on linguistics and phonetics (1958).p-
40-42]
V.A.Bogoroditsky, one of the representatives of the Kazan School of Linguistics,
emphasizes the need to take into account the influence of another language in the study of their
language and its importance. [Bogoroditsky V.A,Introduction to Tatar linguistics in connection
with other Turkic languages (1934). P-75-76]
Analysis of many examples shows that the stability of terms and nomenclature is a
complex issue. At a time when the Republic of Uzbekistan was under the control of the former
Soviet Union, when Russian had a strong influence on other languages in the territory of the
Union, we could not hesitate to , we could use words like respublika, oblast, rayon, avtor,
agitatsiya, propaganda, ideya, plan, forma, protsent, protsess, komandirovka, raport, spravka,
student, sekretar, ministr even though they have alternatives in our language (regardless of
which language they were previously adopted from). Naturally, these words were reacted to
by the public in connection with the independence of our country. Alternative options such as
jumhuriyat (republic), viloyat (province), tuman (district), targ’ibot (propaganda), g’oya (idea),
reja (plan), shakl (form), jarayon (process), safar (trip), bildirishnoma (notification),
ma’lumotnoma (reference), talaba (student), kotiba (secretary), vazir (minister) are also from
the early 90s began to be used equally with, and this parallelism has been maintained for some
time as the norm in our language.
Now, more than a decade later, the picture is completely different. In the meantime,
we can safely say that the words of the first group have largely given way to the words of the
second group. Why do we say basically? Because, each of these words has passed through
time. Some still retain the feature of parallelism: like respublika-jumhuriyat (republic),
universitet-dorilfunun (university).This is because their semantic and methodological
meanings are not exactly the same.
There are other reasons for this parallel use. In our linguistics we have epithets -
sifatlash, derivations-so’z yasalishi, affixes-qo’shimcha, abbreviations – qisqartma so’z,
anaphora - repetition of sounds at the beginning of a line, anthroponyms - personal names,
toponyms - place names, attribute - determiner, affricates – qorishiq undoshlar, style - uslub,
stylistics – uslubshunoslik. This is because the first of the terms is used as an international
term in all languages.
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1388
It follows that the acceptance and standardization of new suggested words also depends
on whether they have been used in the language before. In other words, it helps them to get
used to seeing and hearing.
In addition, the terminology of science and various fields is constantly evolving. The
lexicon of the Uzbek language includes its own and its own layer, as well as all-Turkic words
and Uzbek words derived from them.
In today’s age of technology, it is no longer surprising that so many new words about
education are entering our lives. Let us now turn our attention to one of these words. During
the pandemic in our country, as in other countries, almost all educational institutions in our
country operated online. It is known that the lessons were held on the Zoom platform. Let us
pay special attention to this word.
Zoom Video Communications
, Inc. (Zoom) is an American communications
technology company headquartered in San Jose, California that provides remote conferencing
services using cloud computing. Eric S. Yuan ( born 20 February 1970) is a Chinese-American
billionaire businessman, engineer, and the chief executive officer and founder of Zoom Video
Communications.
Zoom
was originally founded in 2011. Its headquarters are located in San
Jose, California. Zoom also has offices in Europe, Asia, and Australia. During the COVID-19
pandemic, there was a major increase in the use of Zoom for remote work, distance education,
and online social relations. It has been used by banks, schools, universities, and government
agencies around the world.
ZOOM
Acronym Definition
ZOOM Zet Object Orientation Model
ZOOM Zeroed Output Optical Meter (fiber optics)
ZOOM Zion Originated Outreach Ministry (Minneapolis, MN)
ZOOM Z Owners of Minnesota
Morphological and syntactic properties
Zoom (noun)
IPA pronunciation
: [zu:m]
Semantic properties
Meaning
1. buzzing sound, hum, buzzing
2. av. jarg. candle, slide; sharp rise up
3. increase or decrease in the image
4. approach (less often departure) (video effect)
Synonyms
1. buzz, chur, hum, humming, boom, birr
2. hoick
3. enlargement, blow-up
4. zooming, dolly- in (hitting)
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1389
The groups of people who use slang words are different, slang words also vary in the nature
of their origin. Most jargons are transient, temporary, and change rapidly as time and
conditions change. Sometimes slang can be transformed into simple speech and then into
literary language. Common features are as follows:
1. Slang words are a term in a different, very narrow group of things and events that
have a name in literary language.
2. Slang words always have an expressive-stylistic color. Many slangs are transient,
temporary, and then, gradually, either completely forgotten, or due to the emotional-stylistic
dye, the transition to simple speech, from it to general use, that is, to unlimited vocabulary.
possible.
Attention to youth jargon was noted in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. Linguists
(B.A. Larin, V.V. Vinogradov, A.M. Selishchev, etc.) have focused on this part of the language
life of society from the study of general jargon, in particular, the vernacular. Later, L.I.
Skvortsov, B.A. Serebrennikov, L.P. Krisin, V.G. Kostomarov et al., First of all, created
descriptions of individual jargons.
The UK is known for its excellence in higher education and is now attracting international
students from all over the world The UK is home to some of the most famous universities in
the world, such as Cambridge University and Oxford University. Therefore, it is not surprising
that higher education diplomas obtained in the UK are recognized worldwide.
The arrival of an international student in the UK for further study can be exciting, but
also frightening. There are many different dialects of English in the UK. Most students have
difficulty overcoming the language barrier. To add insult to injury, students must act in
intelligent slangs in English to understand or comprehend their thoughts. But to be honest,
English slang words sound great and are widely used.
There are some words that you are familiar with in your home country that have a completely
different meaning in the UK. So next time a Brit asks you, “Fancy a beer?”, don’t go around
thinking, “Why does he want to dress up a beer…?”
Let’s take a look at the most commonly used English slangs that are widely used in students'
lives.
-
Uni
is one of the foremost well known slang words among understudies. Understudies
generally allude to their college and/or college by fair saying uni.
- Another university-related cool British slang word is
fresher
which means a first-year
student.
Libes
is the British university slang word for a library.
- The another time you're sitting on a seat and a British companion comes over inquiring you
to budge up
,
you superior know what it implies! You ought to move or make room for him to
sit following to you.
-
Mate
could be a term of charm that's frequently utilized to call a college companion that could
be either male or female. A male companion can too be called
a lad or chap
and the female
version of typically young
lass or lassie.
- After a long college day, being
knackered
,
which is one of the foremost prevalent British
English slang words and expressions, basically implies being exhausted.
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1390
-
Buzzing
implies to be cheerful or energized around something and psyched implies being
very energized approximately something.
-
Dynamite
is used for awesome and cool.
Wicked
too is used to convey the same meaning.
-
Ace
is a British slang term meaning excellent. It is mostly used in Liverpool. In the rest of
the UK, Brits use the term
“Brilliant”.
- People mostly use the word
“Cheers”
when toasting drinks, but British people also use it to
say thank you.
-
Gutted
means upset and disappointed — this might be used by your peers if they describe a
test they didn’t do well on.
-
Dodgy
implies unlawful, untrustworthy, or suspicious.
-
Pork pies
could be a equivalent word for lies and the expression “Porkies” is another way
of saying lies. Chinwag is to chat and to deal is to negotiate.
-
To know your onions
implies to be knowledgeable.
-
Skive off
implies to be sluggish or a slacker. Kip is the slang word for a rest and faffing is
to squander time.
-
Jimjams
is another term for “pyjamas” and the television is alluded to as Tellv. When
getting to bed, Brits say “I’m Off to Bedfordshire.” –
-
To let
basically implies that a place is empty to be lease, so in case you're searching for a
student accommodation within the UK close your college, you know which British slang words
to utilize or anticipate hearing from our understudy settlement experts.
-
Spend a penny
implies progressing to the lavatory, so in the event that your flatmate
specified this, don't think he must borrow cash.
-
Full of beans
is as a rule utilized to portray an enthusiastic individual, and
yakking
is
utilized to describe the activity of talking as well much.
- One of the popular slang terms in 2020 is
to cap
, which means to lie. If you are not sure your
friend is telling the truth, you can simply send a baseball cap to them, and they will understand.
-
Skive
means: to avoid doing something, not going to something, missing something on
purpose. Example: When I was a teenager I used to skive homework. Now that I am studying
English at Stafford House I never skive going to school.
-
Sit up
- You're likely to come across this slang when you're sitting in class and your friend
wants to sit next to you. It means to move or make room.
-
Buddy
- If you think that we have confused our islands, you are mistaken. Most of us
associate the word mate with Australia, but the truth is that the British also use this word. It is
a term of endearment used to refer to a friend, man or woman. A male friend can also be
referred to as a boyfriend or lad, while the feminine version of the word is called a girl or
maiden.
-
Sloshed
- "Dude, I'm really drunk" is another term that you will be familiar with at the
university. It means being drunk. Alternative slang words that convey the same meaning are
don't give a damn, smash, piss off, smear and ride a cart.
-
Gobsmacked
- It is a truly British expression meaning to be shocked and surprised beyond
belief.
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1391
- Hunky-Dory
- It is a little piece of British uni slang that means that a situation is okay, cool,
or normal.
-
Minging
– This is an alternative to the word disgusting or gross.
-
Sick
– Here being “sick” is actually a good thing. It’s like a stronger form of “cool”
-
Throwing a wobbly
– This phrase means the same thing as having a tantrum.
-
Dosh
– This is a fancy word for money. Wonga, dough, dollar, and bread are some other
words for money.
-
Cracking
– Cracking means something that is particularly good or excellent.
-
Botched –
If something is botched, it means that has not gone according to plan.
-
Easy peasy
– If something is not difficult then it is usually pronounced as being easy peasy.
-
Naff – Naff
is something that is a bit uncool.
-
On your bike
– It is a British slang that is a not so polite way of telling someone to go away.
- Quid
– It is a common British slang word for a British pound.
-
Snookered
– To be snookered means you are in a situation from which you can see no obvious
escape.
-
Blud
– This is a term of endearment for a good friend. It comes from the term, “Blood
brother”.
-
Yonks
– It is a general uni British slang for a long period of time
-
Chuffed
– When someone is chuffed, it means they are very pleased or happy about
something.
Nowadays, in addition to student life, we also encounter slang words in our lives that refer to
teachers. Students are constantly coming up with new slang words that we adults have a hard
time keeping up with and understanding. So it’s time the teachers have their own slang. Let’s
take a look at a few of them.
1. USO
Define: Unidentified Sticky Object
Use in a sentence: There’s nothing worse than finding a “USO” on a paper when grading
assignments.
2. Extra credit
Definition: extra > over the top, excessive
Use in a Sentence: Karen was being so “extra credit” during the staff meeting with all those
questions at the end!
3. Sub plans
Definition: something annoying
Use in a Sentence: I can’t stand when students tap their pencils on their desks. It’s so “sub
plans“!
4. T-burn
Definition: the teacher look that burns and stops students in their tracks
Use in a sentence: I often give random kids in public the “t-burn” if I see them misbehaving.
5. MC Hammer
Definition: off-limits; not allowed to touch (“Can’t Touch This”)
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1392
Use in a sentence: I always tell my students that my flair pens and Expo markers are “MC
Hammer” at the beginning of the year, so they know better.
6. Marshmallow feet
Definition: walk quietly
Use in a sentence: OK class, when we walk through the halls, we need to put on our
“marshmallow feet” so we don’t disturb the other classes.
7. PTB
Definition: Parent-Teacher Beatdown; when parents insult you and blame you during a PTM
Use in a Sentence: I needed a shot of tequila after last night’s “PTB” with Jason’s parents.
8. Pencilepto
Definition: someone who steals pencils
Use in a sentence: I had to start marking all my pencils because my students are a bunch of
“pencileptos“.
9. Shinge
Definition: spending your whole weekend or break binge-watching all the shows
Use in a sentence: During spring break, I plan to sleep in every day and “shinge” my a** off!
10. Crayola:
Definition: cray-cray; crazy; off the walls
Use in a sentence: My class was “crayola” today, I almost lost my shitake mushrooms.
11. Gray-gray
Definition: Spending all night or all weekend grading papers.
Use in a sentence: My weekend was “gray-gray“!
12. IBH
Definition: Inappropriate But Hilarious
Use in a Sentence: One of my students said something so “IBH” today, I couldn’t stop myself
from laughing out loud in class!
13. SWAY
Definition: Summer, Where Are You?
Use in a sentence: Today was a rough day… “SWAY“!
We also use idioms, which are one of the phraseological units, a lot in our lives. There are also
many English educational idioms now that serve to enrich our speech.
1.
With flying colors
To succeed easily, with a very high mark or grade.
"I'm confident that Jenny will pass her English exam with flying colours."
2.
Brush up on
To improve your knowledge of something already learned but partly forgotten.
"My English is getting weak. I had better brush up on it."
3.
Cram
To try to learn a lot in a short period of time (mostly used in British English).
"Hikaru is cramming for tomorrow's IELTS exam."
4.
Bookworm
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1393
We use this idiom to describe someone who is always reading.
"Maria is always reading. She's a real bookworm."
5.
Class clown
A class clown is a disruptive student who often makes jokes instead of paying attention and
doing
their work.
“Brett is a college professor now. Ironically, he was the class clown of our elementary school.”
6.
Teacher’s pet
A teacher’s pet is a student who is clearly the favorite of the teacher and often receives special
treatment.
“I know he’s the teacher’s pet now, but that doesn’t mean he’ll be like that when he’s a
teenager.”
7.
Honor roll
If we belong to the
honour roll
, then our names are included in a list of names of
people with outstanding performance or achievements.
Example:
Her name was included in the honor roll. She’s one of the brightest kids in her class.
8. To breeze/sail through
To breeze
/
sail throug
h something means to easily succeed at something.
“I don’t think you’ll be able to breeze through college if you’re majoring in chemical
engineering.”
9. to ace
To ace
a test means to get an “A” or a very high grade.
“Sometimes I think my teacher is secretly disappointed when we all ace his tests.”
10. cheat sheet
A
cheat sheet
is a piece of paper with answers written on it that student use to cheat
on a test.
“I would never use a cheat sheet. I’m not dishonest.”
11. to bomb
To bomb
a test means to get a terrible grade on a test.
“Do you think Mrs. McGillicuddy will give let us retake the test if we all bomb it
today?”
12. a piece of cake, a cakewalk, a breeze, a
cinch, a walk in the park
We use all of these idioms to communicate that something is very easy. They all can
be used to talk about tests, exams, or classes.
“The exam was a piece of cake. We all received high scores.”
“We thought the test was going to be a cakewalk, but it was actually pretty hard.”
“Psychology 101 was a breeze for Jim. He had already taken psychology in high
school, so most of the material was a review for him.”
“I’m good at learning languages. Beginner’s French was a cinch for me.”
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1394
“Everyone wants to take Dr. Sullivan’s biology class. Everyone knows it’s a walk in the
park.”
13. to play hooky
To play hooky
is an informal expression which means to miss school or work without
having a valid reason or excuse.
“There’s a baseball game tomorrow at 2 p.m. We should play hooky and go see it.”
14. to cut/skip/ditch class
To cut
,
skip
, or
ditch class
means to intentionally miss class, usually in favor of doing
something else.
“Students are automatically suspended for cutting class.”
“If you skip a class, it’s going to be very difficult for you to catch up.”
“Will you take notes for me today? I’m thinking about ditching class.”
15. to hit the books
To hit the books
means to study.
“Finals are next week and I haven’t even started studying yet. I’d better hit the books
tonight.”
“Four of our football players are in danger of being academically ineligible. They
won’t be able to play if they don’t hit the books.”
16. to pull an all-nighter
To pull an all-nighter
means to stay up all night studying or working.
“I’d recommend that you not pull an all-nighter. It’s not good for your health.”
17. to catch on
To catch on
means to understand something after initially not being able to
comprehend it.
“The present perfect tense used to be hard for me. It took me a while to catch on.”
18. to burn the midnight oil
To burn the midnight oil
means to study or work late at night.
“Many people prefer to burn the midnight oil and study at night. Others prefer to
study during the day.”
19. to drop out
To drop out
means to decide to leave school and no longer pursue a degree or
diploma. We can also use
drop out
as a noun to talk about someone who drops out
of school.
“Why do you think so many people drop out of college?”
20. flunk/fail out
To flunk/fail out
means to be expelled from an institution because of low grades or
poor performance.
“Matt never went to class and eventually flunked out of college.”
“I have no idea how I’m going to tell my parents that I’m in danger of failing out of
school.”
21. copycat
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1395
Someone is a
copycat
if he or she copies or steals the work of other people.
Example:
She was called a copycat after she turned in an assignment that she copied from her
seatmate.
22. as easy as ABC
Something is
as easy as ABC
if it is very simple and uncomplicated. It is absolutely
easy to understand.
Example:
Answering his chemistry test is as easy as ABC for him.
23. schoolboy error
A very basic or foolish mistake.
He made a schoolboy error when he passed some of the
responsibilities to Jonah, who took all the credit for everything
they’d done
24. a quick learner
Someone who is able to learn a new skill or task very quickly.
Kelly is a very quick learner; she has only been here for a week
so far and has already taken on most of the previous secretary’s
roles!
25. University of life.
The daily life and work where you learn more than you would by going to
university.
My grandfather began to work on the family farm when he was
fourteen and learnt everything from the university of life.
Conclusion
It is true that the identification of lexical units of education in modern English and Uzbek and
their structural and semantic features of the field of word formation is one of the most important
studies that has not yet been thoroughly analyzed. This article also discusses the processes of
use of lexical units in Uzbek language education in terms of meanings, and the types of lexical
units in English language education according to their meanings. Lexical units of education
were selected and described comparatively, and an etymological comparative analysis of
lexical units was performed. At present, the comparative study of educational terms,
phraseological units, lexical units, jargons, neologisms in English and Uzbek languages is one
of the important scientific innovations awaiting its solution. It is also an important study in
which new statistical quantities need to be studied, highlighting the similarities and differences
between the two languages.
References:
1.
Stupin L.P. Lexicography of the English language. Textbook for universities. M., 1985;
VP Berkov Bilingual lexicography. M., 2004;
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1396
2.
Brain Kelly An Advanced English Course for foreign students. L., 1960.
3.
Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners. Macmillan Publishing
4.
Limited.2002 .
5.
Fedorova I.V. Educational dictionaries of a new generation and their potential in
6.
teaching foreign vocabulary. All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference.
Textbook - student - teacher. M.2003.
7.
Strevens P. The Effectiveness of Learners' Dictionaries. Studies in Lexicography. Ed.
by Burchfield, Oxford, 1987.
8.
McArthur T. Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English. Longman Group Limited.
1981.
9.
Tilavova, M. M. (2022). THEORETICAL GRAMMAR OF ENGLISH AND THE
MAIN DOMAINS OF LANGUAGE IN IT.
Mental Enlightenment Scientific-
Methodological Journal
,
2022
(1), 320-330.
10.
Tilavova, M. (2021). РОЛЬ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ В ЖИЗНИ
ЧЕЛОВЕКА.
Журнал иностранных языков и лингвистики
,
4
(9).
11.
Tilavova, M. (2021). Variability Of Phraseological Units In English And Semantic
Problems In Translation.
Журнал иностранных языков и лингвистики
,
4
(9).
12.
Tilavova, M. (2021). The importance of learning a second language and its benefits
for the individual.
Журнал иностранных языков и лингвистики
,
4
(9).
13.
Амосова Н.Н. Этимологические основы словарного состава современного
английского языка. М.: Изд-во литературы на иностранных языках, 1956.
14.
Анацкий И.Н. Историко-типологический анализ сложного слова в современных
германских языках // Структурно-типологическое описание современных
германских языков. М.: Наука, 1966.
15.
Андреев Н.Д. Статистико-комбинаторные методы в теоретическом и
прикладном языковедении. Л.: Наука, 1967.
16.
Антонова М.В. Системные связи узкоспециальной терминологии (на материале
профпатологической лексики современного английского языка). Автореферат
диссертации . кандидата филологических наук. Л.: Изд-во ЛГУ, 1983.
17.
8. Антонова М.В. Информационный статус торговой лексики в английском
языке // Терминологическое обеспечение научно-технического прогресса. Омск:
1988.
18.
Tilavova, M. (2021). INVERSION IS A BRIDGE TO THE WONDERS OF THE
LANGUAGE WORLD.
Журнал иностранных языков и лингвистики
,
2
(3).
Journal of Northeastern University
Volume 25 Issue 04, 2022
Copyright © 2022. Journal of Northeastern University. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at https://dbdxxb.cn/
1397
19.
Tilavova, M. (2020). Language is a bridge to the wonders of the world.
Журнал
дошкольного образования
, (1).
20.
Mamaraimovna, T. M. (2022, January). THE ROLE OF MODERN UZBEK
WOMEN IN THE PROSPERITY OF THE MOTHERLAND. In Conference Zone
(pp. 226-230).
21.
Abbott, Eileen (April 20, 2020). "Students and teachers struggle with remote education
due to coronavirus". TheHill. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved
April 21, 2020.
Internet resources
https://www.casita.com/blog/uk-slang-words-every-student-should-know
https://hs.staffordhouse.com/blog/the-best-british-slang-for-students
https://www.boredteachers.com/post/teacher-slang-30-words-for-educators-only
