No. 2 (2014) Archive

The purpose of the study was a clinical and functional assessment of peripheral laser coagulation of the retina in the complex treatment of patients with high myopia (HMI). Thirty patients (60 eyes) aged 17 to 48 years with HMI were under observation, which were divided into 2 groups. The first group (main) - 15 people (30 eyes) who received traditional treatment and peripheral laser coagulation of the retina. The second group (control) - 15 people (30 eyes) who received traditional therapy. When observed for 6 months, stabilization of the degenerative process was noted. All this makes it possible to recommend laser coagulation of the retina in the complex treatment of high myopia as a prevention of retinal detachment.

Tug'ma glaukoma bilan og'rigan bolalarda ko'zning biomexanik ko'rsatkichlari uning turli bosqichlari bilan o'rganildi. Oddiy birlamchi tug'ma operatsiyasiz glaukoma bilan og'rigan 1 oydan 3 yoshgacha bo'lgan 20 bemor (40 ko'z) tekshirildi. Ulardan 1-guruhga (ilg'or bosqich) mos ravishda 7 (14 ko'z), 2-chi (ilg'or bosqich) - 8 (16 ko'z), 3-chi (terminal bosqich) 5 bemor (10 ko'z) kiradi. Tadqiqot usullari orasida visometriya, refraktometriya, oftalmoskopiya, optik diskni qazib olishni aniqlash, ko'zning old-orqa o'lchamini ro'yxatga olish bilan A-skanerlash, 5 g og'irlikdagi elastotonometriya; janubiy; 15d, shuningdek, Filatov-Kalf usuli bilan. Olingan ma'lumotlarning tahlili shuni ko'rsatdiki, elastokrivning ko'tarilish gradienti barcha guruhlarda qayd etilgan, ammo eng yuqori ko'rsatkich terminal bosqichi bo'lgan bolalar guruhida bo'lgan, ko'zning anteroposterior hajmi esa mos ravishda kattalashgan. kasallikning og'irligi bilan. Ko'z ichi bosimining oshishi kasallikning og'irligiga mutanosib ravishda qayd etilgan. Konjenital glaukomaning oddiy shakli rivojlanishi bilan ko'zning biomexanik ko'rsatkichlari bosqichlarga ko'ra ortadi. Shu bilan birga, tolali membrananing qattiqligining pasayishi ko'zning to'qimalarida morfologik o'zgarishlarni va glaukoma jarayonining zo'ravonligini ko'rsatadi.

Purpose. An analysis of complications in case of penetrating injuries of visual organ in children and methods of their elimination.

Material and methods. There were in the follow-up 36 patients (36 eyes) aged from 6 to 14 years with various ocular injuries: boys - 70% of cases, girls - 30% of cases. All children underwent ophthalmic and clinical examinations.

Results. The primary surgical treatment (PST) was performed in all patients at the place of residence in different regions of the Republic. The secondary surgical treatment (SST) was carried out according to the following indications: swelling cataract, filtration of corneal and scleral injuries, local endophthalmitis, iris incarceration, hypotension, secondary glaucoma, sutures failure, torpid uveitis, deformation of eyelids, abruption of lacrimal canaliculi, non-sutured scleral wound, suspect intraocular foreign body, the destruction of the eyeball, suspected intraocular foreign body, the destruction of the eyeball. Causes of PST complications were: the severity of injuries (47.2%), an unskilled first aid (41.7%), a late appeal of patient (47.2%).

Conclusion. As a SST result the inflammatory response was stopped and the eyes were maintained as an anatomical organ in 99.6% of cases, visual functions were preserved in 67.4% of cases. It is necessary to intensify educational work among the population, to improve the quality of emergency eye care and the adequate rehabilitation of patients.

Clinically, neurotrophic disorders manifest themselves most often in acute brain diseases (strokes, injuries, meningoencephalitis, etc.), accompanied by the involvement of the hypothalamus - pituitary gland, brain stem, sympathetic and vagus nerves [3]. At the same time, the greatest functional and morphological disorders are observed in the gastrointestinal tract (ulcers, erosion, hemorrhages), lungs (edema, pneumonia) and pancreas (transient hyperglycemia) [1, p. 529] and liver (4, p. 170] Despite the fact that the main theater of action is expressed in a local catastrophe of the brain and neurological disorders, most researchers and practitioners do not pay due attention to the essential role of the "main laboratory" of the body - the morphofunctional state of the liver [7, p. 876].