It has now been proven that when peripheral nerves are damaged in the spinal cord, cytokines are produced (interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha), which contribute to the persistence of pain. Blocking cytokines reduces pain. With the development of this area of research, new prospects are associated in the development of drugs for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. According to V.P. Zueva (1981), in almost 60% of patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region, pathological changes in the immune system are detected. Mild and moderate severity of the purulent process (usually abscesses) cause moderate changes in the immune system. In severe phlegmon, inhibition of immunity occurs, especially pronounced in putrefactive necrotic forms, which necessitates studies of the immunobiological reactivity of the body. Thus, a dynamic assessment of the immune status in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial and the selection of adequate methods of immunocorrection seems to be necessary. In our opinion, the study of the characteristics of changes in the nervous system, psychoemotional sphere and related disorders of neuroendocrine regulation in patients with acute odontogenic periostitis of the jaw will help expand the range of pathogenetically substantiated methods of treatment, increase the effectiveness of therapy and prevention of complications.
