Том 4 № 45 (2025)

Ushbu maqolada inson organizmida bo’lgan biologik suyuqliklarni modifikatsiya qiluvchi, qon hujayralari hosil bo’lishida, shu jumladan:tug’ilish davridan oldin eritropoez markazi bo’lib xizmat qiladigan, qon ivishini ta’minlovchi moddalar sintezi, qon deposi vazifasini bajaruvchi shuningdek inson hayoti uchun muhim bo’lgan jigar organida uchrovchi patologiya jigar serrozi kasallikni atroflicha yoritilgan.Kasallik atamasini tarixga birinchi marta bo’lib fransuz olimi Rene Laennek tomonidan”kirrhos” yunoncha sarg’ayish degan ma’noda fanga kiritgan. Jigar serrozi-jigarning gistologik tuzilmalarining normal bo’lmagan  vazifa o’tilishi yoki gepatosit hujayralarining halok bo’lishi natijasida kelib chiqadigan kasallik hisoblanadi.Ushbu kasallik orqali 

This research explores the gender-specific characteristics of empathetic speech. It analyzes differences between men and women in terms of the structure of empathetic utterances, the extent of linguistic unit usage, and the ways emotions are expressed.

Art is not only a form of creative expression but also a powerful medium through which cultural identity is preserved, communicated, and evolved. This paper explores the significance of patterns and symbols in traditional art forms, focusing on how they represent the philosophy, spirituality, and heritage of various cultures. Special attention is given to Central Asian and Uzbek ornamental traditions, which reveal a rich visual language deeply rooted in history. By connecting ancient motifs with contemporary design, this study highlights how traditional art continues to shape modern identity on both local and global levels.

Хронические ревматические заболевания оказывают выраженное влияние не только на соматическое состояние пациента, но и на его социальную адаптацию, трудовую деятельность и качество жизни в целом. В работе рассмотрены ключевые медико-социальные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются пациенты, приведены данные об их распространенности и предложены направления комплексной поддержки на уровне здравоохранения и социальной политики.

Mazkur maqolada SSSR davrida O‘zbekiston hududida poyabzal sanoatining paydo bo‘lishi, uning qanday holatda rivojlangani, qaysi hududlarda kengaygani va ularda uchragan muommo va kamchiliklar ilmiy tahlillar orqali yoritiladi.

Мақолада саноат тармоғидаги кичик бизнес корхоналари фаолиятини ташкил этишнинг ўзига хос хусусиятлари ёритиб берилган.

This article explores the poetic imagery used in English and Uzbek literature through a comparative lens, with particular attention to its translation challenges and cultural interpretations. The study highlights how metaphor, symbolism, and other figurative devices function within poetic texts of both languages, reflecting distinct worldviews and aesthetic traditions. By analyzing selected poetic examples, the paper identifies the difficulties that arise in translating imagery from one culture to another while maintaining emotional and semantic depth. The research emphasizes the importance of culturally sensitive approaches in literary translation to preserve the original tone, rhythm, and meaning of poetic imagery. The article also outlines strategies for translators to deal with untranslatable elements and offers solutions for achieving functional equivalence in the target language.

В статье проводится анализ романа «Ночь и День» выдающегося узбекского писателя и поэта Абдулахамида Чулпона. Произведение рассматривается как художественное отражение духовного пробуждения, национального самосознания и социального переосмысления узбекского общества начала XX века. Особое внимание уделяется идейному конфликту между просвещением и традиционализмом, роли женщины в меняющемся мире, а также философской и символической глубине романа. Исследование опирается на контекст джадидизма, отражающий стремление к модернизации, развитию образования и национальной идентичности. Статья раскрывает эстетическую ценность романа и актуальность его идей в контексте историко-культурного наследия Узбекистана.

Mazkur maqolada zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonida tanqidiy fikrlash ko‘nikmasini shakllantirish va rivojlantirishning nazariy-metodik asoslari yoritilgan. Tanqidiy tafakkurning mohiyati, uning o‘quvchilarning mustaqil fikrlashiga ta’siri, shuningdek, mazkur kompetensiyani rivojlantirishga xizmat qiluvchi pedagogik sharoit va usullar tahlil etiladi.

Thyroid dysfunction is polyetiological and may be associated with developmental anomalies, genetic pathology, T-suppressor deficiency, and inflammatory process in thyroid tissue. The study used 30 rats to study the effects of experimental thyrotoxicosis. The rats were divided into two groups - the group with intact animals and the group with experimental hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was modeled by administering L-thyroxine in various doses over 14 days. Comparative analysis of the morphometric indicators of pancreatic pancreatic cells in control and experimental rats showed that despite the fact that the total cell volume, cytoplasm volume, and nuclear volume of pancreatic cells in hyperthyroid rats were lower than in the control group animals.

The textile and light industry fields have their own intricate terminologies, which pose significant challenges when translated between linguistically distant languages such as English and Karakalpak. This article provides a detailed analysis of the linguistic, cultural, and industrial factors that influence the translation process, focusing on terminology commonly used in textile technology, materials, and production.

In the silk industry, the process of twisting single-layer weft and warp raw silk threads during the production of woven fabrics is being implemented for the first time. When a certain amount of twist is applied to the warp and weft threads, the tensile properties of the raw silk threads improve. Therefore, determining the optimal parameters of the applied twist is an important task. In this dissertation, experiments were planned as full factorial experiments to determine the optimal twisting parameters for single-layer raw silk. These experiments were conducted based on established standards, i.e., a full factorial design (FFD) was carried out. [1, 392 s.;2, 224 s.].

Ushbu maqolada isteriya nevrozi tushunchasi, uning klinik ko‘rinishlari va shakllanish omillari psixologik va psixiatrik nuqtai nazardan yoritib berilgan. Isteriyaning psixoanalitik, biologik va ijtimoiy-psixologik yondashuvlar asosida izohlanishi hamda uni keltirib chiqaruvchi psixogen omillar tahlil qilingan. Shu bilan birga, isterik nevrozning tashxislash mezonlari va zamonaviy psixoterapevtik yondashuvlar, jumladan kognitiv-behavioral terapiya, gipnoterapiya va psixodinamik yondashuvlar haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Maqola psixologiya, klinik psixologiya va psixiatriya yo‘nalishidagi talabalar, tadqiqotchilar hamda amaliyotchi mutaxassislar uchun mo‘ljallangan.

This article analyses the factors contributing to gender inequality in the education system, as well as the influence of gender stereotypes shaped by society’s entrenched ideals of “man” and “woman.” It highlights the causes of social stereotype formation, scientific and practical approaches to overcoming them, the development of educational materials on the subject, the importance of informing educators, and the necessity of creating equal opportunities and a safe environment for all, regardless of gender. The elimination of gender stereotypes in the education system and the creation of a balanced environment for equal use of opportunities for personal development are scientifically proven to contribute to the promotion of gender equality and the advancement of society.

Первичная закрытоугольная глаукома (ПЗУГ) представляет собой одну из ведущих причин необратимой слепоты и инвалидизации по зрению в Узбекистане. Высокая частота анатомических факторов риска (узкий угол передней камеры, переднее смещение хрусталика, shallow anterior chamber) и недостаточная доступность современных методов диагностики обуславливают позднее выявление заболевания, особенно у пациентов старших возрастных групп.