Том 4 № 5 (2025)

This article considers the issues of improving the organization and conduct of practical classes in general secondary schools. Practical classes play an important role in strengthening students' theoretical knowledge, developing critical and creative thinking skills. The study analyzes the planning of practical classes, the use of modern pedagogical technologies, methods for achieving active participation of students, and assessment mechanisms. Also, recommendations are given for the effective organization of practical classes for schoolchildren.

The flipped classroom approach has emerged as a transformative pedagogical model in modern education, shifting the traditional learning structure by moving direct instruction outside of the classroom and dedicating class time to active, student-centered learning. This thesis explores the implementation of the flipped classroom model in teaching English grammar to university students in Uzbekistan. It examines the effects of this approach on students' engagement, comprehension, and overall grammar performance. Through qualitative and quantitative methods, the study investigates student responses, academic outcomes, and the challenges encountered during the transition from conventional grammar instruction to a flipped model. The findings suggest that the flipped classroom fosters more interactive learning, supports autonomous study habits, and improves grammatical understanding when properly planned and supported by digital resources.

This thesis highlights the current aspects of the process of forming and developing bioethical competence in future educators. It analyzes the pedagogical conditions, didactic tools and methodological approaches to the formation of a bioethical culture that meets the requirements of modern education. Bioethical competence includes skills such as understanding ethical criteria in pedagogical activity, loyalty to humanitarian ideals, and a responsible attitude towards life and the environment.

This article examines the complex relationship between migration processes and the emergence of cultural and ethnic conflicts. It explores how demographic shifts caused by migration impact social dynamics, identity politics, and intergroup relations. By analyzing case studies from various regions, the study aims to identify key factors that lead to conflicts and propose strategies to foster social cohesion.

Ushbu tezisda O‘zbekiston televideniyesining raqamli transformatsiya jarayonida kadrlar malakasini oshirishning ahamiyati va zaruriyati tahlil qilinadi. Raqamli texnologiyalarni joriy etish va ularni ishlab chiqarish jarayonlariga tatbiq etish televideniye sohasi uchun yangi imkoniyatlar yaratadi. Tezisda kadrlar malakasini oshirishning asosiy yo‘nalishlari, metodologiyalari va zamonaviy o‘quv uslublari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Raqamli transformatsiya jarayonida o‘quv metodlarini zamonaviylashtirish, interaktiv va amaliy yondashuvlarni joriy etish, mutaxassislarning global o‘quv platformalaridan foydalanish imkoniyatlarini yaratish zarurligi ta’kidlanadi.

This article discusses the issues of forming professional and cultural competencies of future music teachers through the integration of folk art examples into the process of music education. It is analyzed that educational materials based on traditional folk songs, epics, maqoms and national melodies serve as an important tool in developing aesthetic taste, national values ​​and artistic observation skills in students.

Современное образование невозможно представить без активного внедрения интерактивных методик. В условиях глобализации и цифровизации общества возникает необходимость в повышении интереса учащихся к изучаемым дисциплинам, в том числе к русскому языку. Интерактивные методы обучения способствуют не только развитию языковых навыков, но и формированию критического мышления, коммуникативных умений, а также умения работать в группе. Данная статья направлена на рассмотрение сущности интерактивных методик и их эффективного применения на уроках русского языка.

Роман И.А. Гончарова «Обломов» (1859) — классика русской литературы, в которой раскрывается трагедия человека, неспособного адаптироваться к меняющемуся миру. Ключевым эпизодом, объясняющим характер главного героя, является «Сон Обломова» (глава IX первой части). Этот фрагмент не только показывает истоки его апатии, но и служит аллегорией российской социальной стагнации. 

This article presents several ideas on the positive and negative effects of computer games, a topical issue of today, and ways to reduce addiction to them.

This thesis conducts a comparative analysis of the legislative frameworks governing renewable energy sources (RES) in Germany and Uzbekistan, two nations at different stages of energy transition. Germany’s Energiewende, anchored by the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG), exemplifies a mature model with feed-in tariffs, grid prioritization, and long-term climate targets, aiming for 100% renewable electricity by 2035. Uzbekistan’s nascent framework, driven by the 2019 Law on the Use of Renewable Energy Sources, focuses on solar and wind expansion through tax exemptions and competitive bidding, targeting 3 GW by 2030. The analysis reveals Germany’s strengths in legal stability and stakeholder engagement, contrasted with Uzbekistan’s challenges in financial incentives and infrastructure. Drawing on these insights, the thesis proposes subjective recommendations for Uzbekistan, including feed-in tariffs, a grid integration act, a national RES agency, and a long-term climate law, inspired by Germany’s approach. This study underscores the importance of tailored legislative strategies to accelerate RES adoption, offering lessons for mutual improvement in diverse economic contexts. As global demand for sustainable energy grows, both nations can benefit from shared best practices, with Uzbekistan poised to enhance its regional renewable potential.

This article analyzes the role of recreational tourism in the formation of psychological stability and positive life mood of students. The article highlights the importance of the natural environment, active recreation and tourism activities that promote a healthy lifestyle in eliminating mental stress, stress and demotivation among young people in the conditions of a modern lifestyle.

This article analyzes the role of recreational tourism in the formation of psychological stability and positive life mood of students. The article highlights the importance of the natural environment, active recreation and tourism activities that promote a healthy lifestyle in eliminating mental stress, stress and demotivation among young people in the conditions of a modern lifestyle.

SSSR bilan ADR o‘rtasida XX asrning birinchi choragida shakllangan do‘stona, yaxshi qo‘shnichilik va hamkorlik munosabatlarining dastlabki bosqichi tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda ikki davlat o‘rtasidagi siyosiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy aloqalarning shakllanishiga alohida urg‘u beriladi.

This article analyzes effective methods for organizing and developing independent learning activities of students and pupils in the process of music education. Independent learning is considered an integral part of the modern education system, and its importance in the formation of musical competencies, the development of creative thinking, preparation for practical training and ensuring creative independence is highlighted.

In this article, the conflicts that arise during adolescence, the factors of their occurrence, the interests, needs, views, etc. between the parties in interpersonal relations. Problems such as the origin of conflicts and the emergence of conflicts based on these conflicts, as well as social empowerment and social empowerment are highlighted.

В статье анализируются международные правовые стандарты в области применения мер пресечения. Особое внимание уделяется международным актам по правам человека, конвенциям и пактам, закрепляющим принципы обеспечения права на свободу и личную неприкосновенность. Рассматривается процесс ратификации Узбекистаном ключевых международных документов в данной сфере и их имплементация в национальное законодательство. В заключение подчеркивается актуальность и перспективы дальнейшей интеграции международных стандартов в правовую систему Республики Узбекистан.

В статье рассматриваются возможности, проблемы и перспективы дистанционного обучения русскому языку в современном мире. Анализируются преимущества и недостатки различных платформ и инструментов дистанционного обучения, а также предлагаются методические рекомендации по эффективной организации учебного процесса в онлайн-формате. Особое внимание уделяется эмпирическим данным и статистическому анализу, демонстрирующим рост популярности, эффективность и экономическую целесообразность дистанционного обучения русскому языку. Обсуждаются вызовы, связанные с технологическим развитием, конкуренцией и изменяющимися потребностями студентов, а также перспективы интеграции новых технологий и расширения аудитории.

Maqolada qishloq xo‘jaligini barqaror rivojlantirish borasida olib borilayotgan iqtisodiy islohotlar asosan fermer va dehqon xo‘jaliklari va boshqa turdagi qishloq xo‘jaligi korxonalarini rivojlantirish orqali qishloq xo‘jaligi mahsulotlarini yetishtiruvchi hamda qayta ishlovchi tarmoqlar o‘rtasida uzluksiz zanjirni ta’minlashga qaratilgan. Shuningdek, qishloq faoliyatini qishloq xo‘jaligi risklarini sug‘urtalashning moliyaviy jihatdan dolzarbligi asoslangan holda  ustuvor rivojlantirish qaratilgan ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyatga ega tavsiyalar berilgan.

Данная статья посвящена исследованию названий художественных произведений с точки зрения их структурно-семантических и прагматических характеристик. Названия играют важную роль в формировании первого впечатления читателя, а также отражают жанровую и смысловую специфику текста. В работе рассмотрены функции названий, их лексико-грамматические особенности и прагматические стратегии. Исследование основано на анализе названий современных зарубежных произведений и учитывает подходы международных исследователей. Результаты показывают, что названия всё чаще становятся инструментом речевого воздействия и содержат элементы культурного кода.

This article analyzes the specific characteristics of the formation and manifestation of the “self-concept” in 6–7-year-old preschool children. Research results demonstrate that the self-concept develops differently at each stage of childhood development, becoming particularly evident during the preschool period.

This article analyzes the relationship between the level of goal-orientedness of an athlete's personality and indicators of psychological adaptation from a psychological and pedagogical point of view. The article highlights the influence of goal-oriented activity, internal motivation, stress tolerance and ability to adapt to the environment of athletes on their sports results. The results of the study show that a high level of goal-orientedness strengthens psychological stability in athletes, which in turn allows for quick and effective adaptation to competition conditions.

Поэтический язык Анны Ахматовой известен своей лаконичностью и эмоциональной напряжённостью. Ещё современники отмечали, что сила её лирики во многом заключается в недосказанности и намёке. Так, К.И.Чуковский подчёркивал: «главное очарование ее лирики не в том, что сказано, а в том, что не сказано. Она мастер умолчаний, намёков, многозначительных пауз. Её умолчания говорят больше слов» [Чуковский, 1925, с. 218].

This article covers the scientific and theoretical foundations and practical aspects of using Islamic moral approaches in the process of modern pedagogical education. The integration of Islamic morality into the educational process and its role in the formation of spiritual and moral values ​​in students are analyzed. Also, the formation of positive personal qualities, strong moral views, a sense of social responsibility and cultural communication skills in students is taken as the basis for the criteria for the effectiveness of Islamic moral approaches. The article proposes approaches that serve to further deepen moral education in the education system.

Sog‘lom turmush tarzini shakllantirishda kundalik jismoniy mashqlar muhim o‘rin tutadi, chunki ular organizmning barcha tizimlariga ijobiy ta’sir ko‘rsatib, insonning umumiy salomatligini mustahkamlashga xizmat qiladi. Har kuni muntazam bajariladigan mashqlar yurak-qon tomir, nafas olish, mushak va suyak tizimlarini faollashtiradi, stress va zo‘riqish holatlarini kamaytiradi hamda immunitetni oshiradi.

The study established that acetaldehyde reacts with ammonia in an autoclave in the presence of a catalyst with a mass fraction of 1-20% for 3 hours at 130-160°C, at a mol ratio of CH₃CHO:NH₃ = 1:3, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is formed as the main product.

The opera "Dilaram" by Mukhtar Ashrafi was written based on the poem "Seven Planets" by L. Navoi (librettists K. Yashen, M. Mukhamedov). In Navoi's poem "Seven Planets" Shah Bahram is so carried away by the slave ("cunning idol") Dilaram that he takes her with him hunting - the favorite pastime of the Iranian nobility. But in a fit of rage caused by the mocking attitude to his shooting skills, the Shah banishes Dilaram to the desert. Seven fairy tale poems, told by travelers to entertain the bored Shah, are skillfully woven into this plot. The author's idea runs through the entire narrative: a ruler who neglects the affairs of the state, the well-being of his subjects for the sake of hunting, amusements and love affairs is worthy of condemnation. Spending his days hunting and his nights at feasts, Shah Bahram:

There are a huge number of ancient monuments in Bukhara. Each of them is valuable. Each one seems to breathe a breath of poetry. Each one seems to be a silent witness to what kind of people our ancestors were. The architectural monuments of Bukhara reflect the high intelligence of our ancestors. The Chor Minor ensemble in the city center is considered unique in the East. The Khoja Zayniddin and Baland mosques, and the Mir Arab madrasah are examples of high engineering, extraordinary art, and unparalleled beauty. You are certainly aware that for centuries the land of Uzbekistan has been one of the centers of the great and unique culture, science, and socio-economic development of the Muslim world. Ancient Uzbekistan, that is, the land of Movarunnahr, is a land of scholars and thinkers who made an unforgettable contribution to the development of the high culture and civilization of the Islamic world. Thanks to independence, large-scale landscaping work was carried out on the occasion of the anniversaries of Khoja Abdulkhaliq Gijduvani, Khoja Ali Romitani, Sayyid Amir Kulal, Bahauddin Naqshband, and Abu Havs Kabir Bukhari.

This article explores the role of lexical units related to colloquial speech in literary texts and their significance in achieving the author’s poetic objectives, illustrated through the works of Khayriddin Sulton.

The labor market plays a crucial role in ensuring workers’ rights, maintaining labor productivity, and strengthening economic stability. It represents a fundamental aspect of labor law, directly influencing economic efficiency, employee well-being, and overall social stability. To understand how the labor market functions, it is essential to examine the dynamics of supply and demand within it, as all outcomes are shaped by these components and their interactions. Labor is a form of human interaction through which individuals develop and grow as persons, and thus holds a leading place in the progress of society.

the present paper examines the initial poetic structures and eternal themes in Mikhail Lermontov's narrative strategy. In examining key works, we uncover how Lermontov's distinctive poetry technique overlaps with his narrative approach, revealing knowledge on the human condition, nature, and cosmic battles. Through a close analysis of thematic elements such as love, conflict, and quest for identity, we also study how Lermontov's innovative use of form makes his stories more emotionally resonant.

В статье  рассматриваются имена собственные как функционально-семантическая единица языка и речи. Систематизируются  знания о функциональном аспекте имени собственного  в языковой картине мира. Особое внимание уделяется отбору  имен собственных в различных художественных текстах с выяснением их лингвистической формы и предназначения.