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THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF
HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ASPECTS
Kuldashev Sherzod Alimardonovich
Sam is a rope. economy and shuttle Institute of Economics "Theory " Department
assistant professor etc. , PhD
Abstract:
This article examines the importance of the competitiveness of higher education
institutions in the market of educational services, the features and conditions of the formation of
competitiveness, the state of development of higher education institutions, the indicators of the
development of higher education institutions.
Key words:
higher education, educational services, competitiveness, innovation, corporate
cooperation, indicators and principles.
improving the quality of training highly qualified specialists in higher educational institutions
(HEIs) and achieving socio-economic efficiency, on the one hand, is related to the methods and
means of managing HEIs based on international experience, and on the other hand, it is directly
related to changes in the market conditions of educational services, the correspondence of supply
and demand in it, and the supply of qualified personnel to HEIs. In general, the market for
educational services reflects the system of socio-economic relations between producers of
educational services, their consumers and intermediaries in the production, exchange and
consumption of these services.
the economist DA Shevchenko, “the market for educational services is all potential consumers
who are able to enter into exchange relations with the seller and seek to satisfy their educational
needs
.” In this approach, the definition given to the category of the market for educational
services has a one-sided description. Since this definition does not describe the manifestation of
demand and supply for educational services and the mechanisms for the development and
regulation of this market. Also, it does not include entities that implement educational services.
The role of scientific and technical knowledge as a key factor in the development of the state of
education and social development is significant, which was clearly manifested in education, in
the reproduction of workers. This situation led to discussions among world scientists in the 60s-
70s of the 20th century about the role and place of the non-production sector at the
macroeconomic level. According to M.A. Lukashenko, “an educational product is a specific
economic benefit produced for exchange and satisfying the needs of subjects in education,
educational services are a set of purposeful activities between educational products in the form of
a product that satisfies the needs of subjects in education and leads to such activities”
"Educational services are the activities of educational institutions aimed at meeting the needs of
individuals and legal entities in acquiring the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities to engage
1
Shevchenko D. A. Marketing research of the educational services market in Russia // Marketing in Russia and
Abroad. 2013. No. 1. P. 25-32.
2
Lukashenko M.A., T.Yu. Dobrovolskaya . Digital corporate culture of an entrepreneurial university // Modern
competition. - M .: No. 4, 2020.
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in one or another type of professional activity, based on the achievements of modern science and
technology
. "
“Educational services are the process of forming various human abilities for labor, that is,
investment in human capital, which takes the form of complex benefits
.” The economic aspects
of the formation of educational services reflect only one side of this activity. The place of a
person in society directly depends on the effectiveness of educational services, which leads to an
increase in his intellectual potential and his manifestation as a capable member of society with
his place.
In the formation of social benefits, educational services can have internal and external effects
that arise directly through endogenous and exogenous factors. “The internal effect of the need for
educational services is that each person who increases his educational potential in a profession or
specialty receives a higher income compared to others, which allows him to increase the
individual return on education
.” The external effect is manifested through the development and
implementation of macro-level economic and management decisions, an increase in the volume
of gross domestic product, and an increase in labor efficiency and productivity.
“In developed countries, 60% of national income growth is determined by the growth of
education and knowledge in society. Economically, investments in education pay for themselves
in a very short time, and according to expert estimates, $ 1 in spending on the education system
provides $ 3-6 in income. In addition, according to some estimates, a 1% increase in spending on
education leads to an increase in the country's GDP by 0.35%, or an increase in the duration of
education by 1 year in developed countries leads to an increase in GDP by 5-15%. The
experience of developed countries shows that in order to ensure sustainable economic growth,
40-50% of the population must have higher education, and in a knowledge economy, the
contribution of people with higher education reaches 60%
. ”
According to OV Saginova, "the product of any educational institution is an educational program,
designed to meet the needs of professional training, education and retraining, that is, to achieve a
certain social effect (change in educational or professional level)
. "
According to AA Chensova, “educational product” is defined as the result of scientific and
pedagogical work, which in turn is a variety of scientific work. “Educational services, in turn, are
a variety of scientific work and are created in the process of scientific and pedagogical work. The
result of scientific work is a scientific product. The result of scientific and pedagogical work is
educational work - this is a part of the intellectual product adapted to the appropriate segment of
the educational service
.” In this process, the product obtained from education arises as a part of
the intellectual product, which corresponds to the appropriate segment of the educational
services market.
A.P. Pankrukhin noted that “the main feature of educational services is the creative cooperation
between the teacher and the listener. In the field of educational services, the identity of the client
is formed, he seeks to play an active role in the process of providing and producing educational
3
Zakharova I.V. Marketing in a modern university: research trends // Education in Russia. 2018. Vol. 27. No. 6. P.
20-30.
4
Maslov D.V. Educational services market: methodological aspects. Abstract of diss. candidate of economic
sciences / Yaroslavl. 2002.
5
ning-a-amiyati-va-tamoyillari/viewer
6
Higher education today. 2008. No. 8. Logos Publishing Group, 2008. - P. 5.
7
educational services market / www . marketologi.ru
8
Chentsov A.G. Elements of finitely additive measure theory. II. USTU-UPI, Ekaterinburg, 2010. – 215 p.
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services. It is also important that the provision of educational services, which implies a clear
expression of the openness of this field for personnel, information and other exchanges,
implements cooperation at the highest level and limits the competitive effectiveness of
educational service providers
. ”
According to O.A. Hashirov, “the market in the field of education is an integral part of the
market economy, performing the functions of regulating the supply and demand for educational
services. The essence of regulation is that at any given moment the quantity and quality of
educational services offered by educational institutions or the agreement of individual producers
on terms in accordance with the forms of ownership and the composition of individual
consumers”
As stated in Article 3 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education": education is a
systematic process aimed at providing learners with in-depth theoretical knowledge,
qualifications and practical skills, as well as at forming their general and professional knowledge,
qualifications and skills, and developing their abilities
.
Article 5 of this law states: The right to education guarantees equal rights to education to
everyone, regardless of gender, race, nationality, language, religion, social origin, beliefs,
personal and social status
. Accordingly, attention to education in Uzbekistan is aimed at
ensuring the implementation of goals at the state policy level as an important social task of socio-
economic development. In general, society interprets
the higher education system as an
important social institution that provides a number of opportunities for the social, cultural and
communicative development of both the individual and society as a whole, along with the means
of professional self-realization .
Research shows that a number of features of the formation of competitiveness in the
educational services market The development of public and private universities in the higher
education system formed with :
The characteristics of the services provided imply the formation of competitiveness,
depending on their quality, both for objective economic reasons and in view of the high social
importance of the higher education sector , the acceleration of the processes of integrating
innovative achievements of scientific research schools based on the development of integration
processes in the educational services market, and the standardization of qualification
requirements for the quality of education .
LIST OF REFERENCES USED:
1. Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to the Oliy Majlis
on January 24, 2020. // ―Xalq so'zi‖ newspaper. January 25, 2020. Issue 19. Pages 1-4.
2. Human Development . Textbook. Ifd, edited by Professor Q.X.Abdurakhmanov. – T.:
“Science and Technology” Publishing House , 2013. – 476 pages.
3. Pardaev M.K. et al. Educational services and improving their efficiency issues. Monograph. –
T.: ―Innovative Development Publishing House, 2020. – 200 p.
9
http://pankrukhin.ru/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Marketing_obrazovatelnueh_uslug.pdf
10
Khashirov O.A. Entrepreneurship in the service sector. - St. Petersburg UEIF, St. Petersburg, 2010, - P. 31-45.
11
Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education". 23.09.2020. No. УРК-637.
12
13
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4. Isroilov BI Issues of preventing corruption in the education system. // Problems of developing
the service sector in the context of an innovative and digital economy. (February 21-22, 2020)
Proceedings of the International IAK, Samarkand-Tambov, 2020. – pp. 183-186.
5. O'zbekistan Republics Presidents huzuridagi statistics agentligi stat.uz
