The article discussed scientific research and chemical control measures aimed at the spread of fungi belonging to the genus Rhizoctonia in cotton crops in the country. As a result of research, the main pathogens of root rot in cotton are Rhizoctonia solani, Thielariopsis basicola, Fuzarium spp, Pythium spp. The laws of distribution of fungi and phytopathological methods for their study are given.
Based on the research data, small, then enlarging and deepening spots appear at the root collar of the grass or at the top of the main root. The causative agent of this type is Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn, which lives in the soil belonging to the order Mycelia steria. immature fungi have been found to infect cotton grass mainly in the root zone or the upper part of the main root in the conditions of Tashkent region.
In the article discussed the fungal plant diseases detected in cotton crops in our country and biological control measures against them. Studies have shown that the main pathogens of root rot in cotton are microscopic fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Thielariopsis basicola, Fuzarium spp, Pythium spp. are included.
According to the study, in terms of damage caused by seedling diseases, on average for the last 3 years, 22.6% of the cotton crop that died the highest of all diseases was caused by seedling diseases. In the second place, verticillosis mortality was 19.23%, cos sack rot was 19.1% and the lowest fusarium wilt mortality was 7.48%.
Based on the data obtained, it was concluded that the development of root rot diseases in cotton is caused by low soil and air temperatures, deeper sowing of seeds than recommended, hardening, excess moisture, poor loosening of the soil, contamination with pathogenic fungi.
The author shows the clinical and statistical study of the impact of various risk factors (age, sex, bad habits, dietary treatment, occupational hazard) for the development of pathology gepatopankreatoduodenalnoy system, the gravity of the current.
There were investigated the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in the territory of Tashkent city. The analysis of the material on the primary registered cases for 2015-2019 years was carried out according to the Tashkent City Cancer Register - a 1257 cases of morbidity in 1215 patients. According to the results of the study, there were given comprehensive epidemiological characteristics of the BCC: age, sex, ethnicity, and stage systematization of the spread of the primary process. During the 5 years period under consideration there where prevalence of detection of the II stage of BCC. The article describes the characteristics of the histological picture, namely the results of the histological typing. The predominant histological type was determined - a solid variant of BCC, while the author indicates a high percentage of non-typed BCC.
Долзараблиги: Организмларни хар хил экстремал омиллар, шу жумладан ионлантирувчи нурлар таъсиридан сақлаш хозирги замон тиббиётининг энг долзарб муаммоларидан бири хисобланади. Бу сохада организмларни нурларнинг зарарли таъсиридан химоя қилувчи куплаб химиявий бирикмалар - радиопротекторлар, доривор моддалар яратилмоқда. Лекин халигача самарали, оптимал таъсир қилувчи моддалар яратилиши хал қилинган деб булмайди. Уларнинг купчилиги нурлар таъсиридан яхши сақлагани билан, организмнинг бошқа функцияларига зарар етказиш мумкин.
In the XVIIIs and XIX 60s, the city of Tashkent played an important role in the internal and organizational trade relations of the Central Asian khanates. Tashkent occupied a high position in a country with large and rich markets and a centralized transit country. In turn, Tashkent played an important role in the economic life of the cities of the Ferghana Valley. Between Kokand, Namangan, Margilan, Andijan, Khujand, Osh and Tashkent there were continuous trade caravans.
Early diagnosis of Myeloproliferative diseases (MPD) is one of the serious problems of oncohematological practice. MPD efers to multifactorial diseases, the development of which is influenced by both environmental factors and genetic predisposition. The study studied the association of the carriage of the genotype for the polymorphic marker encoding glycoprotein-P and the development of MPD. The homozygous T / T genotype of the rs1045642 polymorphism of the MDR1 gene is a significant determinant of the increased risk of developing MPD in Uzbekistan (P<0.05). Conclusion. Genotype association the rs1045642 polymorphism of the MDR1 gene is associated with the risk of developing MPD.
To Evaluate the effectiveness and safety of neuroaxial anesthesia for lower limb joint replacement in elderly and senile patients with a high comorbidity index and ASA class III and IV physical status.
Materials and Methods: The studies were carried out in a multidisciplinary TMA clinic in 40 geriatric patients with a comorbid background who were operated on under conditions of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. 29 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA), 11 - total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Inclusion criteria: elderly (65 to 75 years) and senile (76-90 years) age, and over 90 - long-livers, pain syndrome for more than one year, no contraindications for regional methods of anesthesia. For continuous monitoring of the vital functions of the patient, we used the "resuscitation-surgical" monitor YUM 300 (LLC "Company UTAS" Ukraine).
Conclusion: For elderly and senile patients with a high risk of comorbidity, the technique of unilateral spinal and epidural anesthesia with low doses of intrathecal local anesthetic (5 mg 0.5% hyperbaric solution of bupivacaine with 20 μg fentanyl) and additional administration of low doses of bupivacaine into the epidural space 7, 5 mg is a safe method of anesthesia and allows you to achieve the proper sensory - motor block, which is necessary for the replacement of the joints of the lower extremities.
This paper examines the impact of teleworking on employees’ labour productivity and the entity`s management in the condition of global pandemic Covid-19 in Uzbekistan. The epidemiological and dynamic nature of the Covid-19 crisis in which organizations have to adopt a work-from-home policy made this investigation very necessary. When the issue is explained more broadly, this empirical research investigates two significant aspects about teleworking process in organizations in the period of lockdown in Uzbekistan. First, teleworking positively affects employee’ labour productivity and the effectiveness of the entity, and the second teleworking complicates the management activities and affects negatively the socio-emotional environment in the work team. The objectives of the study are to identify whether the process of telework affects positively or negatively the organization’s current labour processes and propose multiple recommendations regarding to improve the telework mechanism for enabling prospective labour concerns in the human resources field of Uzbekistan. To achieve the objectives, a survey research design was adopted. The techniques employed in analyzing the data were quantitative methodology, descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results indicated that working from the home policy has a strong and positive relationship with employee’ labour productivity and the effectiveness of the entity if it is measured as a result-oriented rather than activity. It was also found that teleworking has a significant relationship with complicatedness of the management and it brings to the negative socio-emotional environment in the work team. Based on the findings, the researcher concluded that unexpected telecommuting in the period of Covid-19 has both negative and positive impact on employee performance and the entity`s management control.
To study the effectiveness of methods of care for the health status of small babies, 72 small babies were examined from birth to one year of age. The research methods included the types of anthropometric measurements (body weight and length, mass-height index - MRI). Physical and motor development indicators were evaluated according to WHO recommendations. When studying the effectiveness of the proposed methods for caring for small children, it was found that children who did not receive recommendations in full, lagged behind in physical and motor development, and were also more often susceptible to diseases such as acute respiratory infections, pneumonia, diarrhea, rickets and anemia
The relevance of CVD (Cerebrovascular Diseases), in particular strokes, is due to the high prevalence, disability and mortality.
The degree of medical, social, psychological rehabilitation of patients after Ischemic Stroke depends on the regression of the clinical picture and cerebral disintegration.
Objectives of the study: detection of the entire spectrum of clinical manifestations from examined patients, corresponding to damage to the structures of the brain supplied by the vessels of the Vertebrobasilar basin, the relationship with regression of the primary focus and the subtype of Ischemic Stroke, and determination of the presence of a statistically significant dependence of clinical manifestations on COPD.
To achieve the goal and solve the set tasks, 126 patients, 60 men and 66 women were examined in the recovery period of stroke in the in the vertebro-basillar system, at the age of 50-80. The Blindemark scale was used to assess the neurological status. To assess neuropsychological status, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Rankin scale were used, as well as for objectification of MRI data and Dopplerography.
Results of the study: In patients with Ischemic Stroke in the vertebro-basillar system, paresis and paralysis prevailed in the structure of clinical manifestations, 68 patients had them, which is 54%, 43.7% of patients had dysarthria, coordination disorders were observed in 48.4% of patients, 26.2% had vertigo, 24.6% had sensory impairments and 5.6% had neglect.
In patients with Ischemic Stroke in the vertebro-basillar system, a correlation was found between the scores of Renkin scale. Various pathogenetic subtypes of ischemic stroke in vertebro-basillar system were analyzed. They have a significant correlation between NIHSS scores at the time of hospitalization and at the end of rehabilitation. In patients with AT Ischemic Stroke in the vertebro-basillar system the incidence of oculomotor disorders is significantly lower. Based on the above mentioned, the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. A certain localization of the focus of ischemic stroke in the vertebra-basilar system is more likely to be characteristic of the corresponding stroke subtype.
2. The rate of reduction and reorganization of the focus does not depend on the stroke subtype, localization of the hearth, comorbidphone, rehabilitation methods and is proportional to the initial size of the heart attack site.
3. The degree of severity of COPD has a correlation with the blood flow indices of posterior cerebral arteries and vertebral arteries, as well as the asymmetry coefficient.
This article provides data on the main fungal diseases of dog rose in the conditions of the Tashkent Botanical Garden. The main diseases and their causative agents and signs of such diseases as rust, powdery mildew, gray rot and various spots have been studied.
The results of the study were used to develop measures to combat rosehip fungal diseases. To suppress the spread of rosehip spots, Previkur SL 722 c.c. preparations were used. at two consumption rates and Falcon 46% e. The biological effectiveness of the drugs used was studied. Thus, the maximum value was noted in the variant with Previkur SL 722 v.r.k. at a consumption rate of 1.5 kg / ha, which was 90.9% on day 15, and by 30 - 86.5%. For the fungicide Falcon 46% ae. (0.5 l / ha), biological efficiency was 78.2% on day 15 and 66.8% on day 30. Against powdery mildew, we used fungicides Ridomil Gold 68% w.g. at a consumption rate of 2.5 kg / ha and powder of ground sulfur (20 kg / ha). fungicide Ridomil Gold 68% w.dg, showed biological effectiveness on leaves on day 15 - 74.8%, on stems - 71.3%, however, these indicators on day 30 were 75.2% and 72.2%, respectively , on the 45th day the indicators decreased. In the case of sulfur, 20 kg / ha, the indicators were on the 15th day, on the leaves - 71.5%, on the stems 70.6%, on the 30th day - on the leaves 71.3% and on the stems 70.6%..
The hepatoprotective activity of Ferula asafoetida resin gum in comparison with legalon was investigated in paracetamol hepatitis experimentally. It has been established that the gum of Ferula asafoetida resin prevents the development of cholestatistic and cytolytic syndromes, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoproteinemia. In terms of its pharmacological activity, the gum of Ferula asafoetida resin is not inferior to legalon. Obtained results recommend further studies of the pharmacological properties of the gum resin of Ferula asafoetida and the development of its officinal drug form
Structural transformations in the economy of Uzbekistan require new approaches to the system of economic management. In the article, the authors define the main directions of the country's economic development in modern conditions and propose certain ways to form a new system of economic management. First of all, it emphasizes the need to form a flexible system of economic management, providing for the reduction of state interference in the activities of economic entities. It was determined that the second most important direction of economic development is poverty reduction and employment expansion.
As a key factor of reforms in the system of economic management, it is proposed to consider the institutional factors of market transformations and take into account their effect. At the same time, it is proposed not only to develop market management mechanisms, but also to define clear boundaries for the use of administrative instruments.
The importance of the country's main resource - accumulated human capital is especially emphasized. A number of measures are proposed to create a modern system for the reproduction of human capital
It was found that in many neurological diseases, cognitive impairment is a complication of the underlying disease. Cognitive impairment also leads to early disability in patients and negatively affects quality of life. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the development of dementia in patients with exercise that stimulates cognitive functions
Successful privatization of state property due to the investment attractiveness of the objects being implemented, as well as the general investment climate of the country and the level of development of the financial infrastructure. According to President’s Degree adopted 10.27.2020. № UP-6096 "On measures to accelerate the reform of enterprises with the participation of the state and the privatization of state assets", a new stage of privatization of state property began. A significant place in the privatization program is given to the restructuring of state property, improving the efficiency of managing state assets and bringing shares of Uzbek issuers to the world capital markets (IPO). The article examines the degree of influence of an effective corporate governance system and the level of capitalization of the national securities market, contributing to an increase in investment attractiveness and the most effective practical manifestation of the generic advantages of a joint-stock company, ensuring the achievement of the main goal of corporatization - attracting direct investment
The history of all societies is associated with human activity, his economic and cultural needs, therefore, activity and needs as vital qualities of people are widely reflected in their interaction with nature and the environment. In the process of labor and production, nature is the main object of human activity, and certain economic and cultural types have developed in different geographic conditions. This law of historical and cultural development is confirmed by the example of the history of the Bronze Age in Central Asia.
In the Bronze Age, among the population living on the territory of the steppes, the socio-economic system was preserved, characteristic of the tribal communities of cattle-breeding tribes, which were at the stage of decomposition of primitive communal relations. In Central Asia at this time, the process of allocation of historical and cultural regions and ethnic territories was noted.
This article is dedicated to analysis of features of historical and cultural development of Central Asian population in different geographical conditions. The main attention is paid to the fact that the history of economic-cultural types and their development is connected with geographical atmosphere.
This article analyzes the determinants of crimes in the field of information technology and security. Based on the study of foreign experience and scientific and theoretical views, the causes and conditions of cybercrime, the identity of the criminal were investigated. Based on the results of the analysis, relevant conclusions were drawn and proposals were developed.
The article is devoted to the problems of the development of Currently used antiretroviral therapy has made HIV infection a chronic controlled infection and has prolonged life and quality of life. However, any antiretroviral drug has side effects, although not on every patient and not always the same.
To assess the current state of the side effects problem of antiretroviral therapy in HIV - infected patients based on the analysis of literature data.
The following are data on the side effects of various groups of antiretroviral drugs used in the past and now, as well as some of their representatives. Antiretroviral drugs exhibit various side effects, in particular mitochondrial toxicity caused by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), causing a wide range of side effects such as lactic acidosis, hepatic steatosis, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, and possibly lipodystrophy syndrome. In general, integrase inhibitors are well tolerated and cause minimal drug interactions
The use of older antiretroviral drugs has been associated with a variety of side effects, which include lactic acidosis, hepatic steatosis, allergic reactions, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis and lipoatrophy.These side effects are less common with newer recommended ARVs. drugs. When treating, it is necessary to consider the likelihood of side effects and the possibility of their prevention.
The analysis of the condition of the internal organs in 17 patients with acute leukemia who died before treatment and at various stages of the antitumor cytostatic treatment was performed. In those cases when patients died before the start of cytostatic treatment, almost all internal organs had a specific lesion of blast cells, which was the cause of death in these patients. In patients who died in a state of myelotoxic aplasia of hematopoiesis, the cause of death was gross dystrophic changes in the internal organs, which led to multiple organ failure due to resistant sepsis.
The article provides a legal definition of a lease agreement on the basis of the norms of civil legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, considers the features of a financial lease agreement and the form of its conclusion; analyzed the essential terms of the lease agreement, as well as the rights and obligations of the parties - the lessor, the lessee and the seller. The issue of possible risks associated with the leased object is considered - the risk of accidental loss or secret damage to the leased property; risks associated with the insolvency of the seller or inconsistency of the leased asset with the purposes of its use. The relations on the cession by the lessor and the lessee of their rights to third parties have been determined. The responsibility of the parties under the lease agreement is considered. Proposals are formulated for improving civil legislation in the field of regulation of leasing relations.
This article reveals the application of the basics of rehabilitation in the criminal procedure, the correct interpretation of their essence by practical staff and, most importantly, the differences between these bases by revealing the essence of the basics of rehabilitation based on the analysis of existing regulations and judicial-investigation activities, as well as developed proposals and recommendations to improve the procedural order of acquittal of innocent persons and restoration of their violated rights are made.
The article also focuses on finding solutions, taking into account that judicial-investigation staff make various mistakes in distinguishing and applying the basics of rehabilitation in their activities, and that the theory of criminal procedural law is still controversial issue in this regard.
Олий таълим тизимида юқори малакали ва рақобатбардош кадрларни тайёрлаш бугунги куннинг энг муҳим вазифаларидан ҳисобланади. Мазкур вазифанинг нечоғлик самарали ҳал этилиши мамлакатимизда амалга ошириб борилаётган таълим соҳасидаги ислоҳотлар таълим-тарбия сифатининг юқори даражада бўлишини таъминлашга қаратилган бўлиб, Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президенти Ш.М.Мирзиёевнинг “Яна бир муаммони ҳал этиш ўта муҳим ҳисобланади: бу педагоглар ва профессор ўқитувчилар таркибининг профессионал даражаси, уларнинг махсус билимларидир. Бу борада таълим олиш, маънавий-маърифий камолот масалалари ва ҳақиқий қадриятларини шакллантириш жараёнларига фаол кўмак берадиган муҳитни яратиш зарур”. – деб айтган фикрларида акс этади. [3] Бўлажак муҳандисларнинг касбий компетентлигини ривожлантиришда муҳандислик ва компьютер графикаси фундаментал фан бўлиб, бу фан бўйича эгалланган билим ва малакалар асосида муҳандиснинг фазовий тасаввури, техник тафаккури ва ижодий қобилияти каби хислатлари ривожланади.