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METHODS OF TEACHING THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: TRADITIONAL AND
MODERN APPROACHES
Yusupova Nagima Tursbekovna
Teacher of the department "Philology and teaching languages",
“International school of finance technology and science” institute
Annotation:
Since learning foreign languages is becoming increasingly important today,
languages are taught not only in higher education institutions, schools, but also in preschool
institutions. This article examines the evolution of Russian language teaching methodologies,
contrasting traditional approaches with modern, innovative techniques. It explores the strengths
and weaknesses of each, highlighting the shift towards learner-centered and technology-
integrated methods. The article argues for a balanced approach, integrating the best of both
traditional and modern practices to enhance language acquisition effectiveness.
Key words:
Russian language teaching, methodology, traditional approaches, modern
approaches, technology integration, learner-centered, communicative competence, grammar-
translation, audio-lingual, communicative language teaching, task-based learning, "zigzag".
Introduction
Teaching Russian as a foreign language has undergone significant transformations over the
decades. Traditional methods, often rooted in grammar-translation and rote learning, have
gradually given way to more communicative and learner-centered approaches. This evolution
reflects a broader understanding of language acquisition, emphasizing the importance of practical
communication and real-world application. While traditional methods still hold value in certain
contexts, the integration of modern techniques, often facilitated by technology, has become
increasingly crucial for effective language instruction.
If lessons are not taught using unique and interesting methods, engaging students in the lesson
can become a bit of a difficult task. If lessons are taught using traditional methods and in an
interesting way, this will not only ensure the quality of the lesson, but also prevent boredom and
attract passive students to participate in the lesson.
Main Part
At the same time, pedagogical innovations are emerging that create opportunities for qualitative
changes in the methods of work related to pedagogical activity. All this leads to a complication
of the issues of pedagogical activity and its main component, the quality of education, and
creates a need for new, scientifically based methods of solving them.
It is impossible to imagine the improvement of the educational process without a teacher. The
teacher is both a subject and an organizer of the educational process. The effective course of the
process of continuous improvement depends to a certain extent on the content and methodology
of the education of teachers.
Thus, to increase student activity, the teacher must set a task for himself and strive to fulfill this
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task, using various types of modern technology to increase student activity. The following
methods can be used to increase student activity in Russian language lessons.
Creating a favorable environment for students to organize the lesson process well;
Allowing students to exchange ideas (information);
Demonstrating their knowledge to each other based on the information they have received;
Creating an environment where each student feels like the author of the educational
content is the basis for achieving full mastery of the educational content.
There are a number of interesting games in the process of teaching the Russian language. It is
worth noting that when teaching children a language, it is necessary to use such games in which
all students participate equally and learn something new from the lesson (for example, new
vocabulary can be memorized, if this process is repeated every day, the student's vocabulary will
increase to a high level). It is inappropriate to start the lesson with grammatical concepts for
students, especially younger students, as this will quickly bore them. As a result, interest in the
lesson may fade. Even the greeting process should be started with them in an unconventional
way, for example, starting the lesson with some kind of greeting song in English when the
teacher enters (this is mainly a motivational method for primary school students) is an effective
method. In this way, if the lesson continues, the students will not lose their attention to one task
during the lesson. They will even look forward to Russian lessons. Of course, all this should be
organized by the teacher, and this is the responsibility of the educator. Therefore, some types of
games can be introduced to make learning a foreign language interesting.
Traditional Approaches
Traditional methods, such as the grammar-translation method and the audio-lingual method,
dominated Russian language teaching for a considerable period. The grammar-translation
method focused on grammatical rules and translation exercises, prioritizing reading and writing
skills. While it fostered a strong understanding of grammatical structures, it often neglected oral
communication and practical application. The audio-lingual method, influenced by behaviorist
psychology, emphasized repetition and drills, aiming to develop automatic language responses.
Though effective in building pronunciation and basic fluency, it often lacked communicative
context and creativity.
№
Strengths of Traditional Approaches
Weaknesses of Traditional Approaches
1
Strong foundation in grammar: Provides
learners with a solid understanding of
grammatical rules.
Limited communicative competence: Lack
of emphasis on real-world communication.
2
Enhanced reading and writing skills: Focus
on written language develops literacy skills.
Reduced learner engagement: Rote learning
can be demotivating.
3
Disciplined
learning
environment:
Structured approach promotes focused
learning.
Little
room
for
creativity
and
personalization: Rigid structure limits
learner autonomy.
Table 1. Strengths and weaknesses of traditional approaches
Modern Approaches
Modern approaches, such as communicative language teaching (CLT) and task-based language
teaching (TBLT), prioritize communicative competence and real-world language use. CLT
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emphasizes interaction and meaning-making, using authentic materials and activities to engage
learners in meaningful communication. TBLT focuses on completing tasks that require learners
to use the target language in realistic scenarios. These approaches often incorporate technology,
providing access to diverse resources and interactive learning experiences.
<Zigzag» strategiyasi metodini ko'rib chiqamiz: Sinf o'quvchilari 7 ta guruhga bo'linadilar va
guruh nomlanadi. Guruhlarda yangi mavzu mohiyatini yorituvchi matn qismlarga ajratiladi va
ajratilgan qismlar mazmuni bilan tanishib chiqish vazifasi guruhlarga topshiriladi. O'quvchilar
matnlarni diqqat bilan o'rganadilar va gapirib beradilar. Vaqtni tejash maqsadida guruh a'zolari
orasidan liderlar belgilanadi va qayd etilgan vazifa ular tomonidan bajariladi. Liderlarning
fikrlari guruh a'zolari tomonidan to'ldirilishi mumkin. Barcha guruhlarning o'quvchilari o'zlariga
topshirilgan matn mazmuni xususida so'zlab berganlaridan so'ng, matnlar guruhlararo
almashtirilib, avvalgi faoliyat takrorlanadi. Guruhlarga bir necha matnlar taqdim etiladi. Shu
tarzda barcha matnlar mazmuni guruhlar tomonidan o'rganib chiqilgach o'quvchilar o'tilgan
mavzu bo'yicha asosiy tushunchalarni ajratadilar, ularning o'zaro mantiqiy bog'liqligini
aniqlaydilar, yuzaga kelgan g'oyalar asosida mavzuga oid sxema ishlab chiqiladi.
№
Strengths of Modern Approaches
Weaknesses of Modern Approaches
1
Enhanced communicative competence:
Focus on real-world communication
develops fluency and accuracy.
Potential
for
neglecting
grammatical
accuracy: Emphasis on fluency can
sometimes compromise accuracy.
2
Increased learner engagement: Interactive
activities and authentic materials motivate
learners.
Requires
significant
teacher
training:
Implementing these methods effectively
requires specialized training.
3
Fosters learner autonomy: Encourages self-
directed learning and critical thinking.
Dependence on technology can be limiting:
Access to technology may not be universal.
Table 2. Strengths and weaknesses of modern approaches
Integrating Traditional and Modern Approaches. The most effective approach to Russian
language teaching likely involves integrating the strengths of both traditional and modern
methodologies. A balanced approach can provide learners with a solid grammatical foundation
while simultaneously developing their communicative competence. For example, incorporating
grammar instruction within communicative activities can enhance both accuracy and fluency.
Similarly, using technology to provide personalized feedback and support can complement
traditional classroom instruction.
In the process of teaching Russian and other foreign languages, it is required to use advanced
pedagogical technologies, interactive, innovative methods, and communicative and information
tools. In our republic, new methods and requirements have been developed in accordance with
the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) for teaching a
foreign language and assessing the knowledge and skills of foreign language teachers. According
to them, textbooks have been created for students of general education schools, vocational
colleges, technical schools, and higher education students. A 50% bonus has been established for
the monthly salary of a teacher who has achieved the C1 level. In accordance with these
requirements, classrooms have been equipped with stands and new information and
communication technologies. The demand for learning a foreign language is also increasing day
by day. The subject of a foreign language is divided into four aspects (reading, writing, listening
comprehension, and speaking), and separate concepts and skills are given for each of them.
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Educational technology is the effective use of modern information technologies in the
educational process.
It also involves improving the quality and efficiency of education by introducing modern
innovative technologies into the educational process. In particular, there are several advantages
of using such information and communication technologies in learning a foreign language. The
role of modern technology in language learning and teaching is invaluable. The use of
technological tools is useful in every aspect of learning a foreign language (reading, writing,
listening comprehension and speaking). For example, for listening comprehension, this process
cannot be carried out without a computer, player, CD discs. Listening comprehension is one of
the most important parts of language learning. In this case, the student is required to pay
attention to the speaker's pronunciation, compliance with grammatical rules, vocabulary and its
meanings. When using modern technologies in the educational process, it is also an important
factor that students know information and communication technologies well and can use them.
One of the most effective ways to teach and learn a foreign language is through the use of
modern technologies. In this process, including using computers, the student can watch and listen
to videos, demonstrations, dialogues, movies or cartoons in a foreign language.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the landscape of Russian language teaching is constantly evolving. While
traditional methods still hold value, the integration of modern, learner-centered approaches is
essential for preparing learners for real-world communication. By embracing a balanced
approach that leverages the strengths of both traditional and modern techniques, educators can
create dynamic and effective learning experiences that empower learners to achieve fluency and
communicative competence in Russian. Further research should explore the optimal balance
between these approaches and investigate the effectiveness of specific blended methodologies in
diverse learning contexts.
Today, there are several different methods of innovative educational technologies. If a wide
range of methods are used to cover the topic in lessons, the effectiveness of the lesson will be
high and students' interest in the lesson will also be increased. It is intended to increase the
effectiveness of education by introducing innovations into the educational process and
implementing them. The use of various role-playing and action games in teaching foreign
language lessons will increase interest in both the lesson and language learning. By having
students work in pairs or small groups, it helps students communicate with others
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