53
It is noteworthy that most of the international terminology used in scientifically-technical
terminology, in particular in the field of computer science, is mastered by the English language through
the Russian language (intermediate language). Therefore, the Russian version of these terms is also
acceptable for our language.
Generally speaking, speaking from another language is caused by social necessity. In this case, a
new word or phrase that comes into being is not available in the mother tongue. Particular terms in the
field of computer science include computer, computer, convergence, converter, content, browser, web
design, web server, web service, dorvey, dorgen, driver, and special abbreviations, including letters,
marks and numbers:
CAS , RAM, C #, S ++, SOM +, i18n, I / O, 4G
.
There is a concept of «adaptation» and «assimilation» in the theory of vocabulary, and today the
computer terms themselves gradually pass through these processes. Most of these professions are
adapting to the phonetic structure of the Uzbek language. This adaptation process is being accomplished
by adapting the Uzbek language to the pronunciation norms, obtaining various grammatical formulas. A
compliment may also be adapted to the vocabulary process. For example,
код – кодлаш, шифр –
шифрлаш, дуплекс – дуплекслаш, мультиплекс – мультиплекслаш, обфуксация – обфуксациялаш,
скремблер – скремберлаш, тунелл – тунеллаш, зуммер – зуммерлаш
such as terminology and
terminology units that represent computer processes.
As mentioned above, the majority of computer terms are Russian, English, German, French, Italian
and other languages. Adaptation from the phonetic aspect to the structure of the native language is a
holcom computer in Western European languages.
We would like to recommend the introduction of computer terminology from Western European
languages in the context of international terminological units that meet the current Uzbek language'
spelling rules. For example, hypermedia, hypertext, hypercube, we think that these terms can be used in
any language without hypermedia, hypermedia, hypersubjects (hypermedia, hypermata, hyperkin) in the
verbal language (in the current Uzbek language). In our opinion, translation into this context will facilitate
the process of acquisition and understanding international terms.
In the future, we hope that specialists will develop new grammar rules on the basis of international
terminology graphics. In this case, it is quite possible that the alphabet will come up with many terms that
will have two variants.
During the formation of the Uzbek computer terminological systems, the number of foreign and
acquired terms has grown significantly. In particular, the impact of the introduction of computer
terminology is crucial. In particular, this can be observed in the terminology practice. So far, experts have
been able to see computer terminology units incorporated into sectorial dictionaries based on
terminology. Computer-based terminology, used independently in the composition of the terminology or
combination of vocabulary terminology, serves to express the concept of the field.
The sources of computerized terminology were studied in English, Uzbek languages and indicators
of computers were determined.
REFERENCES:
1. Палатов М.И. Семантическая структура интерлингвизмов греко-латинского происхождения в
современных европейских языках/ Опыт синхронно-сопоставительного исследования/: Автореф.
дис. ... канд. филол. наук. – Алма-Ата, 1970.
2. Дадабоев Х. Ҳозирги ўзбек тили қурилишида ўзбек тилининг ўрни// Тилшуносликнинг долзарб
масалалари. Республика илмий-назарий конференция материаллари. –Тошкент, 2015.
THE PROBLEM OF THE INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND
CULTURE
Sadullaeva A.N.
Assistant teacher, KarSU named after Berdakh
Nukus, Uzbekistan
tel: +9890 7091221
Abstract:
This article discusses the connection of language and culture with each other. The problem of
the interdependence between language and culture has been the subject of debate among many eminent
scholars: some say that language is related to culture as part of a whole, while others say that language is
only part of the whole as a form of cultural expression. Therefore, the article has been enriched by the
opinions of linguists around the world.
54
Key
words
: linguistics, linguoculturology, language, culture, ethnolinguistics, exchange, tradition,
nation, tool, cultural expression.
Today, one of the central issues in linguistics is the tool for exchanging information between
culture and language, the traditions that make up a nation, and people. That is why concepts such as
"language and culture", "language personality" are of special importance.
For many years, the problem of the interdependence between language and culture has been the
subject of debate among many eminent scholars: some say that language is related to culture as part of a
whole, while others say that language is only part of the whole as a form of cultural expression. In
particular, we can refer to the views of the founders of the American and Russian schools of
ethnolinguistics E. Sapir and N. Tolstoy.
According to E. Sapir, language does not exist outside of culture, that is, as a ―set of practical
skills and ideas that have become a social heritage that characterizes our way of life‖ [Sapir 1993: 185].
That is, as one of the types of human activity, language is an integral part of culture and is defined as the
sum of the results of human activity in various spheres of human life:
industrial, social, spiritual
.
However, language stands alongside culture as a form of existence of thought and, most importantly, as a
means of communication. If we look at language in terms of its structure, function, and ways of
assimilating it (local and foreign), the socio-cultural stratum or component of culture becomes part or
background of the language.
According to N.I. Tolstoy, language can be considered as an integral part of culture or a tool of
culture (it is not the same thing), especially when it comes to literary language or folklore language.
However, language is at the same time autonomous in relation to the whole culture, and it can be
considered separately from the culture (this is permanent) or as an equivalent in comparison with the
culture and through equal events‖ [Tolstoy 1995: 16].
According to Ter-Minasova, language is a powerful social tool that shapes the culture, traditions,
social self-awareness of a particular speech group, shaping the nation, shaping the flow of people to the
ethnic group [Ter-Minasova 2000].
It is well known that language is one of the most important national components of culture. First
of all, language contributes to the fact that culture can be both a means of communication and a means of
separating people. This means that speakers of a particular language are a sign of belonging to a particular
community.
In particular, language determines the nature of thinking, the way we know the world, and
influences human consciousness and behavior. Attitude to language as a cultural phenomenon, describing
it from these positions requires attention to the features of national mentality and their reflection in
vocabulary, phraseology, speech etiquette, moral concepts, the nature of the speech activity of the carrier
of a particular thing.
According to V.A. Maslova, linguistics is "a branch of linguistics that emerged at the crossroads
of linguistics and cultural studies" [Maslova 2001: 9]. In addition, ―Cultural Studies and Linguistics,
Ethnolinguistics and Cultural Anthropology is an integrated field of knowledge that incorporates the
results of scientific research‖ [Maslova 2001: 32].
V.N. Telia also considered this idea as a part of ethnolinguistics and described it in his scientific
work as ―a science devoted to the study and description of the synchronous interaction of language and
culture‖ [Telia 1996: 217–218].
According to V.V. Krasnyx, linguocultural studies is "a science that studies the manifestation,
reflection and fixation of culture in language and speech, and is directly related to the complex study of
the national landscape, linguistic consciousness, mental-lingual" [Krasnyx 2002: 12].
Theoretical and methodological concepts of linguocultural studies in modern linguistics are
described in detail in the monograph "Linguoculturology" by V.V.Vorobyov, the author describes
linguoculturalism in several ways [Vorobyev 2008: 32]:
1) the boundary between the sciences that study this synthesized type of science, culture and philology
(linguistics);
2) the main object of linguocultural studies - the study of the relationship and interaction of culture and
language in the process of functioning and the interpretation of this interaction in a single structural
integrity;
3) the subject of linguocultural studies - national forms of the existence of society, reproduced in the
system of linguistic communication and based on its cultural values, all that constitutes the "linguistic
landscape of the world";
4) linguocultural studies focuses on the new system of cultural values put forward by the new thinking,
the modern life of society, the full, objective interpretation of facts and events;
55
5) an objective, complete and holistic interpretation of folk culture requires from linguistics a systematic
description of folk culture in its language, their dialectical interaction and development.
We can summarize that, linguistics, which emerged at the crossroads of linguistics and cultural
studies, is a new philological science that studies the spiritual values and experiences of a certain
national-cultural community in a certain form. He studies the connection of the studied linguistic
expressions with the synchronously moving mentality of the people and emphasizes that they ensure the
fulfillment of educational and intellectual tasks of education [Vorobyev 1999: 77].
REFERENCES
:
1. Vorobyev
V.V. "Лингвокультурология в кругу других гуманитарных наук. ―
Русский язык за
рубежом
3‖ (1999): - C.
77.
2.
Vorobyev V.V. Лингвокультурология. – 2008: - C.
32.
3. Krasnyx V.V. Этнопсихолингвистика и лингвокультурология: курс лекций – М.: Гнозис, 2002. –
С. 12.
4. Maslova V.A. Лингвокультурология: Учеб. пособие для студ. высш. учеб. заведений – М.:
Академия, 2001. – C. 32.
5. Teliya V.N. Русская фразеология: Семантический, прагматический и лингвокультурологический
аспекты. – М.: Языки русской культуры, 1996: - C. 217–218.
6. Тer-Minasova S.G. Язык и межкультурная коммуникация: Учеб. пособие. М.: Слово/slovo, 2000:
- C. 624.
7.
Tolstoy N.I. Язык и народная культура: Очерки по славянской мифологии и этнолингвистике.
М.: Издательство "Индрик", 1995: - C.
16.
8. Sepir E. Избранные труды по языкознанию и культурологии. – М.: Универс, 1993: - C. 185.
9.
Nizamaddinovna S.A. Linguocultural Analysis of The Concept «Love» In the English Proverbs
//Eurasian Research Bulletin. – 2021. – Т. 1. – №. 1. – С. 66-68.
10.
Nizamaddinovna, S. A. (2021). Specific Expression of the Concept "Love" at the Level of Lexical
Units.
Journal of Ethics and Diversity in International Communication
,
1
(5), 49–53. Retrieved from
http://openaccessjournals.eu/index.php/jedic/article/view/374
11.
Sadullaeva Alfiya Nizamaddinovna. (2021). Linguocultural Analysis of The Concept «Love» In the
English
Proverbs.
Eurasian
Research
Bulletin
,
1
(1),
66–68.
Retrieved
from
https://www.geniusjournals.org/index.php/erb/article/view/67
MEANINGS OF NUMBERS IN ENGLISH CULTURE
Djoldasova G.B.
PhD, docent, KarSU named after Berdakh,
Nukus, Uzbekistan
Kaliknazarova Z.M.
MA. Student, KarSU named after Berdakh,
Nukus, Uzbekistan
Numbers are more than a convenient measure of the physical world. Numbers are not merely
quantitative, but also qualitative. Numbers have two distinct characteristics: they are concrete, and
associated with quantity; they are also non-concrete (abstract), implying a qualitative expression which
changes across cultural and historical contexts. In many traditions, numbers are linked with cosmic
principles that give order and structure to the universe, governing the movement of the moon and planets
as well as plant, animal, and human life. ―Numbers are seen as universal templates of creation, and
therefore as symbols of perfection and of the gods‖ [Fontana, 1994, p. 64].
Human beings have been fascinated with numerals, which are often used as symbols representing
certain ideas, and they appear in the folklore of every culture. Numbers have been imbued with complex
symbolism across different cultures since the earliest recorded events. The cultural acquisition of meaning
like this provides the potential for great variation internationally in the symbolism of numbers. This
potential of numerical symbolism is quite consistent worldwide. From mythology to astrology to religion,
numbers play a conspicuous role in our daily lives. Some non-concrete numbers can attain cross-cultural
recognition through the increasing frequency of cultural exchanges. The mystical numbers have been
considered feminine and masculine, holy and evil, auspicious and inauspicious. Number superstition is
often based on the traditional symbolism of numbers (such as sacred seven and unlucky thirteen).
1. All in one piece
Meaning: Safely
