ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
223
AUTOMATION SYSTEMS OF PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Muxiyatdinov Jamalatdin Asamatdin uli
2nd year master's student of Muhammad al-Khorazmi Tashkent
University of Information Technologies,
Faculty of "Computer Engineering" in computer systems design, Uzbekistan.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7912620
Abstract.
In this article, we will talk about automation systems of production processes and
their importance in the development of society.
Key words:
systems, processes, production, automation, level, mechanism.
СИСТЕМЫ АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
Аннотация.
В этой статье мы поговорим о системах автоматизации
производственных процессов и их значении в развитии общества.
Ключевые слова:
системы, процессы, производство, автоматизация, уровень,
механизм.
INTRODUCTION
Production automation — mechanized entrusting control and management work to
automatic devices; high level of mechanization. One of the main directions of science and
technology development: labor productivity, product quality, work culture, factors allows to raise
its indicators to a higher level. There are partial (local), gross (complex) and full automation stages.
In the stage of partial automation, adjustment of individual work types (liquid level height,
temperature, pressure, etc.) is automated. At the stage of gross automation, several partially
automated work types are interconnected at the department, workshop, enterprise scale.
MATERIALS AND DISCUSSION
Some automation tools have been around for a long time. However, such devices were
practically not used in small-scale craft fairs (until the 18th century). As a result of the
improvement of labor tools and equipment, the creation of new machines and mechanisms (19th
century) it size and level have changed dramatically.
This situation created the necessary conditions for the mechanization of production (for
example, in spinning, weaving, metal and wood processing enterprises). Since the invention of the
voltage regulator at the beginning of the 20th century, electricity from it used in; multi-operation
aggregate-machines and automatic lines are created. Automation concept appeared during this
period.
Automated control devices and mastering processes began simultaneously with the
establishment of heavy industry and machine-building (in the 1930s). Automated devices began
to be used in heavy, light and food industries, and transport automation became more sophisticated.
Automation labs were established in energy, metallurgy, chemistry, mechanical engineering,
utilities, scientific research institutes. 50's By the 1960s, automation was used in almost all
branches of the national economy.
Full automatic control of hydroelectric power units was switched over, water supply systems
and fields were automated. [3.21] The scientific basis of production automation has developed
mainly in three directions. First, effective methods of studying the laws, dynamics, stability and
influence of external factors of management objects were developed. Researchers, designers,
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
224
technologists solve these issues together. Secondly, the effectiveness of management methods, the
purpose of the management function was determined. Based on this, the decision-making rules for
management were defined. Thirdly, thorough, simple and effective engineering methods of
harmonizing the structure of automation tools that perform measurement, result processing and
control functions have been developed.
But work on improvement and development of production automation continues
continuously. In workshops, warehouses and other places of production, the compilation and
preliminary processing of information (information) is carried out by means of keyboard devices,
the collected information is transferred to processing. [4.109]
Sensors are used for automatic recording of information. Information transmission
equipment consists of signal converters, telemechanics equipment, signal distribution switches and
a section. Logical and mathematical information processing devices - functional converters that
change the character and form of signals, include devices (including computers) that process
information according to a given algorithm and it.
It includes information display devices (including computers) and the like. Information
display devices - signal boards, mnemonic schemes, spindle and digital tools, electron-beam tube,
letter and digital printing machines show the progress of production processes to the operator and
record important parameters. [3.62]
Devices that produce control effects convert weak information signals into strong pulses.
These impulses act on the actuators of protection, adjustment or control devices and activate them.
A set of information gathering and preliminary processing tools allows to automate the
management of national economic networks. [1.89]
In the automation of the management of production processes, control and adjustment
circuits, analytical techniques and software control systems that allow production to be carried out
in an optimal (optimal) mode are also very important. For example, in hydroelectric plants, the
water from the reservoir continuously passes through the turbines of the hydro aggregate.
Automatic adjusters adjust the number of revolutions of the turbines, the frequency and
voltage of the generated current, active (active) and reactive powers. Safety devices prevent
accidents. The auto operator starts and stops the units according to the schedule. The dispatcher of
the energy system controls the HPP remotely (from the central control panel) using a telemechanic
devices. Almost all hydroelectric power stations in Uzbekistan work in this order.
Thermal power plants are more difficult to manage. The "boiler-turbine-generator-
transformer" block with a capacity of several hundred MW consists of various aggregates. For
example, an 800 MW unit has about 1,000 control objects and about 1,300 controlled parameters.
One engineer-operator manages these objects and parameters with the help of an automatic control
system.
Chemical, petrochemical, gas and pharmaceutical industries with continuous technological
processes, water supply, sewage, etc. can also be automated. Along with the improvement of rock
crushing methods in mining, thermal, electric and acoustic crushing methods are being developed,
which allow for effective automation of this work; EHM (electronic calculator) and computers are
used in mines. [3.104]
Mineral processing processes in metallurgy are mainly carried out cyclically. During blast
furnace production, all key parameters are automatically measured and adjusted. EHM and
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
225
computers are used in the heating control system. Gas consumption in Marten ovens is
automatically adjusted.
In rolling mills, the main operation, operation of clamping devices and control of auxiliary
mechanisms are automated. With the help of computing machines, a system of cutting materials
without releasing them to waste is being used. I.ch.a is the basis of technical progress in modern
engineering. Along with automatic machines, multi-operation units, hydraulic, pneumatic, electric
or mixed control systems have been created and are being improved.
The universality of the machines is preserved even when the work cycle of the program-
controlled metalworking machines is fully automated. Automation of assembly processes is one
of the complex and urgent issues of mechanical engineering. It has great economic benefits. The
quality of assembled parts and components is automatically checked continuously during
assembly.
Nowadays, machine-building enterprises work at a rapid pace and that the produced products
can compete in the world market in order to ensure the effectiveness of technological methods,
equipment increasing their reliability and accuracy and on a large scale automation is important.
Improvement and creation of innovative ideas and technologies is one of the main tasks of today.
Nowadays, science and technology, rather, it is difficult to imagine the development of the entire
society without automation, because it is difficult to find any field where automated technologies
are not used difficult. [2.81]
Production industry activities of developed countries and in them control and management
of technological processes of modern scientific and technical development based on its
characteristics.
The concept of development of High productivity in all sectors of industry modern in
creating reliable, cost-effective technological equipment: One of the urgent problems is to ensure
the widespread use of technologies is considered one. In this regard, developed foreign countries,
that is USA, Germany, Japan, South Korea, China, Russia and others. Certain achievements have
been achieved in the countries, and production in them increase efficiency, ensure product quality
and competitiveness for management of technological processes in machine-building enterprises
and special attention is paid to automation.
Production of science and technology has continuously developed in recent years frequent
changes in the type of products in enterprises, production facilities changing and shortening the
period of mastering new types of products is coming This, in turn, is an automated technological
and assistant methods of designing and calculating equipment and their control systems requires
development.
CONCLUSION
The degree of automation of mechanical engineering today focused on the creation of
automated machine systems various stages of production - from preparation of it to collection
includes currents. In this case, the automation center is fully developed based on the transition
from production to serial production. This is it in turn, automation of auxiliary technological
processes and mechanization and economic, organizational and management system issues related
to finding a solution.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 5 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
226
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