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THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE CIRCLE
Aytakov Temur Muratbayevich
Republic of Karakalpakstan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14709936
Annotation: This article discusses the origin, history and development of the circle.
Keywords: music, circle, culture, technique, event.
The hoop is one of the ancient musical instruments of Central Asia. According to historical
sources, its origin dates back several thousand years. Researchers say that the first examples of the
hoop existed among the ancient Turkic and Persian peoples. Various forms of the hoop are also
found in the ancient legends and historical manuscripts of the peoples of Central Asia. In ancient
times, people used this instrument to express their feelings and used it in festive and war
ceremonies.
The hoop has always occupied a permanent place in Uzbek folk music culture. The skill of
hoop players was especially appreciated at various events such as weddings, holidays, and folk
festivals. The unique sound and strong rhythmic qualities of the hoop have always been
appreciated among the people.
Structure of the hoop
The hoop has a simple but unique structure. It consists of the main parts - the hoop ring
and the leather surface. The hoop ring is usually made of wood, and the surface is covered with
high-quality animal skin. Modern hoops use synthetic materials instead of leather, which helps to
improve the sound quality of the instrument. Metal rings are placed inside the hoop. These rings
help to produce different noises and rhythmic sounds when the hoop is played. Their number and
placement create different shapes of the instrument and also affect the style of playing. For
example, some hoops have more metal rings, which increases the ringing sound, while others have
fewer, which produces a much softer sound.
Methods of playing the hoop
The technique of playing the hoop is also unique and complex. It is mainly played by the
fingers of the right hand. The fingers are used to create different rhythms by hitting the surface of
the hoop with different forces and speeds. The art of playing the hoop is taught by master hoop
players. They can captivate listeners with their skills.
2025
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One of the playing methods is the “catching” technique, in which a soft sound is obtained by lightly
hitting the surface of the hoop with the fingers. In addition, there is a “pressing” method, in which
the fingers hit the surface of the hoop harder, creating a strong and lively rhythm.
During the playing of the hoop, various rhythmic sequences characteristic of Uzbek folk
songs are performed. For example, in such famous folk songs as “Sarvinoz” and “Lazgi”, the role
of the hoop is very large, and through them the lively feeling of the melodies increases.
The role of the hoop in folk culture
The hoop is of particular importance among Uzbek folk musical instruments. Its sound
captivates the hearts of listeners and reflects the spiritual world of the Uzbek people. At weddings
and holidays, as well as at folk festivals, the doira is used as the main instrument. The doira has a
unifying force among the people, and the melodies performed on it reflect the lifestyle, traditions
and values of the Uzbek people.
The doira is an integral part of Uzbek folk music ensembles. In the ensemble, it is used
together with other instruments, giving each of them its own rhythmic additions. Often, the doira
is played together with instruments such as clappers, flutes, and trumpets, making folk music lively
and vibrant. The doira is still appreciated today. It is used not only at traditional events, but also
in modern musical genres. Young performers are experimenting with new rhythms and techniques
using the doira. This further enriches the art of the doira and increases its popularity among the
new generation.
Conclusion
The doira is an integral part of Uzbek folk music. Its uniqueness and rich rhythmic
capabilities distinguish it from other instruments. The doira reflects the spirit, culture and historical
memory of the Uzbek people. This instrument is not just a musical instrument, but also an
expression of the joys and sorrows, love and aspirations of the people. Therefore, the doira has
always been close to the hearts of the Uzbek people and remains their cultural heritage.
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