Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная
лингвистика
и
лингводидактика
–
Foreign
Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Journal home page:
https://inscience.uz/index.php/foreign-linguistics
The methods and requirements of teaching simultaneous
translation in an international scope
Sukhrob
ERKINOV
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received January 2024
Received in revised form
10 January 2024
Accepted 25 February 2024
Available online
25 May 2024
The approaches and requirements of teaching simultaneous
translation have an essential role in being aware of today’s
global methods of learning. Methods in learning can improve
the link between students and teachers and help to use the
language in practice. There are several ways of teaching
simultaneous translation to the students and each approach can
positively to the student’s progress. These approaches are used
internationally around the world and even today many
scientists are working on discovering new ways to teach
effectively this type of translation as it is becoming an integral
part of our developed world and so many organizations or
political parties feel the need for simultaneous translation
services. In this article, the concept of teaching simultaneous
translation, its peculiarities, and scientific research in this field
will be discussed.
2181-3663
/©
2024 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-3701-vol2-iss2-pp15-20
This is an open-access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru
Keywords:
target languages,
typology,
mentoring,
oral expression,
training,
proficiency.
Xalqaro miqyosda sinxron tarjimaga o
‘
qitish talablari
va uslublari
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
manba tillari,
tipologiya,
o‘qitish jarayoni,
yozma ifoda,
оg‘zaki ifoda,
mashg‘ulotlar,
natijadorlik.
Bugungi kunda sinxron tarjimaga o‘qitishning turli xil usul va
talablari mavjud. Bu uslublar o‘qituvchi va talaba o‘rtasida
vosita bo‘lib xizmat qiladi va o‘z bilimlarini amalyotda
qo‘llashga yordam beradi. Sinxron tarjimani o‘qitishning bir
qancha usullari bo‘lib, ularning barchasi o‘rganuvchining bilim
ko‘nikmasini oshirishga yordam beradi. Bu usullar dunyo
1
Dean, Faculty of English Philology and Translation Studies, Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages.
2
Student, Faculty of English Philology and Translation Studies, Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages.
E-mail: marjonasaidova72@gmail.com
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
16
miqyosida qo‘llanilib kelinmoqda, bugungi kunda ham ko‘plab
olimlar shu sohada ilmiy izlanishlar olib bormoqda va
tarjimaning bu turiga ehtiyoj kundan kun o‘sib bormoqda.
Требования и методы обучения синхронному переводу
на международном уровне
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
целевые языки,
типология,
процесс обучения,
письменное выражение,
устное выражение,
тренировки,
квалификация
.
В настоящее время существует множество методов и
требований к обучению синхронному переводу. Эти
методы служат средством обмена знаниями между
преподавателями и учащимися, способствуя применению
полученных знаний на практике. Существует несколько
методов обучения синхронному переводу, которые все
направлены на расширение кругозора студентов. Эти
методы широко используются во всем мире, и многие
ученые продолжают проводить научные исследования в
этой области, поскольку потребность в таких переводчиках
растет с
каждым днем.
INTRODUCTION
In teaching simultaneous translation practical exercises and cooperative teaching
methods are important. These methods can create an opportunity to learn language
through practical ways and also theory. In that way students improve their translation
ability and communicate with each other through these methods. Practical exercises play
an important role in motivating learners and give a chance to learn how to try during the
process of simultaneous translation. Cooperative teaching method, as well, gives
opportunity to the learners to share their opinions and learn from each other’s mistakes.
These methods support students both physically and mentally and help them to learn
translation in so many languages. In simultaneous translation, translators should be
aware of the connection between words and in that case the teacher need to organize a
proper exercise for students in order to create a real situation for them. These exercises
can include a team up works which allow learners to work with each other and discuss
some problems and difficulties that come across in the synchronic communication among
different languages and also practical translation of real-time events that occur in daily
life. In addition to these, there are some requirements for teaching simultaneous
translation in classes. First of all, proficiency in both source and target languages is
required from translators. They also should have strong listening and comprehension
skills and train their memory retention regularly. To be specialist of the field of
translation the following functions are also important:
✓
Familiarity with specialized words and terminology in different areas
(translating some words which used only one field like law or medicine can pose some
difficulties since they only belong to one field and instructors should impart this
knowledge)
✓
Practice with note-taking techniques
(interpretation requires taking note to
help translators keep key points in their mind and maintain accuracy)
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
17
✓
To know the cultural nuances and context
(to convey a proper meaning,
knowing cultural nuances should be grasped by translators)
✓
Training in voice modulation and delivery
(the tone and the emphasis should
be conveyed in the right way improving communication effectiveness)
✓
Being able to use technology and specialized equipment
(in modern
simultaneous translation understanding the usage of technology and translation
equipment is crucial and requires knowledgeable educators to instruct)
✓
Instruction on managing stress and maintaining focus during intense
cognitive tasks
(translating a speech at the same time as listening can be stressful and
mentally taxing. But training in stress management is the first key to maintaining focus
and accuracy under pressure)
✓
Regular practice and feedback to improve fluency and proficiency
(translators need to have regular feedback and practice to improve their weaknesses and
skills).
The requirements for teaching simultaneous translation are multifaceted and
demanding. An expert in teaching this kind of translation should have strong knowledge of
both source and target languages, advanced interpreting skills and techniques, aware of
modern technologies in this field, cultural awareness, and pedagogical experience.
Furthermore, a comprehensive curriculum, practical exercises, and practice opportunities,
and continuous feedback are crucial for enhancing proficiency in this difficult skill.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
There have been many researches related to teaching simultaneous translation
and found some effective ways to teach this subject. Instructors can use different
methods based on the weaknesses of would-be translators. For example, they use
cooperative methods and, in this method, the teacher gives a text from the book that has
been translated into another language. Students should translate this text by themselves
and then compare it with other’s
translations. Then other student can share their
opinions about translation. In the method called “communication and regular practice
,
”
students should read an article on one particular topic and the teacher organizes some
practical work for them to explain the main idea, its purpose, and ongoing situations.
Many scientists are using different ways to prepare students in the field of simultaneous
translation around the world. Noam Chomsky, Mona Baker, Franz Pochhacker, and Karl-
Heinz Gottert did some research on the methodology of teaching simultaneous
translation and contributed to improving the field of translation. According to the article
by Svitlana Amelina, Rostyslav Tarasenko, Serhiy Semerikov, Vasyl Shynkaruk, and Jan
Capek when we consider the professional training of prospective interpreters, certain
attention needs to be given to the psychological model of interpretation, and according to
C. Chabasse it would be very simplistic to describe simultaneous interpretation as the
direct verbal transmission of oral information from the source language to the target
language [14]. Simultaneous interpreting necessitates more than just basic multitasking
capabilities, as highlighted by G. Watts.[6] Interpreters must consciously employ specific
strategies, maintain initial control over their speech, and actively listen to their output.
Moreover, mastering the equipment in the booth, such as headsets and microphones, is
crucial for accurate lexical, grammatical, and phonetic oversight to prevent interpretation
errors. [5. P. 79], [8]. A. Chmiel and S. Ghiselli emphasize the vital role of motivation and
repetitive practice in honing the specialized skills required for simultaneous
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
18
interpretation. Tailoring the frequency and types of exercises based on student needs, as
well as soliciting feedback, are essential components of effective training.[9],[10] B.
Moser-Mercer advocates for adapting interpreter training to encompass the evolving
demands of the 21st century, emphasizing the integration of skills relevant to modern
technological advancements.
In parallel, several researchers delve into the cognitive processes involved in
simultaneous interpretation [11]. F. Ibanez advocates for specialized cognitive training,
advocating for interpreters to maintain cognitive fitness through memory exercises and
breathing techniques [13]. Recognizing the significance of training, the European
Commission offers a dedicated resource for interpreter education, comprising training
exercises, theoretical resources, and multimedia materials to enhance interpreter skills
and proficiency.
RESULTS
In teaching simultaneous translation practical exercises and cooperative teaching
methods prove that these techniques are considered as effective way for the following
reasons:
▪
Learning through practical exercises- students translate some texts from their
languages into a second language and they can gain an understanding the use of some
words in the text. These exercises motivate students and help to improve their
translation skills.
▪
Preparing mentally and physically
–
practical exercises support students to be
prepared both mentally and physically and then they will be able to solve real problems
in their life and will be ready to how to behave themselves during translation.
Other useful methods for teaching simultaneous interpretation are:
▪
Frequent practical exercises. Providing students with frequent translation
exercises helps students develop their practice quickly such as giving short translation
exercises or tasks after each lesson.
▪
Interactive lessons. Lessons give students the opportunity to interact, talk and
discuss translation practices with other students.
▪
Mentoring. Mentoring students helps in personal development of students.
The mentor should help them to better understand and advice their translation priorities.
▪
Creating a translation team. Creating a team to actively participate students in
simultaneous translation processes provides an opportunity for students to provide each
other with additional tutorials, consult, and perform mastered exercises.
▪
Professional internships. Organizations of internships for students in the field of
simultaneous translation allow students to deal with real-life translation work and give
them a handful of experience in the field [15].
Scientists working on teaching simultaneous translation could achieve improved
language processing capabilities, more efficient communication across language barriers,
and advancements in machine learning algorithms for real-time translation.
DISCUSSION
Professional simultaneous interpreters need to possess strong language skills and
sensitivity, including mastery of both their native language and English. Additionally,
they must exhibit curiosity, a desire for exploration, and a keen attention to detail to
accurately grasp and convey the essence of the conversation. Concentration is crucial
during interpretation to avoid being distracted and ensure accuracy. Given the rapid pace
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
19
and real-time nature of simultaneous interpretation, interpreters must have a solid
linguistic foundation and exceptional flexibility to convey messages promptly and avoid
disrupting the flow of the conference. Successful interpreters also excel in oral
expression and linguistic organization, maintaining a speaking speed of around
250 words per minute while ensuring clarity, coherence, and accuracy in their delivery
[17]. Professional training is essential to meet the demands of simultaneous
interpretation, with emphasis on authenticity, logical presentation, and clear articulation
of content. A typical simultaneous interpretation team comprises 2-3 members, with
each interpreter taking turns for approximately twenty minutes during interpretation
sessions. Therefore, seamless cooperation and a harmonious work environment among
team members are crucial for ensuring the smooth flow of the entire interpretation
process. To foster team awareness, the following steps can be taken: Firstly, organizing
the workload and content based on each interpreter's strengths to fully leverage their
advantages. Secondly, prioritizing preparatory tasks is a critical aspect. This involves
thorough communication with the interpretation team in advance to allow ample
preparation time, thus ensuring efficiency during interpretation sessions. Lastly, during
each interpretation exchange, interpreters not actively interpreting should support their
teammates by assisting with tasks such as minimizing external disruptions and recording
conference proceedings.
CONCLUSION
When teaching simultaneous translation, it's crucial to incorporate practical
exercises and cooperative teaching methods. These approaches offer opportunities for
students to learn both language theory and practical application, thereby enhancing their
translation skills and facilitating communication. Practical exercises serve to motivate
learners and help them navigate the complexities of simultaneous translation, while
cooperative teaching encourages the sharing of ideas and learning from mistakes. These
methods provide support to students both physically and mentally, fostering proficiency
in multiple languages. Additionally, instructors must emphasize the connection between
words and organize exercises that simulate real-world scenarios, such as teamwork
activities and real-time translation of daily events. Proficiency in both source and target
languages, along with strong listening, comprehension, and memory retention skills, are
essential for successful simultaneous translation.
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Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
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Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
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2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
20
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