Torsion and necrosis of the omentum strand is a casuistic disease and occurs in 0.06% – 0.14% of all urgent surgical pathologies in the abdominal organs. Taking into account the rare occurrence and the absence of a characteristic symptoms complex in the torsion of the omentum strand the preoperative diagnosis is correctly established in single cases. The etiology of the development of this pathology remains amystery in modern medicine and attracts more interest in itself due to the difficulty in diagnosis namely in the preoperative period. There are predisposing factors (adhesions in the abdominal cavity, ventral hernia, obesity, chronic inflammation of the abdominal organs) and producing factors (physical activity, eating a large amount of food, a sharp increase in intra-abdominal pressure or sudden contraction of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall). Most often, the clinic of torsion of the omentum strand simulates such abdominal pathologies as acute appendicitis, acute intestinal obstruction of adhesive etiology, acute cholecystitis. Over the past decade, minimally
invasive surgery has become widespread, in particular laparoscopic surgery, as a
multi-port and single-port. The article highlights the difficulties of preoperative
diagnostics, the role of laparoscopy in differential diagnostics and the features of the
clinical course of torsion and necrosis of the fatty structures of the abdominal cavity
Minimally invasive surgical interventions are widely used both in planned surgery and urgent surgery. To date, the share of acute intestinal obstruction in emergency abdominal surgery accounts for about 10% of all diseases of abdominal cavity. The use of video laparoscopy in acute adhesive intestinal obstruction contributes to early recovery of intestinal motor function, early activation of patient and reduction in bed-days.