For the modern textile industry, one of the characteristic trends remains the desire to
increase the productivity of technological machines by increasing speed, which sets the task
of reducing the cost of electricity in pneumatic mechanical spinning, the successful solution
of which requires systematizing the accumulated information on new methods of shaping
yarn and structures of shaping and twisting devices to clarify a number of problems in the
development of the yarn forming method.
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of key quality indicators for spun yarns, focusing on yarns with a linear density of T=20 (Ne=30) tex produced on both simple and compact ring spinning machines. Through the utilization of optical instrumentation, various parameters including relative breaking strength (Rkm), strength, elongation at break (E %), and hairiness (H %) were meticulously examined to evaluate yarn quality. The study delves into the assessment of yarn unevenness (CV %) as a crucial quality metric, aiming to provide insights into the deformation characteristics of spun yarns. By employing advanced optical techniques, such as high-resolution imaging and precise measurements, the deformation behaviour of yarns under different spinning conditions is elucidated. The findings shed light on the influence of spinning machine type on yarn quality parameters, revealing nuanced differences in strength, elongation, and hairiness between simple and compact spinning processes. Additionally, the analysis highlights the correlation between yarn deformation and overall yarn quality, emphasizing the significance of understanding deformation mechanisms in optimizing textile manufacturing processes. Through a rigorous examination of these quality indicators, this research contributes valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of spun yarn deformation and its implications for textile production. The utilization of optical instrumentation offers a novel approach to visualize and quantify yarn deformation, providing a deeper understanding of the factors influencing yarn quality and performance in industrial settings.
This article discusses the analysis of indicators for the detection of waste in the production of cotton yarn. Indicators for analysis and research were used to determine the properties of fibrous wastes. The results of HVI-1000 equipment were analyzed to determine the quality of toll waste. The amount of fiber suitable for spinning from fiber wastes has been determined. The analysis of the theory of fibrous wastes formed during spinning of cotton yarn in the recycling system is shown.
The purpose of the transfer process is to improve the quality of the units by accurately transmitting the movement of the nodes in the spinning of fibres, reducing the cost of production, increasing productivity, and extending the life of the equipment. The essence of extending the operating time of the equipment is to increase the speed of movement of the spinning fibres' efficient use of time and labour in their production.
In the spinning process, spinning machines have improved the stretching tool, reducing their
unevenness by straightening and parallelism of fiber ends, reducing the number of yarn breaks in the
production of quality textile and knitted fabrics, a sharp increase in labor productivity, reducing
production costs, other economic indicators.
Light industry is an important sector of the economy in Uzbekistan, and its market has a unique marketing environment. There are about 10,000 large and small enterprises, as well as more than 400 joint ventures in the textile, spinning, sewing, knitting, footwear and silk industries. The network employs 150,000 people.
This article analyzes the indicators in determining the quality of cotton fiber in the production of cotton yarn. For the analysis and research, we used the characteristics of the fiber of the selection cotton varieties, which differ sharply in terms of indicators. The system calibration procedure is used to determine the fiber quality. Differences in fiber performance in equipment have been found to affect the quality of yarn in spinning mills. An analysis of the theory of factors influencing tissue virility is presented. It is shown that the differential equations of the yarn, in which the law of deformation of linear and nonholonomic bonds remains linear, are nonlinear.
In the research work, it was proved that the silk yield depends on the hybrid, weight, hardness, size and thickness of the cocoon shell of the silkworm.
At the same time, it has been studied that the initial processing modes of the cocoon, storage, sorting, evaporation of the cocoons and spinning of the cocoons have a great impact on the output of raw silk. The thickest part of the cocoons is the waist, which varies from 0,14 mm to 0,45 mm. These figures also indicate the anisotropy of the cocoon shell. In order to reduce the anisotropy of the cocoons, we found a noionogenic SАM to obtain the solution and process the cocoons. We prepared different concentrations from the obtained SАM and studied their absorption into the cocoon shell. As a result, in the study, it was found that the cocoons were treated with a 0,1% SAM solution to determine the wetting and permeability properties, which improved the yield of raw silk. As a result of cocoon processing, the output of raw silk increased by 4.36% compared to control, the output of silk increased by 3,37%, and the output of cocoon skin decreased by 2,27%. The specific consumption of cocoons was 2,76 kg.
The article discusses the influence of the finishing process on the physical and mechanical properties
of twisted yarn. The results of applied studies were analysed, and the resulting samples were analysed
by constructing correlation coefficients of variation by strength and tensile strength. Based on the
analysis, optimal options are proposed.
The article presents and discusses the results of determining the diameter of the sampling drum on
the basis of theoretical research and substantiating the rational parameters of the system for hanging
the fibers of the discrete drum headset in the sampling zone of the pneumatic mechanical spinning
machine. The forces of interaction between the garniture teeth and the fibers were studied, and the
effect of the sampling process on the productivity and quality parameters of the fibers was analyzed.
Based on the research, graphical connections were obtained, these graphs were analyzed, and optimal
parameters were determined. The results of theoretical studies on the determination of the diameter
of sampled drum and justify the rational parameters of the system.
The article develops an algorithm for assessing the bending resistance of yarns of suit embroidered fabrics, on the basis of which the theory of displacement of cross-sections of the free part of the yarn is determined experimentally by the bending stiffness of Arqaq yarns with different weaving and fiber content. The reasons for the appearance of various irregularities on the surface of the suit are shown. It was found that the properties of Tanda and Arqaq yarns depend on the natural properties of the fibers, their length, the technological properties given during the spinning process.
The results of determining the strength of granules, hygroscopic point, sorption kinetics of water vapor and sorption moisture capacity of NS-fertilizers obtained by mixing melt ammonium nitrate with powdered natural gypsum (PG) and (NH4)2SO4.
The article presents the results of analyzes to study the possibility of extracting valuable components from industrial waste from non-ferrous metallurgy. Of particular interest for the production of new types of products, in particular lead and additional extraction of precious metals (gold, silver), are the fine converter dust of the copper smelting plant of Almalyk MMC, the accumulation of which necessitated the search for technical solutions for their processing. Dust captured in electrostatic precipitators mainly contains metal sulphates, which violate the autogenousness of the melt and contribute to a decrease in the process temperature.