ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK /
ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ
2017,
№
4
91
IDIROV ULUGBEK
Professor, TSIOS
NAZAROV ALISHER
Researcher, TSIOS
Modern reforms in the PRC: strengthening
the foundations of political development
Abstract.
The article is dedicated to analysis the essential tendencies of modern poli-
tical reforms in the People’s Republic of China, as well as features of modernization of
China’s political system, its economic and foreign policy aspects.
Keywords and expressions:
political reform, China's development, governance, con-
sultative democracy, political system.
Аннотация
.
Мазкур
илмий
мақолада
Хитой
Халқ
Республикасидаги
замонавий
сиёсий
ислоҳотларнинг
асосий
тенденциялари
ҳамда
Хитой
сиёсий
тизимини
мо
-
дернизация
қилишнинг
ўзига
хос
хусусиятлари
,
унинг
иқтисодий
ва
ташқи
сиёсий
жиҳатлари
таҳлил
қилинган
.
Таянч
сўз
ва
иборалар
:
сиёсий
ислоҳот
,
Хитойнинг
ривожланиши
,
бошқарув
,
консультатив
демократия
,
сиёсий
тизим
.
Аннотация
.
В
данной
научной
статье
анализируются
основные
тенденции
сов
-
ременных
политических
реформ
в
Китайской
Народной
Республике
,
а
также
осо
-
бенности
модернизации
политической
системы
Китая
,
ее
экономические
и
внеш
-
неполитические
аспекты
.
Опорные
слова
и
выражения
:
политическая
реформа
,
развитие
Китая
,
управле
-
ние
,
консультативная
демократия
,
политическая
система
.
China, as a large modern state, is steadily gaining new heights in its deve-
lopment. Since the beginning of the century, annual growth rates of the country
"GDP is in the range of 7.8–14.2%. According to the results of 2010, China be-
came the second world economy, and in 2012 it became the largest trading power,
for the first time ahead of the US in this indicator"
1
.
Undoubtedly, China's development in terms of speed and volume has no
analogues in the modern world. Therefore, this country does not cease to amaze
the world community with its achievements in various spheres of human life.
Thanks to which, to date, China has become one of the world leaders, has
become an active participant in global processes. There are different opinions on
this issue in the world expert community. But most of them focused on the
political components of the prerequisites. We are talking about effective political
reforms that have begun to open fabulous opportunities for large-scale, all-round
development of the country, that is, the basis for these achievements is the con-
stant and systematic improvement of public administration.
1
Leksyutina J. China in BRICS: motivation for participation // World Economy and International
Relations, 2014,
№
4. – P. 81.
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As is known, "in the political sphere, China has made decisive progress: inner-
party rotation of leaders every ten years to avoid political stagnation, the openness
of immigration and emigration policies, freedom of polemic, political discourse
and a variety of positions in the media. A number of documents and political sta-
tements following the Eighth Congress of the Communist Party of China, held in
November 2012, outlined the steps for further reform of the party and political
reform of the country: they are talking about reform of party oversight mecha-
nisms, increasing transparency of offices, strengthening principles of law and
order and the fight against corruption"
1
.
In this regard, it should be specially noted that in the improvement of the state
foundations and public administration in the PRC, the development of democratic
norms, in particular, in the transparency of the implementation of state adminis-
tration, was of paramount importance. In May 2008, the most important document
of the State Council of the People's Republic of China was adopted, entitled "Re-
solution on the opening of state information of the People's Republic of China."
The issues of increasing transparency were central to the policy documents
adopted at the Third Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPC in November
2013, entitled "The decision of the CPC Central Committee to deepen the course
of reforms and other important issues"
1
.
It should be specially noted that the document uses two terms: "transparent"
and "open".
In general, speaking about the basic principles of improving the political system
of the PRC, the head of state Xi Jinping noted: "The advancement of the moderni-
zation of the system of public administration and management capabilities boils down
to adapting to the changes occurring in our era, not only to reform those institutions
and mechanisms, laws and other normative legal acts that do not meet the require-
ments of the development of practice, but introduces new institutions and mecha-
nisms, new laws and regulations, making all institutions more scientific and perfect ...
to transform all of our institutional advantages into the effectiveness of state mana-
gement, and in general to raise the level of scientific management, democratic mana-
gement and administration of the law by the party"
2
.
It should be emphasized that in the resolution of the Central Committee of the
CPC concerning some important issues of comprehensive deepening of reforms,
in particular, the leading role is assigned to the tasks of forming and developing
advisory democracy. As Chen Yansin, representative of the Institute for the Study
of the Problems of Contemporary China at the University of Nankai, noted, "de-
1
Smirnova L. Fighting corruption and political reform in China: international experience and the
Chinese model // International life, 2014,
№
8. – P. 63–64.
1
Xinhua News Agency, 2015, 15 November. // http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2013
–
11/15/e118164235.htm.
2
Xi Jinping. About public administration. – Beijing: Literature Publishing House in Foreign
Languages, 2014. – P. 129–130.
ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK /
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mocracy means the power of the people, that is, what we usually formulate as a
people - a full-fledged master of the country. Consultative democracy implies a
mechanism for holding consultations between different actors to reach common
agreement and make decisions on important issues in order to implement the
people of power in the country"
1
.
Therefore, at present, the development of the mechanism of advisory democ-
racy has become an important factor in modernizing the system of public ad-
ministration in the PRC. Also, the implementation of open, transparent political
reforms within the framework of advisory democracy development to date, the
political system of the PRC operates in the following priority areas:
– strengthening the responsibility of the government by increasing the open-
ness of public administration;
– Strengthening of the protection of citizens' rights based on the improvement
and development of the rule of law, the legislative system;
– Increasing the level of political participation of citizens, reviving political
discourse.
It is in these areas that political reforms are being implemented in China today,
which in turn contribute to the further development of the economic, social and
other spheres of society. This suggests that in modern China, a unique, own way
of political development has formed, which is far from the old dogmatic postu-
lates of the communist worldview.
As Xi Jinping noted, "We need to firmly adhere to the strategic idea that
development is an immutable law of things and phenomena. The central link must
be seen in economic construction ... deepen reforms, improve the policy of open-
ness, stimulate scientific development and thereby continuously strengthen the
material and cultural basis for the implementation of the Chinese dream"
2
.
It should be noted that on the basis of the essential tendencies of political
reforms, diplomacy and China's foreign policy are also renewed. As Foreign
Minister Wang Y noted: "Chinese diplomacy will have two priority areas. First, it
will work more actively to deepen the reforms in the country, strengthen friendly
relations with all countries of the world, especially with neighboring countries.
Secondly, it is more active to play its role as a big responsible country. China will
adhere to a fair path in international contacts"
3
.
As you know, the Boas economic forum, which took place in March 2015,
was great importance in the development of China's political, as well as social and
economic reforms. In the forum, new strategic ideas were put forward on the basis
of adjusting and updating the PRC's foreign policy principles. The main new
element of China's foreign policy strategy is the task of actively influencing the
development of the global economy for the next decades of the century.
1
Wang Yan, Ji Jing. A special form of democracy // China, 2015, No. 3. – P. 22.
2
Xi Jinping. About public administration. – Beijing: Literature Publishing House in Foreign
Languages, 2014. – P. 55.
3
Yu Shanshan Enhancing the activity of China's diplomacy in 2014 // China, 2014,
№
4. – P. 20.
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One of the main directions in this area is "Restructuring the world infrastruc-
ture of economic development by actively promoting the strategy of the silk road
or in another reading
–
the strategy "One way
–
one belt" in the sense of the belt of
economic growth"
1
.
We should pay special attention to the fact that strategic partnership and
friendly relations between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the People's Republic
of China are developing successfully in line with modern principles of internatio-
nal relations. Currently, in our country there are more than 700 companies and
enterprises with the participation of Chinese capital.
"At the end of 2016, the volume of mutual trade amounted to 4.2 billion
dollars. In the Chinese market, there is a huge demand for textile, agricultural
products, plastic products produced in Uzbekistan and many others.
The People's Republic of China is actively involved in implementing programs
to modernize and diversify the economy of Uzbekistan"
2
.
The basis for the beginning of a new stage in the development of
comprehensive cooperation between the two countries was the state visit of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to the People's
Republic of China, which was held on May 11
–
13, 2017. Within the framework of
the state visit of the President of our country, more than 100 contracts were signed
for 23 billion dollars.
"The issues of further development of economic and cultural cooperation were
discussed in detail at the talks. Following the talks, Shavkat Mirziyoyev and Xi
Jinping signed a joint statement between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the
People's Republic of China"
1
.
The state visit of the President of our country was continued by another very im-
portant political event. The head of our state took part in the international forum "One
belt
–
one way" on May 14
–
15, 2017 in Beijing and made a report. "The head of our
state stressed the importance of this forum, its further improvement and development"
2
.
It should be specially noted that the visit of the President of our country to
China served as the most important political basis for the activation and develop-
ment of political, economic partnership and friendly dialogue between the two
countries.
1
Mikheev V., Lukonin S. China after Boao – 2015 // World economy and international relations,
2015.
№
8. – P. 61.
2
See the People's word. May 13, 2017-N95 (6759).
1
See the People's word. May 13, 2017-N95 (6759).
2
The same source.
