420
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
MAHMUDXO‘JA BEHBUDIY – MILLATNING O‘Z TAQDIRINI ANGLASHIDA
YORQIN YULDUZ VA MILLIY UYG‘ONISH DAVRINING RAMZI
Yuldosheva Feruza Yashin qizi
Osiyo Xalqaro Universiteti o’qituvchisi
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14647230
Annotatsiya. Mazkur maqola Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiyning millat taqdirini anglash va
uning taraqqiyot yo‘lidagi xizmatlariga bag‘ishlangan. Muallif Behbudiyning ma’rifatparvarlik
faoliyati, mustaqil fikrlash va millatni uyg‘otishga qaratilgan sa’y-harakatlarini tahlil qiladi.
Maqolada Behbudiyning “Millatni ma’rifat qutqaradi” degan g‘oyasi asosida olib borgan
ishlariga e’tibor qaratiladi. Shuningdek, uning jurnalistika, dramaturgiya va ta’lim sohalaridagi
mehnati, milliy o‘zlikni shakllantirishdagi o‘rni yoritib berilgan. Maqola Behbudiyning hayoti va
faoliyatiga chuqur nazar tashlab, uning o‘z davrida yorqin yulduz bo‘lib porlaganini ta’kidlaydi.
Bu mavzu milliy tarixni anglash va bugungi kunda ham dolzarbligini saqlab qolayotgan ma’naviy
qadriyatlar haqida fikr yuritishga undaydi.
Kalitsoʻzlar: milliy uyg’onish davri, marifatparvar, Mahmudxo’ja Behbudiy.
МАХМУДХОДЖА БЕХБУДИЙ — ЯРКАЯ ЗВЕЗДА В ПОНИМАНИИ НАРОДОМ
СВОЕЙ СУДЬБЫ И СИМВОЛ ЭПОХИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ВОЗРОЖДЕНИЯ
Аннотация. Данная статья посвящена вкладу Махмудходжа Бехбуди в понимание
судьбы нации и ее развития. Автор анализирует просветительскую деятельность
Бехбуди, его независимое мышление и усилия по пробуждению нации. В статье
рассматривается творчество Бехбуди, основанное на идее о том, что «Просвещение
спасет нацию». Также освещается его деятельность в области журналистики,
драматургии и образования, а также его роль в формировании национальной
идентичности. В статье подробно рассматривается жизнь и творчество Бехбуди,
подчеркивается, что он был яркой звездой своего времени. Эта тема способствует
пониманию национальной истории и размышлениям о духовных ценностях, которые
остаются актуальными и сегодня.
Ключевые слова: национальное возрождение, просветитель, Махмудходж
Бехбудий.
MAHMUDKHODJA BEHBUDIY IS A SHINING STAR IN THE NATION'S
UNDERSTANDING OF ITS DESTINY AND A SYMBOL OF THE ERA OF NATIONAL
REVIVAL.
Abstract. This article is dedicated to the contribution of Mahmudkhoj Behbudi to the
understanding of the fate of the nation and its development. The author analyzes Behbudi's
421
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
educational activities, independent thinking, and efforts to awaken the nation. The article focuses
on Behbudi's work based on the idea that "Enlightenment saves the nation." It also highlights his
work in the fields of journalism, dramaturgy, and education, and his role in the formation of
national identity. The article takes a deep look at Behbudi's life and work, emphasizing that he
shone like a bright star in his time. This topic encourages us to understand national history and
reflect on spiritual values that remain relevant today.
Key words: national revival, enlightener, Mahmudkhoj Behbudiy.
Mahmudxo’ja Behbudiy uyg’onish davri o’zbek adabiyotida birinchi o’rinni olishga loyiq
zotdir.
Xoja Muin ibn Shukrullo
Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy (1875–1919) – o‘zbek milliy uyg‘onish davrining yirik
namoyandasi, ma’rifatparvar, jurnalist, dramaturg, yozuvchi va noshir. U xalq ma’rifati va
madaniyatini rivojlantirish yo‘lida ulkan hissa qo‘shgan shaxs sifatida tanilgan. Behbudiy o‘zining
nodir asarlari, ma’rifiy islohotlari va ijtimoiy faoliyati bilan o‘zbek adabiyoti va madaniyatida
o‘chmas iz qoldirgan. Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy 1875-yilda Samarqandda ziyoli oilada tug‘ilgan.
Yoshligidan ilmga qiziqib, o‘sha davrdagi madrasa ta’limini olgan. Ammo an’anaviy ta’lim
tizimining kamchiliklarini tushunib, zamonaviy ta’limni joriy etish g‘oyasini ilgari surgan. Shu
maqsadda Behbudiy yangi usul maktablarini tashkil qilishga kirishgan va xalqni savodsizlikdan
qutqarish uchun astoydil harakat qilgan
.
1
Behbudiy nafaqat ma’rifatchi, balki birinchi o‘zbek dramaturgi sifatida ham tanilgan.
Uning 1911-yilda yozilgan “Padarkush” asari o‘zbek teatrining rivojida muhim rol
o‘ynagan. Ushbu drama ijtimoiy muammolarni yoritib, xalqni adolat, ma’rifat va milliy
uyg‘onishga chaqirgan
2
.Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy o‘z davrining yirik jurnalistlaridan biri edi. U
1913-yilda “Samarqand” gazetasini nashr etishni boshlagan. Bu gazeta xalqni ma’rifatlantirish,
siyosiy va ijtimoiy masalalar bo‘yicha xabardor qilishda muhim rol o‘ynagan. Behbudiy
gazetalarda yozgan maqolalari orqali xalqni mustamlakachilikka qarshi kurashga va milliy birlikka
chaqirgan.
3
Behbudiy xalq ma’rifatiga katta ahamiyat bergan. U yangi usul maktablarini tashkil etib,
dunyoviy fanlarni o‘rgatishga katta e’tibor qaratgan. Bu maktablarda matematika, geografiya,
tarix, tabiiy fanlar kabi zamonaviy fanlar o‘qitilgan. Behbudiyning bu sa’y-harakatlari natijasida
o‘zbek xalqining ma’rifat darajasi oshib, milliy uyg‘onish jarayoni jadallashgan.
1
Usmonov Q., O‘zbek ma’rifatchilari, Toshkent: Fan, 2004
2
Saidov M., Jadid adabiyoti va ma’rifati tarixi, Toshkent: Sharq, 2005
3
Vohidov R., O‘zbek matbuotining shakllanishi, Toshkent: O‘qituvchi, 1998
422
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
Bugungi kunda Behbudiy o‘zbek ma’rifati va adabiyoti tarixidagi buyuk shaxs sifatida
hurmat bilan yodga olinadi. O‘zbekistonning ko‘plab maktablari, ko‘chalari va madaniy ob’ektlari
uning nomi bilan atalgan. Uning merosi bugungi kunda ham yosh avlod uchun ibrat va ilhom
manbai bo‘lib xizmat qilmoqda .Behbudiya kutubxonasi — o‘zbek ma’rifatparvar va jadid adibi
Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy nomi bilan bog‘liq muhim ma’naviy va ilmiy maskanlardan biridir. Bu
kutubxona xalq ma’rifatini yuksaltirish, kitobxonlik madaniyatini targ‘ib qilish va yosh avlodni
bilimli qilish maqsadida tashkil etilgan.
4
Behbudiya kutubxonasi o‘z nomini o‘zbek xalqining buyuk jadid arbobi, ma’rifatparvar va
dramaturgi Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiyning boy ilmiy-ma’naviy merosidan oladi. Behbudiy XIX asr
oxiri va XX asr boshlarida o‘zbek millatini zamonaviy bilimlar bilan qurollantirishni o‘z oldiga
maqsad qilgan va kutubxonalar tashkil qilish, darsliklar yozish orqali xalqni savodxon qilishga
katta hissa qo‘shgan.
Behbudiya kutubxonasining asosiy maqsadi:Yosh avlodga zamonaviy bilimlar berish,
kitobxonlik madaniyatini shakllantirish, mahalliy va xalqaro ilmiy-ommabop adabiyotlarni taqdim
etish, O‘zbekiston madaniy merosini saqlash va targ‘ib qilishga xizmat qiladi. O‘zbek adabiyoti,
tarix, tilshunoslik va san’atga oid asarlar,
Dunyoviy fanlar bo‘yicha ilmiy-ommabop kitoblar, elektron kutubxona xizmatlari va
raqamli resurslar mavjud.
Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiyning kutubxonachilik sohasidagi o‘rni
Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy kutubxona ishini rivojlantirish orqali millatni madaniy-ma’naviy
yuksaltirishning muhim vositasi deb bilgan. U o‘z asarlarida kitob va bilimga bo‘lgan hurmatni
targ‘ib qilgan. Behbudiya kutubxonasi uning ma’naviy g‘oyalari davomchisi sifatida faoliyat
yuritmoqda.
Behbudiya kutubxonasi nafaqat kitob o‘qish joyi, balki yoshlar va ziyolilar uchun ilhom
manbai, ma’rifat chashmasidir. Bu kutubxona o‘zining boy fondi va zamonaviy imkoniyatlari
bilan xalqimizning ma’naviy-ma’rifiy hayotida alohida o‘rin tutadi. Behbudiyning merosini
saqlash va avlodlarga yetkazish yo‘lida bu maskan katta xizmat ko‘rsatmoqda.
REFERENCES
1.
Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy. "Turkiston jadidlari ma’rifat yo‘lida." Toshkent: O‘zbekiston
Milliy Ensiklopediyasi, 2002.
2.
Rasulov, Sh. "Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy hayoti va ijodi." Toshkent: Fan, 1998.
3.
Qosimov, B. "Jadidlar harakati tarixi." Toshkent: Sharq nashriyoti, 2005.
4
Islomov Z., Behbudiyning hayoti va faoliyati, Toshkent: Ma’naviyat, 1995.
423
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
4.
O‘zbekiston Milliy kutubxonasi. "Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy va kutubxonachilik." Elektron
resurslar (www.natlib.uz), 2023.
5.
Naimov, A. "O‘zbek ma’rifatchiligi va uning asoschilari." Toshkent: Akademnashr, 2010.
6.
Behbudiyning ilmiy va publitsistik maqolalari to‘plami. Toshkent: Ma’naviyat nashriyoti,
1996.
7.
Haqqulov, M. Y. O. G. L. (2022). Markaziy Osiyoda ilk diplomatik munosabatlar tarixi.
Science and Education, 3(10), 385-389.
8.
Yunusovich, H. M. (2024). Experiences Related to the Fine Fiber Cotton of Uzbekistan
during the Years of Soviet Authority. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INNOVATION IN
NONFORMAL EDUCATION, 4(9), 129-132.
9.
Yunusovich, H. M. (2024). The Formation, Development and Role of the High Seljuk
Empire Founded by the Turkic Peoples in the Islamic World. Miasto Przyszłości, 53, 956-
959.
10.
Haqqulov, M. (2024). O ‘RTA OSIYO XALQLARINING OZODLIK ORZUSI BO
‘LGAN “TURKISTON MUXTORIYATI”. Modern Science and Research, 3(12), 609-
613.
11.
Ярашова, М. . (2024). ЖАҲОН ЭТНОЛОГИЯСИ ФАНИ ВА УНИ ЎҚИТИШНИНГ
ЗАМОНАВИЙ МЕТОДОЛОГИЯСИ.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(10), 362–368.
Retrieved from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/44901
12.
Ярашова, М. (2024). БУХОРО ВОҲАСИДА МАТО ВА МАТО ТАЙЁРЛАШ
УСУЛЛАРИ.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(11), 782–787. Retrieved from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/48057
13.
Yarashova Mohlaroyim Shuhratovna. (2024). Muyiddin Ibn Arabiyning Tasavvuf
Ta’limotida Tahsil Olgan Ayol Ustozlari Va Ta’lim Bergan Ayol Shogirdlari.
Miasto
Przyszłości
,
52
,
622–625.
Retrieved
from
https://miastoprzyszlosci.com.pl/index.php/mp/article/view/4679
14.
Yarashova, M. (2024). ILK O’RTA ASR MANBALARIDA KIYIM-KECHAKLAR VA
ULAR BILAN BOG’LIQ ATAMALAR TAVSIFI.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(12),
621–632.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-
15.
Рахмонова, С. (2024). HARMONY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING. Журнал
универсальных научных исследований, 2(5), 366-375.
16.
Ramatov, J., Hasanov, M., & Rahmonova, S. (2024). TA’LIM TIZIMI
MODERNIZATSIYALASHUVINING IJTIMOIY-FALSAFIY ASOSLARI. Oriental
renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences, 4(8), 160-172.
424
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
17.
Rаhmоnоvа, S. S. Q. (2024). О‘ZBЕKISTОNDА АMАLGА ОSHIRILGАN
MА’NАVIY-MАDАNIY
ISLОHОTLАR
DINАMIKАSI
VА
АSОSIY
YО‘NАLISHLАRI.
International scientific journal of Biruni
,
3
(2), 95-104.
18.
Rahmonova Sanoat Shuhrat qizi. (2024). SPIRITUAL AND EDUCATIONAL
REFORMS
ARE
THE
FOUNDATION
OF
A
NEW
UZBEKISTAN.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14503228
19.
Sadullayev , U. . (2024). MAHALLA: UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT. Medicine,
Pedagogy and Technology: Theory and Practice, 2(4), 376–385.
20.
Sadullaev , U. . (2024). USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION.
Medicine, Pedagogy and Technology: Theory and Practice, 2(5), 344–352.
21.
Sadullaev, U. (2024). EDUCATION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A NEW
ERA OF OPPORTUNITY. Medicine, Pedagogy and Technology: Theory and Practice,
2(6), 238–241.
22.
Shokir o’g’li, S. U. (2024). Media literacy is a requirement of the modern world.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INNOVATION IN NONFORMAL EDUCATION, 4(3),
276-280.
23.
Shokir o’g’li, S. U. (2024). Media literacy is a requirement of the modern world.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INNOVATION IN NONFORMAL EDUCATION, 4(3),
276-280.
24.
Yuldosheva, F.. (2024). MIRZO ULUG’BEK KUTUBXONASI VA BUGUNGI
TAQDIRI.
Modern
Science
and
Research
,
3
(12),
741–749.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/-research/article/view/58564
25.
Yuldosheva , F. . (2024). BOLA TUG’ILISHI BILAN BOG’LIQ MAROSIMLAR
O’ZBEK XALQI HAYOTINING AJRALMAS QISMI SIFATIDA.
Modern Science and
Research
,
3
(11), 788–791. Retrieved from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-
26.
Yuldosheva , F. Y. qizi. (2023). LEV NIKOLAYEVICH GUMILYOVNING “QADIMGI
TURKLAR” ASARIDA KOʻKTURKLAR YODGORLIKLARI XUSUSIDA.
GOLDEN
BRAIN
,
1
(16),
338–342.
Retrieved
from
https://researchedu.org/index.php//article/view/3908
27.
Toshpo‘latova, S., Gadayeva, M., & Sadullayev, U. (2024). SHARQ
ALLOMALARINING
DIDAKTIK
QARASHLARI.
Modern
Science
and
Research
,
3
(12), 985-993.
425
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
28.
Toshpo'latova
Shaxnoza
Shuhratovna.
(2024).
ILK
UYG'ONISH
DAVRI
NAMOYONDALARNING DIDAKTIK QARASHLARI ASOSIDA O'QUVCHILARNI
TARIX FANIGA QIZIQTIRIS METODIKASI.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14520996
29.
Toshpo’latova,
S.
(2024).
TARIX
FANINI
O’QITISHDA
SAMARALI
METODLAR.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(11), 774-782.
30.
Тошполатова, Ш. (2024). THE PRESENT IRANIANS.
Журнал универсальных
научных исследований
,
2
(5), 453-462.
31.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2024). BUXORODAGI SAROYLAR.
Modern Science and
Research
,
3
(5), 522-529.
32.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2024). O’RTA ASRLARDA OILA PEDAGOGIKASIGA OID
FIKRLAR.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(12), 353-361.
33.
Toshpo’latova, S., & Xudoyqulov, S. (2024). History And Ethnology Of Olot
District.
Modern Science And Research
,
3
(5), 148-151.
34.
Toshpo’latova, S., & Jo’rayeva, M. (2024). HISTORY AND ARCHITECTURAL
MONUMENTS OF JONDOR DISTRICT.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(2), 447-450.
35.
Qizi, R. S. S., Shukhratovna, T. S., & Karamatovna, M. A. (2024). Implementation of
Education and Protection of Children's Rights in the age of Technology.
SPAST
Reports
,
1
(7).
36.
Shuhratovna, T. S. (2024). Linguistic Anthropology.
European Journal Of Innovation In
Nonformal Education
,
4
(3), 432-437.
37.
Toshpo‘latova, S. S., & Naimov, I. N. (2023). MS ANDREYEV–O’RTA OSIYO
XALQLARI ETNOGRAFIYASINING YIRIK OLIMI.
Innovations in Technology and
Science Education
,
2
(8), 1214-1222.
38.
Toshpo’latova, S., & Tursuntoshova, S. (2024). Khoja Abdulkholiq Gijduvani.
Modern
Science and Research
,
3
(2), 87-93.
39.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2024). Ethnolinguistics Of Ethnologies Of Bukhara.
Modern Science
and Research
,
3
(2), 1004-1011.
40.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2024). Ethnolinguistics.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(2), 500-507.
41.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2024). Religious Anthropology.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(1),
504-510.
42.
Shakhnoza Shuhratovna, T. (2023). MS Andreyev’S Way Of Life.
American Journal of
Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
,
1
(10), 655-659.
43.
Shuhratovna, T. S. (2023). Ethnological Analysis Of National Costumes And Rituals Of
Tajiks In The Works Of MS Andreyev.
International Journal Of History And Political
Sciences
,
3
(12), 42-47.
426
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
44.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2023). MS Andreyev-Scientific Career.
Modern Science and
Research
,
2
(12), 801-807.
45.
Shuhratovna, T. S. (2023). Etymology Of Tajik Marriage Ceremony.
International
Journal Of History And Political Sciences
,
3
(11), 17-23.
46.
Toshpo’latova, S., & Ashurova, G. (2023). THE HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF
THE WORK OF MS ANDREYEV-" ARK BUKHARI".
Modern Science and
Research
,
2
(9), 404-409.
47.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2023). ETHNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CALENDRICAL
CALCULATION AND LENGTH MEASUREMENTS OF KHUF VALLEY TAJIKS IN
THE RESEARCHES OF MS ANDREYEV.
Modern Science and Research
,
2
(10), 291-
299.
48.
Toshpo’latova, S. (2023). A STUDY OF THE WEDDING CEREMONY OF THE
TAJIKS OF AFGHANISTAN.
Modern Science and Research
,
2
(9), 84-89.
49.
Naimov, I., & Toshpo‘latova, S. (2023). Marriage Ceremony Of Tajiks In The Work Of
Mikhail Stepanovich Andreyev “Tadjiki Dolini Khuf”.
International Journal of
Intellectual Cultural Heritage
,
3
(1), 12-16.
50.
Toshpo‘latova, S. S. (2023). Tojiklar Milliy Kiyim-Kechaklari Va “Beshmorak”
Marosimining Etnologik Tahlili.
Scholar
,
1
(28), 395-401.
51.
Muxamedovna, G. M. (2024). Millatimiz Faxri-Buxoro Ma’rifatparvari.
Miasto
Przyszłości
,
52
, 557-562.
52.
Muxamedovna, G. M. (2024). PARANJI TARIXI, YOXUD O'RTA ASR
AYOLLARINING KIYIMI HAQIDA.
53.
Muxamedovna, G. M. (2024). TA’LIM SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISHDA
AXBOROT KOMMUNIKATSIYA TEXNOLOGIYALARINING O ‘RNI.
TA'LIM VA
RIVOJLANISH TAHLILI ONLAYN ILMIY JURNALI
,
4
(5), 97-102.
54.
Mukhamedovna, G. M. (2024). The Sad Fate Of The Women Of Turkistan: About The
“Hujum” Movement And Its Impacts On Agriculture.
SPAST Reports
,
1
(7).
55.
Muxamedovna, G. M. (2023). MAKTABLARDA TARIX FANINI O'QITISH
AHAMIYATI.
Научный Фокус
,
1
(5), 178-180.
56.
Muxamedovna, G. M. (2023). TARIX FANINI O'QITISHDA INNOVATSION
TEXNOLOGIYALARDAN
FOYDALANISHNING
AHAMIYATI.
Научный
Фокус
,
1
(5), 175-177.
57.
Gadayeva, M., & Ismoilova, Z. (2024). The Importance Of Studying The Science Of
Youth Psychology In Improving People'S Lives.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(2), 676-
683.
427
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 1
58.
Gadayeva, M., & Hamroqulova, N. (2024). The Basis Of The Use Of Development-
Pedagogical Skills In Pedagogical Activity.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(2), 684-689.
59.
Gadayeva, M. (2024). ABOUT THE HISTORY OF THE VEIL OR MEDIEVAL
WOMEN'S DRESS.
Modern Science and Research
,
3
(2), 1097-1103.
60.
Gadayeva, M. (2023). THE UNIQUE SIGNIFICANCE OF MASTERING SOCIAL
SCIENCES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW UZBEKISTAN.
Modern
Science and Research
,
2
(10), 459-464.
61.
Universiteti, G. M. M. O. X. (2023). Uchinchi Renesans Davrida Ajdodlarimiz Merosini
Organish Orqali Integratsion Ta’Limni Yanada Takomillashtirish Tamoyillari: Часть 1
Том 1 Июль 2023 Год.
Лучшие интеллектуальные исследования
,
1
(1), 11-16.
