QADIMGI TURKIY XALQLARDA “QUT” MAROSIMI XUSUSIDA.

Feruza Yuldosheva; Mehriddin Haqqulov; Mohlaroyim Yarashova

doi:10.71337/inlibrary.uz.science-research.71948

Authors

Feruza Yuldosheva
Mehriddin Haqqulov
Mohlaroyim Yarashova

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.science-research.71948

Keywords:

marosim turk qurbonlik Ko’k tangri qut

Abstract

Mazkur maqolada qadimgi turkiy xalqlarning diniy e'tiqodlari va marosimlari ichida muhim o‘rin tutgan qut marosimi tahlil qilinadi. Qut tushunchasi turkiy xalqlarning dunyoqarashi, tabiat va ilohiy kuchlarga bo‘lgan munosabatini aks ettirib, insonning hayotiy kuchi, baxt va saodat manbai sifatida talqin qilingan. Maqolada qut marosimining o‘tkazilish tartibi, unda qo‘llaniladigan ramzlar, qadimiy udumlar va ularning ma’naviy-ma’rifiy ahamiyati batafsil yoritilgan. Shuningdek, turkiy xalqlarning qut bilan bog‘liq e’tiqodlari va ularning bugungi kungacha yetib kelgan izlari haqida ilmiy mulohazalar bildirilgan. Ushbu maqola qadimiy marosimlarning mohiyatini anglash va milliy madaniy merosimizni tadqiq qilishda muhim manba hisoblanadi.

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QADIMGI TURKIY XALQLARDA “QUT” MAROSIMI XUSUSIDA.

Yuldosheva Feruza Yashin qizi

yuldoshevaftarix@gmail.com

Mehriddin Yunusovich Haqqulov

mexriddinhaqqulov@gmail.com

Yarashova Mohlaroyim Shuxrat qizi

mohlaroyimyarashova@gmail.com

Osiyo Xalqaro Universiteti o’qituvchilari

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15032750

Annotatsiya.

Mazkur maqolada qadimgi turkiy xalqlarning diniy e'tiqodlari va

marosimlari ichida muhim o‘rin tutgan qut marosimi tahlil qilinadi. Qut tushunchasi turkiy

xalqlarning dunyoqarashi, tabiat va ilohiy kuchlarga bo‘lgan munosabatini aks ettirib, insonning

hayotiy kuchi, baxt va saodat manbai sifatida talqin qilingan. Maqolada qut marosimining

o‘tkazilish tartibi, unda qo‘llaniladigan ramzlar, qadimiy udumlar va ularning ma’naviy-ma’rifiy

ahamiyati batafsil yoritilgan. Shuningdek, turkiy xalqlarning qut bilan bog‘liq e’tiqodlari va

ularning bugungi kungacha yetib kelgan izlari haqida ilmiy mulohazalar bildirilgan. Ushbu

maqola qadimiy marosimlarning mohiyatini anglash va milliy madaniy merosimizni tadqiq

qilishda muhim manba hisoblanadi.

Kalit soʻzlar

: marosim, turk, qurbonlik, Ko’k tangri, qut

Abstract.

This article analyzes the Kut ceremony, which played an important role in the

religious beliefs and rituals of the ancient Turkic peoples. The concept of Kut is interpreted as a

source of human vitality, happiness and bliss, reflecting the worldview of the Turkic peoples, their

attitude to nature and divine forces. The article describes in detail the procedure for conducting

the Kut ceremony, the symbols used in it, ancient customs and their spiritual and educational

significance. It also provides scientific observations on the beliefs of the Turkic peoples related to

Kut and their traces that have survived to this day. This article is an important source for

understanding the essence of ancient rituals and studying our national cultural heritage.

Keywords:

ritual, Turk, sacrifice, Blue God, qut.

Абстрактный.

В статье анализируется обряд кут, игравший важную роль в

религиозных верованиях и обрядах древних тюркских народов. Понятие «Кут» отражает

мировоззрение тюркских народов, их отношение к природе и божественным силам и

трактуется как источник жизненной силы человека, счастья и блаженства. В статье

подробно описывается порядок проведения обряда Кут, используемые в нем символы,

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133

древние обычаи, их духовно-просветительское значение. Были также сделаны научные

наблюдения о верованиях тюркских народов, связанных с кутом, и их следах, сохранившихся

до наших дней. Эта статья является важным источником для понимания сути древних

ритуалов и исследования нашего национального культурного наследия.

Ключевые слова:

ритуал, турок, жертвоприношение, Синий Бог, кут.

Qadimgi turkiy xalqlar o‘zining boy madaniyati, an’anaviy urf-odatlari va marosimlari

bilan ajralib turardi. Ularning diniy va madaniy hayoti tabiat bilan chambarchas bog‘liq bo‘lib,

marosimlar ko‘pincha tabiat hodisalari, hosil bayramlari va turli ijtimoiy voqealarga asoslangan

edi. Tabiatga sig‘inish marosimlari Qadimgi turkiy xalqlarda tabiatga sig‘inish juda keng

tarqalgan. Ular tog‘, daryo, quyosh va oyga sig‘inib, ularga qurbonliklar keltirgan. Masalan,

tog‘lar muqaddas hisoblanib, u yerda marosimlar o‘tkazilgan. Bahor kelishi bilan Navro‘z

nishonlanib, yangi yil boshlanishi shodiyonalar bilan kutib olingan. Qut marosimi Qut tushunchasi

qadimgi turkiylarning diniy tasavvurlarida muhim o‘rin tutgan. U baxt, omad va hayotiy kuch

manbai deb hisoblangan. Qut marosimlari odatda yangi tug‘ilgan bolaga ism qo‘yish yoki yangi

uy qurilganida o‘tkazilgan. Ko‘k Tengri va ajdodlarga sig‘inish Turkiy xalqlar Ko‘k Tengri —

osmon xudosi va ajdodlar ruhi bilan bog‘liq marosimlarni ado etgan. Hukmdorlarning hokimiyati

Tengrining irodasi bilan belgilangan deb ishonilgan. Bu marosimlar davlat va diniy rahbarlar

ishtirokida katta dabdaba bilan o‘tgan. Harbiy marosimlar Qadimgi turkiylarning hayotida harbiy

marosimlar muhim ahamiyatga ega bo‘lgan. Ular jang oldidan qurbonlik keltirib, jangchilar ruhini

ko‘tarish uchun maxsus marosimlar o‘tkazgan. Jangdan keyin esa g‘alaba tantanalari uyushtirilib,

qurbonliklar qilinardi. Dafn marosimlari Qadimgi turkiy xalqlar o‘z vafot etgan yaqinlarini hurmat

bilan dafn etgan. Ularning dafn marosimlari murdaning narsalari, qurollari bilan birga ko‘milib,

marhumning ruhi oxiratda to‘liq hayot kechirishiga ishonilgan.

Turkiy xalqlarda "Qut" tushunchasi qadimdan muhim ahamiyatga ega bo'lib, baxt, saodat

va baraka ma'nolarini anglatgan. Ushbu tushuncha turkiylarning diniy va madaniy hayotida, turli

marosim va urf-odatlarida keng namoyon bo'lgan. Qut tushunchasi turkiy xalqlarda hukmdorlik

va xudolar tomonidan berilgan ilohiy kuch bilan bog'liq bo'lib, bu kuch xalq va davlatning ravnaqi,

barakasi va muvaffaqiyatini ta'minlaydi, deb hisoblangan. Qadimgi turkiylar o'z hukmdorlarini

"Qut egasi" deb atashgan, ya'ni ularning hokimiyati ilohiy baraka bilan tasdiqlangan deb bilishgan.

Qut marosimlari turli shakllarda o'tkazilgan. Masalan, yomg'ir chaqirish marosimlari qadimdan

turkiy dehqonchilik madaniyatida katta ahamiyatga ega bo'lgan. Bu marosimlarda maxsus

qo'shiqlar aytilgan, va yomg'ir yog'ishi bilan erning barakali bo'lishi tilangan. Shu bilan birga, qut

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134

so'zi turli kasalliklarni quvish marosimlarida ham tilga olingan. Masalan, "badik" marosimlarida

yomon ruhlar quvilib, bemorlar uchun shifo va baraka tilangan. Qut marosimlari xalq hayotida

faqatgina diniy mazmunga ega bo'lmay, balki ijtimoiy ahamiyat ham kasb etgan. Masalan, Navro'z

bayramida o'tkazilgan marosimlarda qut-baraka, hosil mo'lligi va xalqning farovonligini tilash

asosiy o'rin tutgan. Ayniqsa, sumalak pishirish jarayonida aytiladigan qo'shiqlar va marosimlar

orqali baraka va qutga bo'lgan ishonch aks etgan.

Xulosa qilib aytganda, turkiy xalqlarda Qut marosimlari xalqning hayot falsafasi va

dunyoqarashining muhim qismi bo'lib, ular baxt, saodat va barakani hayotning ajralmas bo'lagi

sifatida ko'rsatgan. Ushbu marosimlar orqali turkiy xalqlar tabiat bilan uyg'unlikda yashash va

ilohiy kuchlarga hurmat bilan munosabatda bo'lish g'oyalarini namoyon etganlar.

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A. Kabirov. "Qadimgi Sharq tarixi "Tafakkur" 2016 y

Yuldosheva, F. . (2024). MIRZO ULUG’BEK KUTUBXONASI VA BUGUNGI TAQDIRI. Modern Science and Research, 3(12), 741–749. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/-research/article/view/58564

Yuldosheva , F. . (2024). BOLA TUG’ILISHI BILAN BOG’LIQ MAROSIMLAR O’ZBEK XALQI HAYOTINING AJRALMAS QISMI SIFATIDA. Modern Science and Research, 3(11), 788–791. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/48058

Yuldosheva , F. Y. qizi. (2023). LEV NIKOLAYEVICH GUMILYOVNING “QADIMGI TURKLAR” ASARIDA KOʻKTURKLAR YODGORLIKLARI XUSUSIDA. GOLDEN BRAIN, 1(16), 338–342. Retrieved from https://researchedu.org/index.php//article/view/3908

Yuldosheva , F. . (2025). MAHMUDXO‘JA BEHBUDIY – MILLATNING O‘Z TAQDIRINI ANGLASHIDA YORQIN YULDUZ VA MILLIY UYG‘ONISH DAVRINING RAMZI. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 420–427. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/60832

Yuldosheva, F. ., & Abdihamidova , F. . (2025). BEHBUDIYNI KIM O’LDIRGAN?. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 359–366. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/63681

Yuldosheva, F. . (2025). IBN BATTUTANING “SAYOHATNOMA” ASARI MUHIM MANBA SIFATIDA. Modern Science and Research, 4(2), 573–580. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/scienceresearch/article/view/66954

Ярашова, М. . (2024). ЖАҲОН ЭТНОЛОГИЯСИ ФАНИ ВА УНИ ЎҚИТИШНИНГ ЗАМОНАВИЙ МЕТОДОЛОГИЯСИ. Modern Science and Research, 3(10), 362–368. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/44901

Ярашова, М. (2024). БУХОРО ВОҲАСИДА МАТО ВА МАТО ТАЙЁРЛАШ УСУЛЛАРИ. Modern Science and Research, 3(11), 782–787. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/48057

Yarashova Mohlaroyim Shuhratovna. (2024). Muyiddin Ibn Arabiyning Tasavvuf Ta’limotida Tahsil Olgan Ayol Ustozlari Va Ta’lim Bergan Ayol Shogirdlari. Miasto Przyszłości, 52, 622–625. Retrieved from https://miastoprzyszlosci.com.pl/index.php/mp/article/view/4679

Yarashova, M. (2024). ILK O’RTA ASR MANBALARIDA KIYIM-KECHAKLAR VA ULAR BILAN BOG’LIQ ATAMALAR TAVSIFI. Modern Science and Research, 3(12), 621–632. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/58456

Ярашова, М. (2025). ПАРАНЖИ ВА УНИНГ ЎРГАНИЛИШ ТАРИХИ. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 160–168. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/60323

Yarashova, M., Sa’dullayev, U., & Yo’ldosheva, F. (2025). BUXORO VOHASI AYOLLARINING AN’ANAVIY BOSH KIYIMLARI- DO‘PPI VA RO‘MOL. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 600–607. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/64116

Yarashova , M. ., & Sultonova, M. (2025). BUXORO VOHASI DAFN MAROSIMI KIYIMLARI VA ULAR BILAN BOG’LIQ IRIM-SIRIMLAR. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 352–358. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/63674

Yarashova, M. (2025). EDVARD TAYLOR –ETNOLOGIYADA EVOLYUTSIONISTIK MAKTAB ASOSCHISI. Modern Science and Research, 4(2), 1005–1012. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/68483

1. Haqqulov, M. Y. O. G. L. (2022). Markaziy Osiyoda ilk diplomatik munosabatlar tarixi. Science and Education, 3(10), 385-389.

Yunusovich, H. M. (2024). Experiences Related to the Fine Fiber Cotton of Uzbekistan during the Years of Soviet Authority. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INNOVATION IN NONFORMAL EDUCATION, 4(9), 129-132.

Yunusovich, H. M. (2024). The Formation, Development and Role of the High Seljuk Empire Founded by the Turkic Peoples in the Islamic World. Miasto Przyszłości, 53, 956-959.

Haqqulov, M. (2024). O ‘RTA OSIYO XALQLARINING OZODLIK ORZUSI BO ‘LGAN “TURKISTON MUXTORIYATI”. Modern Science and Research, 3(12), 609-613.

Haqqulov, M. (2025). USMONIYLAR IMPERIYASINING TASHKIL TOPISH TARIXI. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 663-672.

Haqqulov, M. (2024). TURKISTON OZODLIGINING JARCHILARI. Medicine, pedagogy and technology: theory and practice, 2(11), 154-159.

Gulyamov, A., Srojeva, G., & Haqqulov, M. (2025). O ‘RTA OSIYO OLIMLARINING KARTOGRAFIK MEROSI. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 221-227.

Xakkulov, M., & Kosimov, U. (2025). HISTORY OF MILITARY WORK IN THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA. Journal of universal science research, 3(1 (Special issue)), 319-325.

Gulyamov, A., Srojeva, G., & Haqqulov, M. (2025). BUXORO OCHILGAN MUZEYLARNING TASHKIL TOPISH TARIXI. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 248-256.

Srojeva, G., Gulyamov, A., & Haqqulov, M. (2025). XVII ASRDA BUXORODA ABDULAZIZXON MADRASASINING QURILISHI VA UNING TARIXIY AHAMIYATI. Modern Science and Research, 4(1), 471-478.

Haqqulov, M., & Sadulloyeva, M. (2025). IMOM BUXORIYNING “AL-JOME’AS SAHIH” ILMIY AHAMIYATI. Modern Science and Research, 4(2), 472-476.

Haqqulov, M. (2025). YANGI DAVRDA AVSTRIYA (GABSBURGLAR) IMPERIYASINING IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY HAYOTI (XVI-XVIII ASRLAR). Modern Science and Research, 4(2), 834-842.

Xakkulov, M., & Kosimov, U. (2025). HISTORY OF MILITARY WORK IN THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA. Journal of universal science research, 3(1 (Special issue)), 319-325.