Translation of legal discourse: linguistic and intercultural communication perspective

CC BY f
30-33
38
25
Поделиться
Амонова, Г. (2022). Translation of legal discourse: linguistic and intercultural communication perspective . Переводоведение: проблемы, решения и перспективы, (1), 30–33. извлечено от https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/translation_studies/article/view/5983
Гульноза Амонова, Uzbekistan State World Languages University

PhD

Crossref
Сrossref
Scopus
Scopus

Аннотация

Linguistics and translation science are closely interrelated and significantly complement each other as a theoretical basis and its applied application. Translation can be considered as a large-scale natural experiment in comparing linguistic and speech units in two languages in real acts of inter language and intercultural communication. The study of translation makes it possible to reveal important features that may remain undetected within the framework of a “monolingual” research [3. P. 4].


background image

29

TRANSLATION OF LEGAL DISCOURSE: LINGUISTIC AND

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION PERSPECTIVE

Amonova Gulnoza

PhD, Uzbekistan State World Languages University


Linguistics and translation science are closely interrelated and significantly

complement each other as a theoretical basis and its applied application. Translation
can be considered as a large-scale natural experiment in comparing linguistic and
speech units in two languages in real acts of inter language and intercultural
communication. The study of translation makes it possible to reveal important
features that may remain undetected within the framework of a

“monolingual”

research [3. P. 4].

The aim of the article is to consider the specifics of translating a legal text from

English into Russian in the aspect of intercultural communication.

The understanding of translation as a channel of interaction between

languages and cultures is increasingly being established in Uzbek and foreign
translation studies. According to most researchers this approach means, that, a new
text arises as a result of translation activity which adequately replaces the original
text in another culture, another language, another communicative situation. A
translator, as an intermediary, must be not only a bilingual, but also a bicultural
person. At the same time, the question of the equivalence of the translation to the
original remains relevant in theoretical and applied terms.

It should be noted that currently synonymous terms

“equivalence”, “adequacy”,

“equivalence”, “identity” are used in scientific spheres. A number of scientists
consider them interchangeable; others differentiate these terms, but we think it is
preferred to use the term

“equivalence” with the definitions of “relative”, “contextual”,

“informal”. Apparently, the less categorical nature of the word “equivalence” has
made it more preferable in modern translation studies, although the concepts of
adequacy, identity, usefulness and even similarity remain in the same semantic field
and sometimes duplicate each other.

According to Russian scientist V. Vinogradov, equivalence implies the

preservation of relative equality of the content, semantic, stylistic, functional and
communicative information contained in the original and the translation [1]. The
equivalence of the translation depends on the original text and its reproduction in the
target language and reflects the completeness and multilevel nature of this concept.

Thus, if equivalence is considered to be an equivalent correspondence of one

object (the translation text) to another (the original text), then we have to agree with
the majority of translators on the following fundamental points.

Firstly, it is impossible to achieve absolute equivalence (identity) in translation

due to a number of reasons, the most important of which, according to a famous
French linguist and translator J. Munen, are:

– the specificity of the semantics of language signs in different languages;
– incompatibility of “world pictures” created by languages;


background image

30

– differences in the reality itself, culture and civilization of speakers of different

languages [4. P. 37].

Secondly, despite all the objective difficulties of translation, there is

nevertheless a possibility of overcoming them. The need for translation of various
types, the ever-increasing role of translation and the demand for the translator's
profession in ensuring inter language and intercultural communication prove that
foreign culture is not something incomprehensible, inaccessible for perception,
description, study and, ultimately, transmission by means of another language.
Bilingual communication, according to J. Munen mediated by the translator's activity
is never absolute, but at the same time it is always possible [4: p.62]

Thirdly, the concept of equivalence applies primarily to the text as a whole, and

the meaning of the whole is not equal to the mechanical sum of its parts. However, it
is also true that any message has its own meaning and consists of linguistic units,
each of which carries certain information. The content of the entire utterance does
not exist apart from the meanings of consisting linguistic units, and the purpose of
any translation is to convey the semantic information of the text.

All its other types and characteristics (functional, stylistic, sociolocal,

emotional, etc.) cannot be transmitted without reproducing semantic information,
since all the rest of the message content is only layered on semantic information,
extracted from it, prompted by it, transformed into figurative association [2. P. 2].

It means that while studying various aspects of translation activities, in

particular, in line with the problems of intercultural communication, the study of the
semantics of lexico-semantic level units is still relevant, and furthermore underlies
professional translation activities.

Finally, the problem of translation equivalence can be productively considered

from the standpoint of compensation theory. Despite all the difficulties of translation,
languages and cultures demonstrate the ability to compensate for the insufficiency
of one of their spheres at the expense of others. Compensation is a common property
of complex evolving, self-regulating (synergetic) systems, which include society,
culture, and language [5. P. 117]. N. Fenenko suggests distinguishing different types
of compensations

– linguistic (intra- and inter-level, full and partial, linear and

nonlinear, formal and substantive) and extra-linguistic (cultural and socio-cultural) [5.
P. 13].

Legal discourse is one of those humanitarian areas that is characterized by the

presence of a significant number of national and cultural specific features that reflect
the developed norms of the relationship of an individual with the State and other
people. Legal texts must be accurate and reliable; they prescribe a certain form of
action and formulate principles for resolving disputes, develop rules of social
behavior in society.

When the translation of a legal text is made in writing form, the translator is not

limited in time and has the opportunity to constantly refer to the original, use various
dictionaries, encyclopedias, reference books, according to experts, which should
ensure the greatest equivalence of the translated text in the end. This can be
fundamentally important when the original text and its translation must have equal
legal force.

The appeal to the legal texts of this thematic focus is becoming especially

relevant at the present time, when the professional cooperation of lawyers in the field


background image

31

of law enforcement is increasingly internationalized

– the fight against international

terrorism, illicit trafficking in drugs, weapons, strategic materials, human trafficking,
financial and economic crimes, etc. There is a practical need to correlate national
legislations with international norms of law, exchange experience in the activities of
the police, courts, prosecutors and penal enforcement agencies of various countries.

All these circumstances, on the one hand, significantly increase the role and

responsibility of translators of legal texts, and on the other hand, allow to interpret the
term "legal text" more broadly. The modern understanding of the legal text is not
limited to the strict framework of the legal document itself, but also includes other
types of both oral and written texts, the subject of which are legal issues discussed
by the professional community of lawyers and citizens. For instance, polemical
discussions on legal issues in scientific monographs, articles, newspaper and
magazine publications, during live professional communication of specialists, in
electronic media, among various groups of the population.

Legal issues are widely condemned in society today, and the legal culture of

the population is steadily growing. Subsequently the vocabulary of modern legal texts
is actual for linguistic analysis and translation practice due to its actively replenishing
the composition of common used words of a particular language. All this means the
importance of improving the professional competence of the translator in this subject
area.

By the way, an example of the functioning of lexical units correlated with the

field of law in American English is appropriate. It is a well-known fact that Americans
are a nation whose level of legal culture is much higher than many other nations. In
the USA, where it is customary to resolve most controversial issues in the relations
between citizens and the state in court, the proportion is significantly higher than in
other countries. All this is reflected in the language: quantitatively and functionally,
the legal discourse in the common vocabulary of Americans occupies a much more
important place than, other nations. Therefore, the translator must be ready to
correctly, with respect to all cultural subtleties, translate legal vocabulary not only in
the texts of legal documents, but in texts of other styles and genres, even in artistic
text.

Achieving equivalence in the translation of a legal text, considered more

broadly than the text of a legal document, implies a sufficiently high level of linguistic
and cultural competence of a translator. As a rule, in order to create an equivalent
translation, the translator uses various mechanisms of intra- and extra-linguistic
compensation, which allow to convey the semantic content of the original text with a
sufficient degree of completeness and accuracy. As the concrete material shows, the
greatest difficulties are caused not by the translation of legal terms themselves, fixed
in the language system in explanatory and translated dictionaries and reference
books, but by units of the lexico-semantic system of the language, regularly used in
legal texts with meanings determined by the linguistic and cultural context. It is
difficult to overestimate the importance of translation notation, which makes it
possible to provide the most complete understanding of the translated legal text, to
fulfill the shortcomings of the reader

’s background knowledge, to resolve the conflict

of cultures in the professional field of jurisprudence and translate it into a dialogue.

REFERENCES:


background image

32

1. Vinogradov B.C. Problema ekvivalentnosti i tip perevodimogo teksta //

Vvedeniye v perevodovedeniye (obshchiye i leksicheskiye voprosy). 2004.

– http://

sitim.sitc.ru.

2. Vinogradov B.C. Vvedeniye v perevodovedeniye.

– M.: IOSO RAO. 2001. –

S. 117.

3. Komissarov V.N.

Obshchaya

teoriya

perevoda.

Problemy

perevodovedeniya v osveshchenii zarubezhnykh uchenykh. Uchebnoye posobiye.
M., 2000.

– P. 184.

4. Komissarov V.N. Sovremennoye perevodovedeniye. Kurs lektsiy.

– M.:

ETS.

– 1999.1 – P. 192.

5. Fenenko N.A. Yazyk realiy i realii yazyka. Voronezh. 2001.

– P. 139.

Библиографические ссылки

Vinogradov В.C. Problema ekvivalentnosti i tip perevodimogo teksta // Vvedeniye v perevodovedeniye (obshchiye i leksicheskiye voprosy). 2004. - http:// sitim.sitc.ru.

Vinogradov B.C. Vvedeniye v perevodovedeniye. - M.: IOSO RAO. 2001. -S. 117.

Komissarov V.N. Obshchaya teoriya perevoda. Problemy perevodovedeniya v osveshchenii zarubezhnykh uchenykh. Uchebnoye posobiye. M„ 2000.-P. 184.

Komissarov V.N. Sovremennoye perevodovedeniye. Kurs lektsiy. - M.: ETS.-1999.1 -P. 192.

Fenenko N.A. Yazyk realiy i realii yazyka. Voronezh. 2001. - P. 139.

inLibrary — это научная электронная библиотека inConference - научно-практические конференции inScience - Журнал Общество и инновации UACD - Антикоррупционный дайджест Узбекистана UZDA - Ассоциации стоматологов Узбекистана АСТ - Архитектура, строительство, транспорт Open Journal System - Престиж вашего журнала в международных базах данных inDesigner - Разработка сайта - создание сайтов под ключ в веб студии Iqtisodiy taraqqiyot va tahlil - ilmiy elektron jurnali yuridik va jismoniy shaxslarning in-Academy - Innovative Academy RSC MENC LEGIS - Адвокатское бюро SPORT-SCIENCE - Актуальные проблемы спортивной науки GLOTEC - Внедрение цифровых технологий в организации MuviPoisk - Смотрите фильмы онлайн, большая коллекция, новинки кинопроката Megatorg - Доска объявлений Megatorg.net: сайт бесплатных частных объявлений Skinormil - Космецевтика активного действия Pils - Мультибрендовый онлайн шоп METAMED - Фармацевтическая компания с полным спектром услуг Dexaflu - от симптомов гриппа и простуды SMARTY - Увеличение продаж вашей компании ELECARS - Электромобили в Ташкенте, Узбекистане CHINA MOTORS - Купи автомобиль своей мечты! PROKAT24 - Прокат и аренда строительных инструментов