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FACTORS INFLUENCING ADHERENCE TO THERAPY IN CARDIOLOGICAL
PATIENTS
Qurbonova Shohista Tojiddin qizi
Assistant, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2
Tashkent Medical Academy
Nurillayeva Nargiza Muxtarxanovna
Professor, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2
Tashkent Medical Academy
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14776879
Annotation.
Failure to follow medical recommendations and prescriptions is a common
cause of disability and high mortality in cardiac patients. WHO experts analyze in detail the
reasons for inadequate implementation of the recommendations.
Keywords:
adherence to therapy, non-compliance with medical recommendations.
Introduction:
WHO report, opinion of patients Introduction. The questionnaire used
was devoted to the factors influencing adherence to therapy. The response options were
represented by a self-assessment rating scale with five positions. Results: Patient-related
factors are of the greatest importance. The patient's knowledge of his disease, motivation for
long-term therapy and expectations of treatment play a positive role, in turn, forgetfulness of
taking the drug and fear of side effects have a negative impact. Equally important are the
positive factors related to the healthcare system and medical personnel: the education of
medical personnel, the patient, and the time allotted for communication with the patient. The
factors related to the therapy are neutral.
The aim of the study
was to evaluate the attitude of patients with cardiovascular
diseases to the factors influencing adherence to long-term treatment using a questionnaire of
patients according to WHO parameters.
Research materials and methods:
According to the surveyed patients, the following
factors positively influence the continuation of therapy: socio-economic status of 27 (29.3%)
people; the degree of development of the medical system - 31 (33.7%); education of medical
staff - 30 (32.6%); education of patients - 36 (39.2%); time time allocated for consultation by
a doctor - 38 (41.3%); patient's knowledge of the disease - 55 (59.8%); motivation for
treatment - 43(46.7%); expectations from treatment - 41 (44.6%); severity of symptoms of
the disease - 30 (32.6%); availability of effective treatment methods - 37 (40.2%). Such a
factor as the previous treatment experience in 29 (31.5%) of the responding patients has a
positive role, and the same number of patients find it difficult to answer about the influence of
this parameter.
The neutral attitude of the interviewed patients is influenced by such factors as race,
age, the development of the medical service system, the complex regime and the number of
drugs used, the duration of treatment, the frequency of therapy changes, the rate of effect, side
effects of the drug, the rate of disease progression, and the patient's condition (physical,
mental, and social).
Results:
When calculating the total conditional index and the index of attitude to the
studied factor, it was revealed that the factors associated with the patient that affect
adherence to therapy are of the greatest importance. Thus, the patient's awareness of his
disease, motivation for long-term therapy and expectations of treatment have a positive effect.
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Forgetfulness when taking medications and fear of side effects have a negative role. Equally
important are the positive factors related to the medical staff and the healthcare system as a
whole. A less significant, but also positive influence on the continuation of therapy by patients
is played by socio-economic status and the availability of effective treatment methods.
Military actions have a strong negative impact on adherence to therapy. As for the factors
related to the therapy, for patients with cardiovascular pathology, their influence on the
degree of implementation of the recommendations is neutral. A neutral position is also
occupied by some factors related to the patient's condition at the time of hospitalization,
namely the severity of the symptoms of the disease, the state of health and the rate of
progression of the disease. And only the presence of concomitant pathology has a negative
impact.
Conclusion:
When analyzing the attitude to the factors influencing the adherence to
long-term treatment of patients with cardiovascular pathology using a self-assessment rating
scale, it was revealed that the most significant factors are those related to the patient himself,
and not those related to the therapy. Taking into account the data obtained, the problem of
studying adherence to therapy and the role of patients themselves in this process requires
further study.
References:
1.
The World Health Organization. Commitment to long-term therapy: evidence for action.
Geneva: WHO, 2003. 211 p.
2.
Chazova I.E., Zhernakova Yu.V., Oshchepkova E.V. Prevalence of risk factors for
cardiovascular diseases in the Russian population of patients with arterial hypertension //
Cardiology. 2019;54(10):4-12.
3.
Osterberg L., Blaschke T. Adherence to drug treatment // N English J Med.
2020;353:487-97.
4.
Lukina Yu.V., Martsevich S.Yu., Kutishenko N.P. Adherence to treatment: a modern view
on a familiar problem // Cardiovascular therapy and prevention. 2021;16(1):91-5.
5.
Di Matteo M.R. Differences in patients' compliance with medical recommendations: a
quantitative review of 50 years of research // Medical Care. 2019; 42:200-9.
