Impact Factor:
ISRA
(India) =
6.317
ISI
(Dubai, UAE) =
1.582
GIF
(Australia) =
0.564
JIF = 1.500
SIS
(USA) =
0.912
РИНЦ
(Russia) =
3.939
ESJI
(KZ) =
9.035
SJIF
(Morocco)
= 7.184
ICV
(Poland)
= 6.630
PIF
(India)
= 1.940
IBI
(India)
= 4.260
OAJI
(USA)
= 0.350
Philadelphia, USA
415
QR – Issue
QR – Article
SOI:
DOI:
International Scientific Journal
Theoretical & Applied Science
p-ISSN:
2308-4944 (print)
e-ISSN:
2409-0085 (online)
Year:
2021
Issue:
12
Volume:
104
Published:
Dilfuza Muminovna Teshabaeva
USUWL
Professor
THE NATIONAL SCENE OF THE WORLD IN THE MEDIA
Abstract: The activities of the media are essentially axiological, they are based on the distribution of a system
of views on the world, which is structured according to a certain set of values. From the media space, the vital content
of culture, the layer of deep values of culture as the creative basis of its human linguistic ability, reflects the national
landscape of the journalistic text. The technical means of disseminating and assimilating values can include various
genres of journalism, professional styles, images, technology of processing and interpreting facts, writing and
influencing the audience. The collective background knowledge that complements and organizes the media text is
based on mental perceptions, the psychological principles of information processing specific to the local producer
and recipient of mass communication begin with the semantics of folk spirituality.
Key words:
journalism, national world, worldview, media text, addressee, language, speech activity.
Language: English
Citation
:
Teshabaeva, D. M. (2021). The national scene of the world in the media.
ISJ Theoretical & Applied
Science, 12 (104),
415-418.
Soi
http://s-o-i.org/1.1/TAS-12-104-27
Doi
:
https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS
Scopus ASCC: 3300.
Introduction
The media office embodies a virtual spiritual
being, a unique laboratory for the synthesis and
dissemination of the values of the media office, aimed
at immanent axiological representation. As a result,
journalism becomes a social and political institution
that forms a consumer axiology. The rapid
development of the «fourth force» in this direction has
placed journalism on a par with communicative
factors such as religion and art. Journalists, like other
authors of the situation with mass communications,
form an attitude towards important categories of
human life in the media (power, homeland, family,
love, friendship, etc.). That is, the process that directly
forms public consciousness is reflected in the ideas,
principles, norms, moods and habits, through which
the nation understands itself and its way of life as a
whole.
The interaction between addressee and addressee
is based on the fact that in the semantic field of the
middle text there is a single knowledge, which is a
specific information base, common for the subject
making up the text (author) and the subject
interpreting the text (consumer). A.A. Zalevskaya
asserts: «It is collective knowledge that forms the
goals, in accordance with which the author of the text
gives the text a certain structure» [1].
«Language cannot exist outside of culture, that
is, it consists of a set of practical views and ideas that
define our socially inherited way of life». Humboldt
has repeatedly emphasized this [1]. Just as language,
speech and culture do not exist without a person, it is
impossible to imagine a person without them.
In this sense, in particular, V. Humboldt's point
of view is remarkable. According to him, «language is
a self-developing, self-created reality ... a living
organism. language is a continuous spiritual creation,
the source and basis of the spiritual activity of people.
Culture and language feed on the spirit of the people»
[2]. The famous scientist developed the rules for the
expression of language as a concrete reality with
features of self-education and development. He
interpreted the language as a «living organism» and
the incessant spiritual creativity of people, in which he
saw the source and basis of spiritual activity. Both
phenomena – culture and language – are characterized
by the corresponding «spirit» of the people and the
corresponding ethnos [2]. These views of Humboldt
developed in accordance with the idealistic dialectics
of Hegel. Hegel emphasizes the important role of
language in the development of society and man.
Impact Factor:
ISRA
(India) =
6.317
ISI
(Dubai, UAE) =
1.582
GIF
(Australia) =
0.564
JIF = 1.500
SIS
(USA) =
0.912
РИНЦ
(Russia) =
3.939
ESJI
(KZ) =
9.035
SJIF
(Morocco)
= 7.184
ICV
(Poland)
= 6.630
PIF
(India)
= 1.940
IBI
(India)
= 4.260
OAJI
(USA)
= 0.350
Philadelphia, USA
416
Language is the most important tool for cognition and
thinking. Language is a necessary condition and
means of socialization of individuals, it arises in the
process of coexistence of individuals, without which
it is impossible to assimilate culture, social norms and
rules, without which it is impossible to imagine a
person. The sociality of a language determines its
functions, such as communication, cognition,
information content and pragmatism [3].
Thus, V. Humboldt, G. V. Hegel, N. A. Boduen
de Kurtene, F. Following in the footsteps of scholars
who have evaluated language from a socio-historical
point of view, such as de Saussure, it can be argued
that language and culture are autonomous, but at the
same time define systems that interact with each other.
If a society consists of people who cannot live without
communication, who express their thoughts through
language, the initial conditions for the emergence and
use of languages can arise only in a social group of
people united by a common activity.
Vocabulary is important (even from a cultural
point of view) at the levels of the language system. He
expresses, describes and describes the creatures
around a person and his inner world, and can also
motivate them, determining the behavior of the owner
of the language. The lexical structure of the national
language preserves the peculiarities of ethnosocial and
cultural norms and transfers them from generation to
generation, ensuring the stability and consistency of
the ethnic mentality. Studying the peculiarities of the
use of words, we can obtain information about the
spiritual health of a nation: accurately assessing the
facts, keeping their sequence, fixing, determining the
direction of dynamics, we can predict the stages of
development of this nation.
Psychology is a key factor in writing text while
communicating. Communication is understood as a
type of human integration, in which there is a two-way
exchange of information to solve certain urgent
cognitive-practical problems using the means of
language or the means of a known system as a whole
[4].
Communication in the media is a complex
cognitive process. The process of cognitive
processing, which serves to understand the text, has its
own characteristics and requires special attention. The
formation of interethnic qualities in national
languages through the media is associated with
different cultural traditions of different countries,
national worldview, cultural roots and national
mentality. These functions include preparation
(collection, preparation, processing) and transmission
of media.
Language as a virtual structure realizes the
potential of speech behavior of these native speakers,
determined (based) on the collective consciousness of
a particular community. In recent years, it has become
clear that there is a growing interest in the
interdependence of language and culture, the
relationship between different cultures. But culture is
a very broad concept. It includes many factors such as
language and thinking, acceptance, appreciation, and
attitude. If we accept the principle that «mentality is
the ethnic and cultural identity of a society», then the
very concept of mentality should become the subject
of in-depth scientific research for practical purposes to
determine the national identity of the mentality of a
particular people [5]. Therefore, it is appropriate to
consider the national mentality on the example of the
language of the media.
When creating information, that is, text, each
country has its own cultural traditions, lifestyle,
national mentality. It is no coincidence that more and
more attention has been paid to the problem of
national mentality recently, and a lot of scientific
research is being carried out in this direction. In this
regard, A. Sedix defines the concept of mentality as
«...a way of perceiving and understanding reality,
which is determined by the unity of cognitive
stereotypes (stereotypes) of consciousness inherent in
a particular linguocultural society» [5]. A.F. Valeeva
said «National mentality is a national way of
accepting and understanding reality, which is
determined by a set of cognitive stereotypes of the
nation», [6]. Researchers are increasingly paying
attention to the relationship between mentality and
culture, the relationship of the paradigm of national
thinking with a certain way of life of an ethnic society.
Recently, it was experimentally confirmed that «the
national language is the main factor of thinking, in
other words, the native language gives its owners the
opportunity to use a certain way of expressing ideas
through certain language habits» [7].
Apparently, by learning a language, you can
learn a mentality. Mentality is a look at a national way
of thinking based on cultural traditions. In our daily
life, we are faced with such habits, such forms of
language that we are faced with the peculiarities of
other peoples, with the way other peoples perceive the
world in different ways. It is often only when we
compare our mental habits with those of other people
that we realize that other nations are different from us.
Each nation lives in a specific geographic area
and differs from others in terms of climate, landscape
and other characteristics. It is this unity of factors that
creates a mentality that shapes a different worldview
than others. Language also participates in this process,
on the one hand, is influenced, on the other hand,
forms a linguistic reaction to events that take place
outside the usual environment.
Speaking about the relationship between
linguistic behavior and the mentality of Uzbeks, it
should be noted that this section is based on the
principles of cultural linguistics, which investigate the
communication processes in the media and the
relationship of the language expressions used in them
with the mentality of people. people.
Impact Factor:
ISRA
(India) =
6.317
ISI
(Dubai, UAE) =
1.582
GIF
(Australia) =
0.564
JIF = 1.500
SIS
(USA) =
0.912
РИНЦ
(Russia) =
3.939
ESJI
(KZ) =
9.035
SJIF
(Morocco)
= 7.184
ICV
(Poland)
= 6.630
PIF
(India)
= 1.940
IBI
(India)
= 4.260
OAJI
(USA)
= 0.350
Philadelphia, USA
417
Each nation uses its own language. Language is
a means of communication when naming things. On
this basis, it reflects nationality.
In different peoples, in accordance with the
mentality and cultural traditions, words and phrases
are used and understood in different ways depending
on the purpose and state of communication, and the
communicative orientation towards the goal is
understood in a non-traditional way. It is also
important to consider the audience depending on a
specific country, geographic region. In dealing with
people of different nationalities, there are features of
proof and persuasion.
Every culture has more or less human
experience. The movement and acceptance of a nation
is due to its cultural abilities. It should be noted that
the national style of communication, that is, thinking,
acceptance, must take into account the specific, more
general, more convincing features of the movement.
The use of language in the media reflects the unity of
behavior and attitudes in public activities.
The mentality of a nation is manifested in the
speech of its representatives through the use of
linguistic means, specific techniques.
Summarizing the above, we can conclude that
specific aspects of verbal behavior are unique
nationally and culturally. The requirements for
historically formed verbal behavior in a particular
society reflect the value system of that society.
National values are an important and significant
feature of a nation, the sum of their material and
spiritual wealth. National values are inextricably
linked with history, lifestyle, future, generation, social
stratum, national consciousness, language, spirituality
and culture of the nation.
Our national values are also characterized by
respect for the place of birth and Motherland, devotion
to the memory of generations, respect for the elderly,
courtesy in handling, and modesty. This, in turn, is
reflected in the language of the media.
In today's changing world, in a world that is
losing its spiritual outlook and cultural image, the
media are responsible for assimilating the concept of
nationality and national values.
When analyzing speech trends in the media
through the national mentality, it is also recognized
that the stereotype of Uzbek behavior implies strict
control over the use of obscene words, jargons and
taboo words in the language. It is appropriate here to
talk about the norms of communicative behavior.
Speaking about the norms of communicative
behavior, I.A. Sternin identifies three aspects: general,
situational and individual norms. Considering the
verbal behavior of the Uzbeks through the national
mentality, we use this classification as a basis. In this
context, common cultural norms are especially
important.
Determining the general cultural norms of
speech behavior, I.A. Sternin said: «they reflect the
rules of etiquette that are inherent in the entire
linguocultural community and are largely accepted;
they will be unique nationally» [8].
Words and phrases reflecting the national
identity of Uzbek culture are very important for
clearly showing the connection between the speech
behavior of people and their mentality. The so-called
linguistic forms of «nonequivalent vocabulary» are
well-known nouns and nouns that are known to other
linguists, but have a very national character: national
toponyms, lexical units characteristic of each
language, denoting objects and events, and so on. The
way of life, worldview, values, peculiarities of naming
things and objects among peoples differ from each
other. Such features stem from history, national
values, customs and beliefs of each nation. As a result,
words are formed that express only different concepts
that belong only to a certain people - such concepts are
alien to other peoples.
Thus, it is the linguistic behavior of the ethnos
that serves as a kind of mirror of the nation's mentality.
It vividly reflects the cultural, historical traditions and
national experience of the people. The ability of a
journalist
to
process,
interpret
and
express
information is an integral part of both national culture
and universal information culture.
The national landscape, typical of the author of
Mediamatn, selects the signs of reality according to its
internal laws and principles, integrates and transforms
all the information received. Random characters are
allocated, only the most characteristic, most
informative characters for a certain mentality are
recorded. Mediamatn acquires supertext strings that
reflect the linguistic (social) consciousness of the
social community.
Collecting the national values of the text and
considering them as a means of transferring them from
the author of the media product to the consumer, we
distinguish discourse as an object of research, that is,
a text arising from reality and at the same time
creating reality. A certain linguistic entity is involved
in discursive relations - the author and addressee of
the media work, which demonstrates their status in
terms of national and social roles.
A linguistic personality – a personality expressed
in language (texts) and language - is a subject of a
national community, consisting of «human speech
works – a set of abilities and descriptions that justify
the creation and adoption of texts». A linguistic
personality is a generalized image of the owner of
cultural-linguistic and communicative-activity values,
knowledge, goals and behavioral reactions. The main
feature of a linguistic personality is the presence of
linguistic consciousness, synthesizing the collective
and individual experience of a person. The linguistic
personality is based on the characteristics of the
system of human behavior, lifestyle, values of both the
individual and as a representative of a certain social
community.
Impact Factor:
ISRA
(India) =
6.317
ISI
(Dubai, UAE) =
1.582
GIF
(Australia) =
0.564
JIF = 1.500
SIS
(USA) =
0.912
РИНЦ
(Russia) =
3.939
ESJI
(KZ) =
9.035
SJIF
(Morocco)
= 7.184
ICV
(Poland)
= 6.630
PIF
(India)
= 1.940
IBI
(India)
= 4.260
OAJI
(USA)
= 0.350
Philadelphia, USA
418
Some types of media text are characterized by a
different ratio of relevant, effective, axiological and
thematic components, which are associated with
different «specific weight» of expressive language
means at different levels. Taking into account the
diachronic dimension in the analysis of a media text
of the same type, a certain dynamics can be noted in
the
lexical
groups
mentioned
above.
The
corresponding type of this text is explained by its
importance in the media space, the needs of the
addressee and addressee. In this case, the choice of
appropriate linguistic means is determined by the need
to draw the attention of the addressee to the text, the
desire to give his own interpretation of the event,
including the expression of an evaluative attitude
towards the event.
The media space contains information about the
values that are priority in the corresponding linguistic
culture, the connection with them justifies the concept
of the media text and its semantic interpretation.
Internal and external factors related to the media make
adjustments to the corresponding processes.
References:
1.
Gumbol`dt, V. (1984).
Fon. Izbrannye trudy po
jazykoznaniu
. - Moscow: Progress.
2.
Gumbol`dt, V. (1985).
Harakter jazyka i
harakter naroda . Jazyk i filosofija kul`tury
. -
Moscow: Progress.
3.
Gegel`, G. V. (1968).
Jestetika
. - T. 1.- Moscow:
Nauka.
4.
Kremer, I. Jy. (2004). Lingvisticheskaja
reprezentacija Mental`nosti avtora kriticheskogo
teksta.
Vestnik Moskovskogo lingvistichekogo
universiteta
, Serija, 560, - Moscow.
5.
Golovanivskaja, M. K. (1997).
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Sedyh, A.P. (2004).
Jazykovaja lichnost` i jetnos
(nacional`no
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kul`turnye
osobennosti
kommunikativnogo
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russkih
i
francuzov)
. Moscow: Kompanija Sputnik+.
7.
Valeeva, A.F. (2003).
Jazykovoe povedenie v
polijetnicheskom obshhestve (sociologicheskaja
diversifikativnost`)
. Saratov: Iz-vo Saratovsk.
un-ta.
8.
Sternin,
I.
A.
(2000).
Ponjatie
kommunikativnogo povedenija i problemy ego
issledovanija.
Russkoe
i
finskoe
kommunikativnoe povedenie
. - Voronezh: Izd-vo
VGTU.
9.
Maslova,
A.
Jy.
(2008).
Vvedenie
v
pragmalingvistiku
. Moscow: Flinta.
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Taupova, O.I. (2017). Mediakommunikacija s
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Bashkirskogo universiteta
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