№ 6 (2025) Current approaches and new research in modern sciences

Ushbu maqola o‘zbek badiiy kinosida ovoz va akustik pauza kontrasti orqali yaratilgan akustik makonning estetik-falsafiy ahamiyatini tahlil qiladi. Ovoz rejissyoraligining dramaturgik vosita sifatidagi roli, ayniqsa, pauza orqali hosil bo‘ladigan ichki sukunat, tomoshabin tafakkurini faollashtiruvchi unsur sifatida qaraladi. Maqolada ovoz va sukunat o‘rtasidagi dialektik munosabat orqali insonning emotsional qabulini ongli idrokka yo‘naltirish, shuningdek, film mazmunidagi falsafiy qatlamlarni yoritish usullari yoritiladi. Bu yondashuv kinoakustikaning nafaqat texnik, balki semantik va estetik jihatlarini ham chuqur o‘rganishni taqozo etadi.

Цель обзора – систематизировать современные биологические и технологические основы регенерации пульпы зуба с применением мезенхимальных стволовых клеток. Рассматриваются основные клеточные кандидаты (DPSC, SHED) и их одонтобластический потенциал; ключевые сигнальные пути SDF-1/CXCR4 и BMP/VEGF, а также стимулирующее действие экстрацеллюлярных везикул Schwann-клеток на миграцию и пролиферацию стволовых клеток. Проанализированы клинические данные: у 70 % пациентов после трансплантации SHED восстанавливается кровоток в пульпе, тогда как гиперкальцификация выявляется в 30 % случаев.

Endangered languages represent a critical cultural crisis, as each lost language means the disappearance of unique worldviews, traditions, and indigenous knowledge. This article examines the causes of language endangerment—such as globalization and marginalization—and its impact on cultural identity. It also highlights global and community efforts to preserve linguistic diversity. The study calls for urgent action to protect these languages as essential parts of humanity’s cultural heritage.

Toxic liver damage can manifest itself in acute and chronic forms. Acute liver injury is characterized by necrosis and fatty degeneration of liver cells, hemodynamic disorders, edema and protein cell degeneration. It develops 2-3 days after exposure to the damaging agent and is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, weakness, loss of appetite, pain in the right hypochondrium, intense urine staining, jaundice of the sclera and skin. Hemorrhagic and hepatorenal syndromes may develop. In contrast to acute TG, the clinical picture of chronic toxic liver lesions is unexpressed, characterized by a relatively benign course without a tendency to progression [5; 6]. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine synthesized mainly by activated T-lymphocytes and plays a key role in regulating the immune response. In the context of alcoholic liver damage, IL-2 is involved in a complex cascade of immuno-inflammatory reactions accompanying damage to hepatocytes.

Bugungi kunda axborot texnologiyalari inson hayotining deyarli barcha jabhalariga kirib kelgan va uning ajralmas qismiga aylangan.Raqamli texnologiyalar hayotimizga chuqur kirib kelar ekan, insonlar uchun turli qulayliklar yaratilmoqda. Elektron to‘lovlar, onlayn ta’lim, masofaviy ish, internet bank xizmatlari — bularning barchasi zamonaviy inson faoliyatining ajralmas qismiga aylangan.Internet tarmoqlarining keng tarqalishi, raqamli xizmatlarning rivojlanishi va ulardan foydalanish hajmining ortib bormoqda ammo bu qulayliklar bilan bir qatorda, kiberxavfsizlik deb ataluvchi jiddiy muammolar ham yuzaga kelmoqda.  Kiberxavfsizlik — bu axborot tizimlari, kompyuter tarmoqlari va foydalanuvchi ma’lumotlarini ruxsatsiz kirish, o‘g‘rilik, zararli dasturlar va boshqa tahdidlardan himoya qilish tizimidir. Bugungi kunda bu sohaga e’tibor qaratmaslik katta xavflarga olib kelishi mumkin.

Ўзбекистон Республикасининг ҳуқуқий тизимини хусусан, жиноят қонунчилигини либераллаштириш ва такомиллаштириш борасида кенг қамровли ислоҳотлар олиб борилмоқда. Шундай бўлса-да, ҳанузгача жиноят қонунида ўз ечимини кутаётган муаммолар ҳам йўқ эмас. Улардан бири, таносил ёки ОИВ касаллиги/ОИТСни тарқатиш учун жиноий жавобгарлик белгиланган нормаларни амалда қўллашда юзага келаётган муаммолардир. Зеро, ушбу норманинг такомиллаштирилиши келгусида таносил ёки ОИВ касаллиги/ОИТСни тарқатишга қарши курашишнинг жиноят-ҳуқуқий чораларини такомиллаштиришга хизмат қилади.

Ushbu ilmiy tezisda sanoat korxonalarining raqobatbardoshligini oshirishda innovatsion modellarni qo‘llash zarurati va samaradorligi o‘rganiladi. Bugungi globallashuv va texnologik taraqqiyot sharoitida korxonalar faqat ishlab chiqarish hajmi bilan emas, balki innovatsion yondashuvlar bilan ham ajralib turishi zarur. Tezisda texnoparklar, innovatsion markazlar, startap inkubatorlar va ilmiy-tadqiqot institutlari bilan hamkorlik asosida shakllangan model va amaliyotlar tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, innovatsion faoliyatni rag‘batlantirish, kadrlar salohiyatini oshirish, raqamli texnologiyalarni joriy etish va moliyaviy barqarorlikni ta’minlash orqali raqobat ustunligiga erishish yo‘llari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Natijada, innovatsion infratuzilmalarni samarali boshqarish orqali sanoat korxonalari iqtisodiy o‘sishning barqaror manbalariga ega bo‘lishi mumkinligi asoslanadi.

В статье рассматривается порядок оценки поступления товаров на производственных предприятиях. Процесс приема, регистрации, оценки и документирования товаров оказывает прямое влияние на достоверность бухгалтерского учета и финансовой отчетности. Представлены предложения по совершенствованию порядка учета поступления товаров на основе теоретических стандартов и практических наблюдений.

Бугунги кунда Ўзбекистон Республикасида вояга етмаганларга нисбатан жуда катта эътибор қаратиб келинмоқда. Ўзбекистон Республикасида олиб борилаётган барча ислоҳотлар юртимиз равнақи, инсон қадри ва манфаатлари учун амалга оширилаётганлигининг гувоҳимиз. Албатта юртимизда амалга оширилаётган кенг кўламли ислоҳотларнинг барчаси инсон қадри учун қилинмоқда, бундан кўзланган мақсад фуқароларнинг тинч ва осойишта ҳаёт кечиришни таминлаш  ва юртимизда қонун устуворлигини ўрнатишга хар бир соҳада алоҳида эътибор қаратилмоқда.

This article explores the position of refugee rights within the European legal system, analyzing how core human rights principles are integrated into laws and policies governing asylum and migration. It examines international legal obligations, particularly the 1951 Refugee Convention and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), and their influence on European Union (EU) legislation and the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The article also considers the impact of recent refugee crises on the evolution of legal norms and assesses whether the European legal framework sufficiently protects the rights of refugees, especially in the context of border controls, detention, non-refoulement, and socio-economic rights. Through doctrinal and comparative legal analysis, the paper argues for a more cohesive and rights-based approach to refugee protection in Europe.

This article presents the author's views on the processes of social adaptation of the population relocated from the Nurota oasis to the newly developed lands.

This study aims to investigate the genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains responsible for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and to propose optimized treatment algorithms. A total of 280 clinical isolates from XDR-TB patients across Uzbekistan were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Mutations in key resistance-associated genes (katG, rpoB, gyrA, rrl, Rv0678) were identified. High-resolution genotyping revealed the predominance of the Beijing lineage. Correlation analysis between genotypic profiles and clinical response enabled the development of individualized treatment algorithms. The findings highlight the importance of integrating molecular diagnostics into national TB control strategies to improve treatment outcomes and limit the spread of XDR-TB.

Cybercrime has emerged as one of the most dangerous forms of transnational crime in the modern era. This article explores the complexities involved in preventing, detecting, and investigating cybercrime, with particular attention to the challenges arising from transboundary offenses, lack of unified investigative approaches, and technological sophistication. The paper examines current methods of combating cybercrime in Uzbekistan's national legislation and highlights the importance of interagency and international cooperation. It also outlines criminological, criminal procedural, and legal approaches as the three main pillars of effective cybercrime prevention and emphasizes the need for a multi-tiered institutional cybersecurity framework to ensure legal protection and reduce cyber threats.

В данной статье будет проанализирована история, этапы развития и современное состояние норм права, регулирующих ответственность за преступление лжесвидетельства. В частности, речь идет о формировании, изменении и современных тенденциях этой нормы в системе уголовного права Узбекистана. Также приводятся аналитические выводы, основанные на сравнении с практикой развития в зарубежных странах.

During the reign of the Khiva Khanate, there were many madrasahs in Khiva, one of the largest and most famous of which was the madrasah built by the Khiva Khan Muhammad Rahimkhan. The founder of the madrasah, Muhammad Rahimkhan II, was an enlightened ruler and wrote poems under the pseudonym "Feruz". The khan became famous as an enlightened ruler who patronized science and poets. During the heyday of the khanate, Muhammad Rahimkhan carried out a lot of work on the improvement of cities, various political and economic reforms, but the most important were reforms in the field of education. All this led to the opening of several new schools in Khiva with new teaching methods - not only traditional religious subjects were taught, but also secular ones: mathematics, literature, astronomy, geography. Kamil Khorezmi and other poets wrote several poetic dedications to the date of the construction of the madrasa and palace of this ruler.