362
4-SHOʻBA
BIOTEXNOLOGIYA SOHASIDA INNOVATSION
TADQIQOTLAR
ISOLATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS
1
Shokhiddinova M.N.,
1
Normurodova K.T.,
1,2
Shukurov I.
1
National University of Uzbekistan named after M.Ulugbek, Tashkent
1,2
SIM Safety Institute Corporation, Senior researcher, Japan
shoxiddinovamoxichehra@gmail.com
Today, the intensive development of applied microbiology makes it possible to
isolate new generation endophytic microorganisms synthes many biologically active
secondary metabolites (eg proteins, enzymes, vitamins, phytohormones, etc.) and their
use in agriculture and medicine opens wide opportunities in the national economy.
According to the analysis of the data presented in the literature, endophytic
microorganisms are found to be more common in the roots, stems and leaves of plants.
Because roots, stems and leaves are rich in nutrients necessary for microorganisms and
living condition is favourable for them, the endophytic microorganisms found in plant
leaves and roots can move up and down the plant while dissolved in water.
Purpose of the work: Isolation of endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants.
It is known that as a result of the intensive development of applied microbiology
and biotechnology, a new generation of endophytic microorganisms has been isolated
and their wide use in the national economy is realized. In addition, they are considered
useful in biological protection of mankind and have high enzyme production abilities,
and obtaining and using probiotics or creating and using biological preparations, based
on living culture associations of endophytic bacteria synthesizing biologically active
secondary metabolites, are also essential part of the national economy.
Taking into account the above-mentioned information, in order to isolate
endophytic bacteria isolates from some medicinal plants found in fields and yards of
our country, bacterial isolates were isolated from the tissues of the roots, stems and
leaves of medicinal plants included in the list of the pharmacopoeia, such as
Plantago
major L., Hypericum perforatum L., Kalanchoe daigremontiana, Cichorium intybus L.,
Melissa officinalis L., Mentha piperita L., Matricaria recutita L.
etc.
Endophytic bacteria isolates of selected medicinal plants
The name of medicinal plants
Root (R)
Stem (S)
Leaf (L)
Total
Plantago major L.
2
4
1
7
Hypericum perforatum L.
2
2
1
5
Kalanchoe daigremontiana
2
3
3
8
Cichorium intybus L.
2
3
3
8
Melissa officinalis L.
1
3
1
5
Mentha piperita L.
3
3
1
7
Matricaria recutita L.
2
2
1
5
363
According to the results of the research, a total of 45 isolates were isolated from
stems, leaves and roots of the selected medicinal plants. Some isolated endophytic
bacterial isolates were studied for their affinity levels for 1% casein and 1% starch and
parameters such as hydrolysis zones, color, transparency, colony edges and surface
parts.
Among these isolates, it was observed that the size of the hydrolysis zone of the
isolate
extracted from the leaf of
Kalanchoe daigremontiana
– KD - L7 was 6-10 mm,
it possessed clear silk color, flat edge, clear transparency, dense and shiny surface, and
it had high affinity for 1% casein, where its affinity level for 1% amylose was relatively
less.
It is observed that while hydrolysis zone size of MoL - L5 isolate isolated from
leaves of one of the medicinal plants, Melissa officinalis L., was 5-8 mm, the color was
brown, the edge was flat and its transparency was translucent and it had embossed
surface, the isolate MrL - R2 extracted from the root of Matricaria recutita L. had a
hydrolysis zone size of 4-7 mm and its color was clear, smooth, rough, transparent, and
shiny.
Accordingly, KD - L7 isolate extracted from the leaf of
Kalanchoe
daigremontiana L.
was selected as an object in our further studies because of its higher
affinity for 1% casein and 1% amylose and larger hydrolysis zones comparing to
isolates MoL - L5 extracted from the leaf of
Melissa officinalis L.
and MrL - R2
extracted from the root of
Matricaria recutita L
.
In conclusion, among the medicinal plants such as
Plantago major L.,
Hypericum perforatum L., Kalanchoe daigremontiana, Cichorium intybus L., Melissa
officinalis L., Mentha piperita L., Matricaria recutita L.
found in fields and yards,
relatively more endophytic bacteria were found in
Kalanchoe daigremontiana
and
Cichorium intybus L.
References:
1.
Normurodova K.T., Shoxiddinova М.N. Introduction of endophitic bacteria
of plants and study of their morphological and cultural properties // The American
Journal of Horticulture and Floriculture Research, 2021, 03 (12-02), P. 4-9. (Impact
Factor – 5.731)
2.
Нормуродова Қ.Т., Шохиддинова М.Н. Эндофит бактерияларининг
қишлоқ хўжалигидаги истиқболлари // “ЎзМУ хабарлари” журнали. - Тошкент,
2020. №3/2. – Б. 108-112
3.
Чеботарь В.К., Заплаткин А.Н., Щербаков А.В., и др. Микробные
препараты на основе эндофитных и ризобактерий, которые перспективны для
повышения продуктивности и эффективности использования минеральных
удобрений у ярового ячменя (Hordeum vulgare L.) и овощных культур //
Сельскохозяйственная биология. – 2016. – Т. 51 - № 3. – С. 335–342
4.
Элова Н.А., Нормуродова К.Т., Файзуллаев О.А., Бердикулова Г.С.
Метаболическая активность местных штаммов лактобацилл-продуцентов
экзополисахаридов // International scientific journal of science and innovation, 2022,
1 (7): 339-348. (Impact Factor – 8.2).
364
5.
Shoxiddinova М.N., Tojeyev B.B., Tojiyeva M.B. Search and isolation of
endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants and determination of their morphological
and cultural properties // Eurasian Journal of Research, Development and Innovation,
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DORIVOR SARSABIL (ASPARAGUS OFFICINALIS L.) O‘SIMLIGINI
SHIFOBAXSH XUSUSIYATLARI VA YETISHTIRISH
TEXNOLOGIYALARI
(PhD), dots. Mustafakulov Muhammadjon Abduvaliyevich,
Mamatkulova Iroda Ergashovna,
Aliqulov Sardor Mamatqul o’g’li,
Anvarov Boburjon Bahodir o‘g‘li,
Oʻzbekiston Milliy Universiteti Jizzax filiali
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqolada sarsabil (sparja) o‘simligining kelib chiqishi va
tarqalishi hamda foydalanilishi haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
sparja (sarsabil), sabzavot, lolaguldoshlar, kaltabarg, ko‘p yillik
sarsabil novdalari, hosildorlik.
Dorivor sarsabil (Asparagus offcinalis L.) –lolaguldoshlar oilasiga mansub
sabzavot va manzarali dorivor o‘simlikdir [1, 2]. Uning Yevropa, Osiyo va Afrikada
150 turi bor. Oʻzbekistonda 2 turi yovvoyi holda uchraydi. Kaltabarg sarsabil
(A.Brachyphyllus Turez.), persid sarsabil (A. Persicus Baker.) koʻp yillik, chirmashib
oʻsadigan oʻt. Ikkala turi ham boshqa belgilari bilan bir-biriga oʻxshash, boʻyi 50-150
sm. Barglari mayda, barg qoʻltigʻida ninasimon koʻrinishda. Shakli oʻzgargan
shoxchalar –kladodiylar hosil qiladi. Mevasi rezavor, rangi qizil. May oyida gullab,
iyunda meva beradi. Toʻqaylarda oʻsadi [3, 4]. Kimyoviy tarkibi. Tarkibida 2% oqsil,
2,4% uglevodlar (klechatkadan tashqari), vitaminlar B, B2, PP, provitamin A mavjud.
Sarsabil vitamin va minerallarga boy, ko‘p miqdorda foliy kislotasiga ega. Sarsabildan
asparagin olinadi. Hosildorligi 30–35 s/ga. Sarsabil ekilgan maydonlardan 10–15 yil
hosil olinadi. Sarsabil asparagus nomi bilan manzarali oʻsimlik sifatida ham oʻstiriladi
[5]. Ayniqsa u bog‘da yetishtirilganda uning poyalarining balandligi bir metrdan
oshadi. Gullari mayda, qoʻngʻiroqsimon, yashil-sariq, mevasi sharsimon qizil
rezavordir. Dorivor xomashyo ildiz va yosh kurtaklar, mevalardir. Ildiz va ildizlarda
asparagin va saponin, kurtaklarda –asparagin, karotin va B, C vitaminlari, yog‘lar va
shakar mevalarda uchraydi. Eng qizig‘i, ko‘p mamlakatlarda sarsabil dorivor
o‘simliklar sirasiga kiradi. U arterial qon bosimini pasaytirib, yurak qisqaruvi ritmini
sekinlashtiradi, periferik tomirlarni kengaytiradi va charchoqni oladi. Qolaversa,
sarsabil organizmdan zararli moddalarni chiqarib tashlashga yordamlashadi, shuning
uchun u buyrak, yurak, bod, podagra va boshqa kasalliklarda tavsiya qilinadi. U
immunitetni mustahkamlash va ko‘rish qobiliyatini yaxshilashga xizmat qiladi.
Sarsabil qadimgi Misrda xudolar ozuqasi, deb hisoblangan bo‘lsa, Fransiyada
“sabzavotlar qiroli” deb atalgan. Uni iste’mol qilish borasida Germaniya yetakchi
