There has been a great deal of research on kinship in translation and linguistics. Linguoculturologically, etymologically, it has been studied in relation to the words of reference. This article is also about words related to kinship and their translations into Urdu. It describes the methods used by the Pakistani translator in translating these words, and the advantages and disadvantages of the translation. In this article, the words kinship is studied more as a unit of reference.
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