All articles - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Subject of enquiry: different types of mycoses.
Aim of enquiry: develop methods of allocation, clearing glucosooxydasa from Aspergillus Niger, investigate of properties and compare of this method with another
Methods of enquiry: methods of cultivation, deferential centrifigure, chromatography, gel filtration, immunologic investigation.
The results achieved and their novelty: For the first time in Uzbekistan was allocated glucosooxydasa from Aspergillus Niger and properties were investigated. Effectively implementation of this ferment in quantity in biologic fluid was determine.
Practical value: antibody for glucosooxydasa were get and created affine column, which let for ones allocate this ferment. On the basis of allocated ferments was build set for determine of glucose in biological fluids.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: obtained results expand available representations about allocation, clearing and properties ferments; will help to create domestic sets for definition glucose in biological fluids.
Sphere of usage: Biochemistry, medicine, laboratory diagnostics.

Subject of the inquiry: brain of 168 mongrel rats
Aim of the inquiry: to define peculiarities and mechanisms of receptor properties disorder of brain cell membrane in experimental pathology of thyroid glands. Methods of inquiry: biochemical, biophysical, morphological, statistical.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time, it has been shown that hyperthyroidism results in reduction, but hypothyroidism - in density increase of GAOA - benzodiazepine-binding sites on GAOA receptors as well as CPP-binding sites on glutamate receptors of NMDA-type in synaptosomes. At the same time, the density of kainite-binding sites on glutamate receptors of kainite-type in synaptosomes from different areas in hypothyroidism is decreased but in hyperthyroidism is increased.G-6-PDG and K+, Na+- ATPase activity in hypothyroidism has been decreased as far as pathology progressing, in hyperthyroidism has been increased. In rats with hypo- and hyperthyroidism there revealed disbalance in POL/AOD system which promotes the development of hyperperoxidation of lipids more marked in thyroid gland hypofunction. Hypo-and hyperthyroidism in rats result in the development of discirculatory changes of different peculiarities in all areas of brain. Histochemically, in hyperthyroidism reduction of content nerve cells of tigroid substance in cytoplasm are noted, but in hypothyroidism hyperchromia and hypertrophy are detected.
Practical value: the work mainly has fundamental character and finds out the mechanism of receptor properties disorder of brain cells conditioning peculiarities of the development of neurological manifestations in thyroid gland pathologies, their interconnection with structural and functional membrane disorders.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: study results have been embedded into practice of CRL TMA experimental department, introduced in academic process - in delivering of lectures and practical lessons in Biochemistry. Field of application: fundamental medicine and biology.

Subjects of the inquiry: Rat liver mytochondria, phytoccdystcroids (PEC-ccdystcron, turkcstcron), ncrobol.
Aim of the inquiry: Determination of Ca+2 transport, respiration and oxidative phosphorilation, ATPase activity, rotenone-insensitivity NAD.N-oxidase, rotenone-sensitive NAD.N-oxidase, succinic oxidase and cytochrome C-oxidasc, lipid contents, lipid peroxidation processes, hydrolithic activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and phospholipase Al (LPLA1), liver mytochondria.
Methods of investigation: polarography, pH-mctry, thin layer chromatography, spectrophotometry.
The results achieved and their novelty: The administration of PES and ncrobol to the diabetic animals (DA) resulted in slowing of calcium ions, restoration of OP parameters, ATPase and oxidase activity, lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation processes and activity of liver mytochondria lypolitic enzymes. Prolonged administration of PEC and ncrobol into the DA resulted in reduction of NAD-dependent substrates of liver mytochondria oxidation. At the same time ecdystcron and nerobol have no effect on the increase in activity of cytochrom C cuccinic oxidase. The studied preparations provided increase in phosfatidycholin; turkcstcron increases the content of (phosphatidylinosit) PI; ecdystcron and ncrobol provide partial restoration of PI content. Ncrobol provides full and PEC partial restoration of the content of posphatidylscrine.
Practical value: The results presented in this work significantly broaden knowledge about molecular mechanism of PEC and ncrobol effect on the liver mytochondria under the hyperglycemia.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: The principles of correction of structure and functional disturbances in liver mytochondria membrane used in the work occupy the special place in the development of target pathogenic treatment of the patients with hyperglycemia; obtained results fulfill knowledge in rat biochemistry and allow carrying new scientific investigations and improving teaching process.
Field of application: biochemistry, diabctology, physiology, pathologic physiology, hepatology, clinical pharmacology.

Subject of research: Gleditsia seeds, aerial parts of Cardaria repens
Purpose of work: comprehensive study of polysaccharides in the aerial part of Cardaria repens and seeds of Gleditsia, both grown in the local region; establishing structural features of the chemical constitution of arabinogalactan Cardaria repens and galactomannanes of unstudied species of Gleditsia, detection of their specific biological activity and ways of their use in the national economy.
Methods of research: chemical and physical (IR-, I3C, 'Н - NMR spectroscopy).
The results obtained and their novelty: New data received on the structure and properties of herbal galactomannanes of Gleditsia genus and arabinogalactan Cardaria repens with wide opportunities for their use.
Chemical and spectral methods revealed that arabinogalactan C. repens consists of P-1->6 linked galactopyranose residues, lateral branches along C-3 and C-2 are made of the residues of arabinose and galacturonic acid.
It is proved that galactomannanes of Gleditsia represent a branched polymer, the main polyglicoside chain of which consists of P-1,4 linked mannan, where a part of mannose residues is substituted by a-D-galactopyranose in 0-6 position.
For the first time, a branched arabinogalactomannan and inulin-type glucofructan are isolated from seeds of G. macracantha and their structures identified.
It is determined that galactomannanes are chemotaxonomic markers for this genus of plants and complement the database on chemosystematics of the representatives of Fabaceae family in order to identify galactomannanes.
Practical value: A biologically active supplement «glefud» is created on the basis of polysaccharide to control weight of overweight people.
A new reagent called «gledol» is developed and produced for immunological and cytological studies. It substitutes an imported synthetic medication, «ficoll».
«Gledan», a paint hardener is developed to be used in textile printing.
Degree of embed and economic effictivity: All documentation on gledol has been submitted to the Head Department of Drug and Medical Equipment Quality Control of Public Health Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan to register and sell the reagent.
Field of application: medicine, textile industry.

Subjects of research: derivatives of alkaloid cytisine and l-phenyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline.
Purpose of work: development of methods for synthesis of new N-benzyl derivatives of cytisine and asymmetric bimolecular compounds on the basis of cytisine and substituted 1 -phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines with the purpose to obtain biologically perspective substances.
Methods of research: methods of organic synthesis, mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, RSA, chromatography (TLC, column), computational methods of computer chemistry, and biological analysis methods.
The results obtained and their novelty: targeted synthesis of N-benzyl derivatives of cytisine by reaction with aromatic aldehydes has been carried out. The conditions of obtaining l-phenyl-6,7-dimethoxy-l,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives by Pictet-Spengler reaction have been found. Synthesis of bimolecular compounds using the derivatives and cytisine has been carried out for the first time. Conditions of these reactions were developed. 38 new substances have been synthesized.
Practical value: a simple method of obtaining N-benzyl derivatives of cytisine and N-(3-oxobutyl)cytisine has been suggested.
As a result of pharmacological investigations, compounds with N-cholinestimulating, N-cholinolytic, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema and spasmolytic (papaverine like) action have been found among derivatives obtained from cytisine. All the obtained compounds are low toxic. It shows new possibilities for search of medicinal preparations on the basis of these compounds.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: as a result of the investigations, l-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-l,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline has been suggested as a local anaesthetic preparation. An application for patent for compound obtaining method has been handed in.
Field of application: Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry, Chemistry of natural compounds and physiologically active compounds, Medicine.

Subjects of the inquiry: higher aquatic plants - E. crassipes Solms, P. Stratiotes L., A. caroliniana Willd. and Lemna minor L.
Aim of the inquiry: establish the cyanid and rodanids’ waste waters cleanag’s biotechnology with usage of higher aquatic plants.
Method of the inquiry: laboratory and field experiments, phenological, anatomical, microbiological methods, qualitative and quantitative analysis ions, netron-activational analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: physical properties, chemical content, species diversity and quantity of microorganisms, microspcopic weeds and protozoa in cyanid and rodanid waters OAS “Navoiazot” were determined for the first time. The cyanid and rodanids’ waste water cleanage possibilities were revealed and biotechnological method was worked out. Anatomical structure was compcratively studied and the quantity of macro and macroelements in high aquatic plants biomass, grown on cyanid and rodanid waste waters were determined.
Practical value: scientifically based system for efficient cyanid and rodanid waste waters clcanage using aquatic value. The recommendations on cyanid and rodanid waste waters clcanage were worked out. Research results used in teaching ecology, nature protection, biotechnology and microbiology at the BSU and NavPL
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the recommendations on implementation of obtained results for Committee on Natur Preserve of Navoi region (report dated from 08.04.2009) and OAS “Navoiazot” (report dated from 27.05.2009) arc prepared.
Sphere of usage: biotechnology, ecology, microbiology, nature protection.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. Today, cotton industry plays an important role in the economy of many developed countries. One of the main enemies of cotton arc harmful fungi. According to the information of Cotton Foundation, “cotton diseases caused by pathogens are affecting 12% of the crop.” In the USA alone the annual loss can reach 11.7%, in Brazil and African countries -50%, and in India - 20%. 1
The fungi of Fusarium species are widely spread in the nature, which make the biggest and different biologic group of such fungi. Most of the fungi of the following genus arc phytotrophs which can affect more than 120 species of plants and cause significant economic damage to agriculture in many countries, including Uzbekistan. Pathogenic Fusarium species are grouped into specialized forms formae specialis (f. sp.), based on their ability to cause damage to a particular plant. Currently, there arc more than 80 types of specialized forms.
Before, Verticilium mushroom species was considered to be the major causative agent of the cotton disease, in view of this all selections of cotton have been oriented towards the creation of varieties resistant to Verticilium. But in recent years, due to the impact of different biotic factors (climate change regime, violation of the water regime, etc.), there have been changes in the pathogenic background of our country. Therefore, the issue of identifying the special forms of pathogenic Fusarium species in our country is still very critical.
Mostly, the growth and spread of Fusarium wilt is reported not only on fine-fibre (Gossypium barbadense), but also on the average-fibre cotton varieties. The new unknown kinds of pathogens like Fusarium solani were found on the cotton plant in Bukhara region, which can cause root decay.
As was mentioned above, the actual problem of cotton is not only creating wilt resistant varieties of cotton, but, at the same time, arc also identifying plant pathogenic background of our country, revealing dangerous isolates and assessing their pathogenicity exactly, making pathogenic maps and working out recommendations.
This dissertation research to some extent serves to carry out the tasks provided in the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No 148 “On measures of improving the structure and increasing the efficiency of plant protection service” of March 29, 2004, as well as in other legal documents adopted in this area.
The aims of the research are comprehensive molecular genetic identification of the genome of Fusarium pathogens and evaluation of the pathogcnecity of frequently encountered races and species in relation to the local varieties of cotton.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
For the first time the analysis of the genome of Fusarium pathogens was done, and re-sequencing of important single-copy genes of pathogens (TEF-la, ВТ, rDNA, NIR, PHO) was carried out. Based on the nucleotide sequence of a beta tubulin gene (ВТ), SNP universal primers were designed that arc capable of identifying the races 2, 3, 8, and group A and В forms of the pathogens of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum.
Primer pairs with the ability to identify 3 and 8 race species Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum were developed on the basis of the method of allelespecific PCR (ASPCR).
In Uzbekistan 6 species of genus Fusarium (Fusarium solani, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium sporotrichioides, Fusarium fujikuroi, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum) were identified molecular taxonomically.
The races 3, 4 and 6 of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum were determined common in Uzbekistan.
The virulence degree of the pathogens of Fusarium species in relation to the widely cultivated varieties of cotton was shown.
For the first time the detailed pathogenicity and the most dangerous pathogens of cotton as follows were identified through molecular genetic methods: 3 race Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum and new pathogen species for Uzbekistan Fusarium solani.
Genetic population of “Mebane Bl” x “11970” was created segregating for resistance to Fusarium wilt in the ratio of 3:1, and 237 polymorphic locuses were found.
Potential genes resistant to cotton wilt were identified.
Genetic mapping was conducted, and we identified two locuses BNL1145_259 and BNL3442_112 associated with the resistance to wilt. Using in silico PCR we identified the candidate genes located near these markers through bioinformatical methods.
Pathogenic maps were designed with the application of labels on the distribution of species in geographic coordinates.
CONCLUSION
As a result of the researches carried out on the theme of the doctoral dissertation “Molecular identification and characterization of pathogens genus Fusarium affecting cotton in Uzbekistan”, the following conclusions were presented:
1. The identification of species of pathogens was carried out. In the phytopathogcnic background of Uzbekistan, 6 species were revealed {Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum, Fusarium equisity, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium fujikuroi and Fusarium sporotrichioides).
2. For the first time, using the method of sequencing by single copy genes FOV races 3, 4 and 6 have been identified, which are common in Uzbekistan,.
3. Virulent isolates were revealed. It was found that the most pathogenic fungi arc F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum race 3 (isolate 316) and F. solani (isolates 503, 519 and 520, in particular).
4. Nucleotide sequences were identified on the basis of four single-copy genes. On the basis of their nucleotide sequences specific primer types and races were designed using SNP and ASPCR methods.
5. On the basis of cotton cross-breeding combinations wilt resistant populations of “Mebane Bl” x “11970” were created.
6. The locuses determining a number of cotton signs (first branch height, plant height, number of sympodium, branch length) were identified.
7. QTL-analysis was conducted to determine the degree of coupling of the mapped markers with cotton resistant to wilt. Three linkage groups containing the locuses resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum were identified.
8. Based on the obtained genetic maps and QTL-analysis the markers were identified that can be potentially used in marker-associated cotton breeding, as well as for the isolation and detailed study of candidate genes.
9. in silico analysis was carried out. 11 genes of Fusarium and 4 genes of Gossypium were determined, which arc responsible for the synthesis of secondary metabolites and mycotoxins, and cotton resistance to external stimuli (contamination with pathogens).

Subjects of research: samples DNA received from blood of sick and healthy donors, the thyroid glands of patients removed during operation concerning various tumors.
Purpose of work: studying structurally - functional features and laws expression TG gene at various tumors of a thyroid gland, studying of the molecular-genetic mechanism of formation of tumors of a thyroid gland, studying of infringements of regulation expression TG gene and creation of theoretical base for early diagnostics of these diseases.
Methods of researches: allocation of polyribosomes by a magnesium method, allocation total RNA, reception of immunosorbent PABC-TG:aTG, allocation high-molecular DNA, processing DNA restriction endonucleases, electrophoresis products of hydrolysis DNA by restriction endonucleases, hybridization of the nylon filters " Biodan " containing fragments DNA with 32P-marked cDNA, polymerase chain reaction.
The results obtained and their novelty: it is received immunosorbent PABC-TG:aTG. The size of a population individual TG polyribosomes is determined Is shown, that at papillary adcnocarcinomc decrease of the maintenance individual TG polyribosomes is observed. At papillary adcnocarcinomc chromosomal aberrations that leads to genetic instability arc revealed, frequency of chromosomal aberrations makes 2,8 %. It is shown, that at papillary adcnocarcinomc occur infringement of regulation expression TG gene at a level of synthesis mRNA, i.e. at a level of a transcription.
Practical value: Introduction in practice of molecular-genetic methods of researches of tumors of a thyroid gland stimulate more full understanding of the mechanism canccrogenesis, that is essential criterion of the forecast of an outcome of disease.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: Results of researches can be used by development of approaches for early diagnostics of tumors of a thyroid gland, and also at reading rates of molecular biology and biochemistry of hormones at biological faculties of Universities, and rates endocrinology in medical institutes.
Field of application: biochemistry, molecular biology, biotechnology, medicine, endocrinology.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. One of the urgent tasks of bioorganic chemistry, cell biology and pharmacology is the identification of novel compounds having antitumor property and other biological mechanisms. For many years in the republic’s scientific laboratories systematic research conducted on the isolation and synthesis of various classes of compounds and the study of their pharmacological activity, some of the compounds tested on various biological activities such as anti-arrhythmic, cholinesterase, estrogenic and anti-inflammatory, however their cytotoxic activity has not be studied.
Screening of cytotoxic activity of chemical compounds, pharmaceuticals, in vitro medical devices on different cell cultures is an integral part of pre-clinical studies according to international standards GLP (Good Laboratory Practice). Methods of in vitro studies allow significantly reducing the cost and reducing the time of the preliminary study of new chemical compounds.
Such problems as the differentiation, tumorigenesis, cell motility, proliferation, transfer of genetic information, regulation of gene expression and others settled in the world of science, mainly with the use of cell cultures. Cell cultures are also of great importance for the solution of applied problems of medicine and agriculture. In particular, the main problems of application should include the massive industrial production of vaccines and physiologically active compounds, the preparation of monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technology, and the treatment of serious diseases using gene therapy and cell replacement therapy.
In connection with the above identification of compounds which inhibit the growth of tumor cells with low toxicity for normal cells and substances of proliferating the growth of normal cells, but not the cancerous for regenerative medicine, as well as preparation of hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to erythropoietin is relevant.
This research work to a certain degree corresponds to the tasks provided in the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November 28, 2011 № PP-1652 "On measures to further deepen the reform of the health system" and the Cabinet of Ministers of March 29, 2012 № 91 "on measures to further strengthen the material-technical base and improvement of the organization of medical institutions," and other legal documents.
The aims of the research work arc finding the cytostatic compounds -inhibitors of growth of cancer cells with low toxicity for normal cells and compounds accelerating the growth of normal cells without the growth of cancerous cells, and obtaining of hybrid cells (hybridomas) producing monoclonal antibodies to recombinant erythropoietin.
Scientific novelty of the dissertation work is that the first time:
new pharmacological activity of a number of compounds and extracts is identified;
It proved that extracts - from the genus Convolvulus, Vinca major plant and Arundo donax, and endophyte fungi, parasites of the plants of genus Vinca have selective cytotoxic activity on tumor cell cultures;
revealed a selective inhibitor of growth of larynx cancer cells - N-bcnzyl convolvin - derivative of alkaloid convolvin, which isolated from active extract of plants of the genus Convolvulus, docs not inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells, cervical and normal cells;
identified selective inhibitors of growth of cancer cells - n-Cl-phcnylacetic acid, n-Cl-phenoxyacctic acid and iodmcthylat of phenylhydrazonc of norfluorokurarin;
It found that chlorinated alkaloids including derivatives of convolvin and vinkanin, exhibit high cytotoxic activity on cancer cell cultures at a level of the drug Cisplatin;
a method of producing cultures of mesenchymal cells;
It proved that ecdystcronc increases proliferation of normal skin cells -fibroblasts and kcratinocytes, and not increases proliferation of cells of larynx cancer, breast cancer and cervical cancer;
It found that used allofibroblasts together with ecdystcrone increases proliferation autocpidcrmocyts and cpithclialization tissue, which can be used in the treatment of burn wounds;
received hybridoma - producers of monoclonal antibodies to recombinant erythropoietin.
CONCLUSIONS
1. The cytotoxic activity of the genus Vinca plants extracts and fungi endophytes, parasitic on the genus Vinca plants, on the larynx cancer cells cultures - HEp-2, cervical cancer - HcLa, breast cancer - HBL-100 and normal cells fibroblasts, hepatocytes was studied. It established that the extracts of both plants and fungi possess cytotoxic activity. The extract from roots of Vinca major shows greater specificity for HeLa cells, and extract the fungi endophytes Alternaria sp parasitic on Vinca erecta leaves has greater specificity for HBL-100 cells and with low cytotoxicity for normal cells.
2. The cytotoxic activity of total alkaloids fractions from genus Convolvulus, Arundo and Buxus plants was studied. It has been established that alkaloids from aerial parts of Convolvulus krauseanus inhibit the growth of HEp-2 cells, and Arundo donax roots alkaloids inhibit HEp-2 and HcLa cells growth, with low toxicity to fibroblasts.
3. The cytotoxic activity of tropanc alkaloids from genus of Convolvulus and their derivatives was studied. It established that cytotoxic activity depends on the nature of a radical at nitrogen atom of tropanc residue. N-bcnzyl convolvin had the highest specificity, inhibits the growth of HEp-2 cells (IC50 = 12.3 mM/1) with low toxicity for fibroblasts cells (ICso= 32.8 mM/1).
4 The cytotoxic activity of Vinca erecta alkaloid - norfluorocurarin and its synthetic derivatives was studied. It established that iodmcthylate of phenylhydrazone of norfluorocurarin has the highest selectivity to inhibit the growth of HEp-2 cells, HcLa and HBL-100 (IC50 =19,1 mM/1 for all cancer cells) with low toxicity to fibroblasts (IC50 = 95.5 mM/1).
5. The cytotoxic activity of derivatives of phenyl and phcnoxyacctic acids was studied. The selective growth inhibitor of larynx cancer cells - n-Cl-phenoxyacctic acid (IC50 value of 5.2 - 52 mM/1), with low toxicity for normal cells (IC50 = 442 mM/1) was determined. n-Cl-acctylphcnylacctic acid inhibits the growth of cells Hcp-2, HcLa and HBL-100 (IC50 = 4.7 mM/1) and low toxic for normal cells (IC50 = 94 mM/1).
6. The cytotoxic and proliferative activities of phytostcroids were studied. It established that phytosteroidc - ecdystcrone inhibited the growth of cancer cells Hcp-2, HcLa and HBL-100 to 15% and induced of proliferation of normal fibroblastic cells to 80%.
7. The method of obtaining of tissue-engineering construction of skin composed of fibroblasts on basis of collagen substrate for healing of burning wounds optimized. It was shown that the use of ecdystcrone in conjunction with tissue-engineering construction gives 2 times faster epithclialization of burning wounds.
8. The hybridomas producing of monoclonal antibodies to recombinant erythropoietin obtained. The two most promising subclonc of hybrid-producing cells that were subsequently used to obtaining of preparative quantities of monoclonal antibodies to recombinant erythropoietin were selected.
9. The monoclonal antibodies to recombinant erythropoietin obtained from ascites fluid, purified and characterized. It established that the monoclonal antibody to the recombinant erythropoietin was cross reacted with plasma erythropoietin and recombinant, and belong to the class of IgG. The antibody titer in ascetic fluid was 1 x 107, in culture - 2 x 104. The high titer of 4 x 107 showed the total fraction of purified MAbs-EPO.
10. The method for isolation of erythropoietin from human placental blood using of synthesized immunosorbent with monoclonal antibody to human erythropoietin was developed.
11. The Guidelines “Estimation of cytotoxicity of drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides and veterinary goods” (8H-R/18, 02.03.2016) developed and approved.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. As a result of increase in the processing industry in the world, environmental degradation and the effects of unreasonable use of natural resources, namely the growth needs of the industrial sectors in water resources, to humanity on the agenda raise the new tasks as universal problems. The objective of environmental protection is one of the large-scale, the most acute social problems of modern life and of its solution, the corresponding interests of all peoples, which fully determine the future of civilization.
In accord with the principle of sustainable development of the Republic of Uzbekistan an important primary task is the implementation of a harmonious correspondence sequentia macroeconomic planning with nature conservation policy, in close integration with the social and other sectors of policy. Environmental policy of the republic focused advisable goal to combination the transition from individual protected natural elements in general protected ecological systems along with the development of mechanisms based on the principle of guaranteeing the priority indicators of the human environment.
The main object of improving manufacturing processes and nature conservation acticity, is the modernization and reconstruction of industrial enterprises, reducing environmental impact, improving the efficiency of complex and rational use of natural resources through the implementation of environmentally friendly and resource-saving technologies, including energy recovery sources.
Using a large amount of water in the ore and metallurgical and chemical industries requires the implementation of a package of measures to reduce environmental pollution and introduction into production, from an environmental point of view, low-waste technologies. In the metallurgical, chemical and other industries for the treatment of industrial waste water, as well as the extraction of ions from certain metals, sorption ability, ion exchange sorbents and reagents have been widely used.
Due to the increasing needs of the republic in various assortments of ion exchange sorbents, their introduction is appropriate production based on local raw materials. The problem of the treatment of industrial waste water, as well as demineralization, can solve not only environmental issues, namely, to solve the effective implementation of material resources and raw materials of our country, through the production of import-substituting sorbents and reagents.
The presented dissertation is focused on ensuring the implementation of decisions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PP-1442 dated December 15, 2010 «On the priorities of industrial development of Uzbekistan in 2011-2015» and PP-142 dated May 27, 2013 «On the program of action for environmental protection in Uzbekistan 2013-2017», as well as on the permission of the tasks set out in other normative and legal documents, corresponding to the activity.
The research objective is exposure of the possibility of using ion exchange sorbents in the processes of demineralization, wastewater treatment from metal ions in the chemical and metallurgical industries, the development of methods for the obtaining reagents from waste production and effective ion exchange sorbents based on furfural.
The scientific novelty of the thesis research lies in the following:
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
There have been obtained the anion exchanger - sorbents, forming with nonferrous metal ions weakly alkaline multifunctional, thermo-chemically stable complex by polycondensation of furfural benzoguanidin with diphenylguanidine;
It has been obtained that monofunctional carboxyl cation exchanger - sorbent with properties of selective sorption for ions of non-ferrous metals and uranium from industrial solutions by condensation of furfural with acrylic acid;
It has been determined that the dependence of the reaction rate constants, activation energies of the temperature, concentrations of initial materials, catalyst amount, and other factors based on kinetic studies of the process;
It has been found that the correlation dependences of the basic chemical, physical and chemical (sorption of ions of calcium, magnesium, copper, nickel, molybdenum and others., sorption capacity, monofunctionality, the degree of dissociation of the functional groups, and others.) on the chemical composition, physico-chemical and adsorption properties of the initial raw materials;
It has been developed that the technology of using local production of furfural and waste from Kungrat Soda Plant for ion exchange polymer sorbents with different functionality and calcium hydrosilicate with predetermined properties for cleaning and softening processes of industrial wastewater and extraction of nonferrous metal ions.
CONCLUSION
1. It has been recommended that approach for the preparation of weakly alkaline of polyfunctional anion sorbents with complex forming properties based on furfural benzoguanin and diphenylguanidine.
2. There has been the way for producing monofunktsional carboxylic cation exchanger - sorbents having selective sorption capacity to the non-ferrous metal ions and uranyl by polycondensation of furfural with acrylic acid.
3. Based on kinetic studies polycondensation reaction of PEPA, furfural and other monomers it has determined that rate constants, reaction activation energy. It has been shown that dependence of sorbents production technology on the reaction temperature, initial materials concentration, amount of catalyst and other factors.
4. It has been found that correlation dependences of the basic chemical, physical and chemical (sorption of ions of calcium, magnesium, copper, nickel, molybdenum and others., sorption capacity, monofunctionality, the degree of dissociation of the functional groups, and others.) on the chemical composition, physico-chemical and adsorption properties of the initial materials suitable for import substitution sorbents.
5. For the first time there has been used the technology of using waste Kungirat soda zavodi to produce calcium hydrosilicate different functionality with predetermined properties to process industrial wastewater treatment.
6. For the first time there has been developed the novel approach for effective purification of industrial wastewater. It has been found that the degree of purification of the wastewater reached up to 94-98% when used as a reagent of 200-600 mg/1 of calcium hydrosilicate and 100-200 mg/1 of aluminum sulphate coagulant. The basic technological scheme has been proposed.
7. It has been determined that the field of using the sorbents on the basis of chemical analyzes, physical-chemical and sorption properties. It has been recommended that their use for cleaning and softening industrial wastewater such as JSC « Kungrad Soda zavodi», JSC «Bektemir spirt-experimental zavodi» and JSC «Uzmetkombinat».

Topicality and demand of the theme of dissertation. Last years soil salinity became one of the sharpest global problems of agriculture. Especially it concerns the countries with arid and semiarid climate. Thus in the world about 955 million hectare arc saline1 from which approximately one-third is considered saline with Na' ions.2 Salinization promotes fast degradation of agricultural lands. The cause of it is that many crops cannot normally grow in saline soils because the established microbioccnoses get broken and soil becomes practically lifeless.
One of the effective approaches for the solving of this problem is selection and introduction of salt-tolerant plant-microbial symbioses on problem lands. The most suitable for this arc legumes, particularly chickpea. However chickpea is very sensitive to soil salinization. Depending on concentration of salts in soil the quantity of seedlings considerably decreases, plants turn out undersized with poorly developed root system, immunity considerably declines, that as result leads to diseases and destruction of the plant. Soil salinization practically breaks symbiotic relations between legumes and rhizobia. Formation of nodules, atmospheric nitrogen fixation and nitrogenase activity as a result decreases. In particular many strains of nodule bacteria arc lost, that prevent the formation of effective symbioses.
Besides the big problem arc phytopathogcnic fungi causing chickpea root diseases. In separate years they result in to significant losses of crop and to decrease in its quality. It is known, that some microorganisms arc capable to inhibit the growth of phytopathogcnic fungi, for the account of such properties as production of hydrolytic enzymes, siderophores, HCN etc. One of the most effective microorganisms in this respect arc some representatives of genus Pseudomonas, which arc also promote decrease in various stresses at plants, thereby raising their tolerance to unfavorable biotic and abiotic environmental factors. However till now is not clear what role can play these bacteria in rhizobial-leguminous symbiose, and also their influence on a chickpea in the saline soils conditions is not studied enough. In this connection search of the effective salt-tolerant strains of nodule bacteria and pscudomonades, study of their effect on a chickpea in salinization conditions and creation on their basis of the effective competitive biopreparations for a chickpea growth and development improvement and also for its root diseases control in the saline soils conditions is an actual goal.
This dissertation research to some extent serves to carry out the tasks provided in the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan Nol42 «On the Program of measures for protection of the environment of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2013 - 2017» of May 27, 2013, as well as in other legal documents adopted in this area.
The aim of the research is creation of the effective biopreparation on the basis of growth-promoting rhizosphere microorganisms for improvement of chickpea productivity in the salinization conditions.
Scientific novelty of research consists in the following:
from nodules and rhizosphere of a chickpea cultivated on saline soils, isolated growth promoting bacterial strains, related to genuses Pseudomonas and Mesorhizobium which were identified accordingly as Pseudomonas chlororaphis-66 and Mesorhizobium ciceri-4 by means of method of 16S rRNA nucleotide content sequence definition;
received rifampicin-resistant strains of these bacteria thanks to which it was possible to define their colonizing abilities in chickpea root system;
for the first time established that Pseudononas chlororaphis-bb promotes active nodule formation in chickpea, and also raises its immunity, productivity and resistance to phytopathogcnic fungi;
studied various properties of strains M. ciceri-4 and P. chlororaphis-66, influencing chickpea growth and development, and also factors which arc responsible for biological control of phytopathogcnic fungi, causing chickpea root diseases;
for the first time established, that various chickpea breeds synthesize exudates of different nature (sugars, acids, amino acids) in different quantities and secrete them through the root system;
by fractionating of root exudates in the column with ion-exchange resin Dowex, 3 fractions: cationic (histidine, arginine, lysine, cysteine, serine, glycine, серин, глицин, asparaginic acid, leucine, isoleucine and alanine), anionic (gluconic, galactonic and mannuronic acids), neutral (glucose, galactose, arabinose, xylose and ribose) arc received;
defined that attractive ability of separate fractions (attraction region (cm): cationic-1.0; anionic-0.6; ncutral-0.8) is lower, than total (attraction region - 2.8 cm). The mixture of cationic and neutral fractions possesses higher attractive ability, than mixture of cationic and anionic and mixture of anionic and neutral fractions;
for the first time on the basis of selected strains Pseudomonas chlororaphis-66 and Mesorhizobium ciceri-4 is developed the new biopreparation «Pseudorhizobin».
1. Шурыгин В.В., Лян Ю.В., Жаббарова Д.П., Бурисв Т.Х., Эгамбсрдисва Д.Р., Давранов К. Банк ризосферных бактерий с антифунгальной активностью// УзМУ хабарлари, 2011. - №2. - С. 132-134.
2. Эгамбсрдисва Д., Жабборова Д., Шурыгин В., Эргашева У., Давранов К. Физиологическая характеристика ризосферных бактерий рода Pseudomonas, выделенных из засоленных почв Узбекистана// УзМУ хабарлари, 2011. - №2. - С. 128-131.
3. Egamberdieva D., Shurigin V., Davranov К. Colonisation of Pseudomonas chlororaphis TSAU13 and Pseudomonas extremorientalis TSAU20 in the rhizosphere of wheat under salt stress// Узбекский биологический журнал, 2011. - №4. - С. 26-29.
4. Шурыгин В.В., Нахалбасв Ж.Т., Давранов К. Влияние инокуляции семян нута бактериями Rhizobium и Pseudomonas на рост и развитие нута в условиях засоления// УзМУ хабарлари, 2012. - №4. - С. 35-40.
5. Лян Ю.В., Шурыгин В.В., Эгамбсрдисва Д.Р., Давранов К. Выделение и характеристика новых активных штаммов рода Pseudomonasll Доклады академии наук Республики Узбекистан, 2012. - №4. - С. 65-70.
6. Шурыгин В.В., Эгамбсрдисва Д.Р., Нахалбасв Ж.Т., Хаитов Б. Скрининг некоторых генотипов нута по устойчивости к засолению в засоленных, засушливых почвах Узбекистана// УзМУ хабарлари, 2012. - №4. -С. 38-39,44-45.
7. Лян Ю.В., Шурыгин В.В., Ражабов У.Р., Давранов К. Микробиопрспараты на основе ризосферных бактерий и их использование в сельскохозяйственной практике// УзМУ хабарлари, 2012. - №4. - С. 49-52.
8. Шурыгин В.В., Давранов К. Выделение и очистка бактерий семейства Rhizobiaceae, а также отбор штаммов, способных к образованию эффективных симбиозов с нутом// Узбекский биологический журнал, 2013. — №2.-С. 17-22.
9. Шурыгин В.В., Давранов К. Физиологическая характеристика и изучение свойств штамма Mesorhizobium ciceri-4, способствующего росту и развитию нута в условиях засоления// УзМУ хабарлари, 2013. - №4 (2). - С. 244-250.
10. Шурыгин В.В. Бактерии рода Pseudomonas, стимулирующие рост и развитие нута (скрининг)//УзМУ хабарлари, 2013. -№4 (2).-С. 184-186.
11. Шурыгин В.В., Эгамбсрдисва Д.Р., Давранов К.Д. Азотфиксирующая активность почв прикорневой зоны нута (Cicer arietinum L.), хлопчатника (Gossypium hirsutum L.) и пшеницы (Triticum aestivum Доклады академии наук Республики Узбекистан, 2014. - №4. - С. 69-72.
12. Шурыгин В.В., Эгамбсрдисва Д.Р., Давранов К.Д. Механизмы влияния Pseudomonas chlororaphis-frf> на рост и развитие нута в условиях засоления// Узбекский биологический журнал, 2014. - №3. - С. 16-21.
13. Шурыгин В.В., Эгамбсрдисва Д.Р., Давранов К.Д. Сравнение микробной активности в ризосфере нута (Cicer arietinum L.), хлопчатника (Gossypium hirsutum L.) и пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.)// Узбекский биологический журнал, 2014. -№4. - С. 14-19.
14. Egambcrdieva D.R., Shurigin V.V., Gopalakrishnan S., Sharma R. Growth and symbiotic performance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum') cultivars under saline soil conditions// Journal of Biological and Chemical Research, 2014. - Vol. 31, No. 1. - P. 333-341. (№5. Global, IF=0,756)
15. Shurigin V.V. Technology of creation of complex microbiological «Pseudorhizobin» preparation improving chickpea growth and productivity in salinity conditions// International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 2014. - Vol. 5, No. 2. - P. 262-270. (03.00.00. №9)
16. Shurigin V.V., Davranov K. Abdicv A. Screening of salt tolerant rhizobia for improving growth and nodulation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) under arid soil conditions of Uzbekistan// Journal of Biological and Chemical Research, 2015. -Vol. 32, No. 2. - P. 534-540. (№5. Global, IF=0,876)
17. Egambcrdieva D., Jabborova D., Lyan Yu., Shurigin V., Davranov K. Colonisation of Pseudomonas chlororaphis TSAU13 and Pseudomonas extermorientalis TSAU20 in the rhizosphere of wheat under salt stress// Proceedings of the 2nd Asian PGPR Conference on Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobactcria (PGPR) for sustainable agriculture. - Beijing (P.R. China), 2011. -P. 486.
18. Эгамбсрдисва Д.Р., Шурыгин В.В., Давранов К. Увеличение плодородия и продуктивности засоленных засушливых почв при использовании бактериальных удобрений// Аграрная наука - сельскому хозяйству: VII Международная научно-практическая конференция. - Барнаул (Россия), 2012. - Сборник статей, кн. 2. - С. 257-258.
19. Shurigin V.V. Improvement of growth and development of chickpea under arid saline soil conditions// «Охрана окружающей среды в Узбекистане: её состояние в настоящие дни и пути развития»: научно-практический семинар, посвященный Всемирному Дню охраны окружающей среды. -Ташкент, 2013.
20. Шурыгин В.В., Давранов К. Выращивание нута, с применением препарата «Псевдоризобин» - одно из решений проблемы деградации почвы пастбищ// Яйловлардан окилона фойдаланиш ва мухофаза килишнинг институционал масалалари: Республика илмий-амалий конференция. -Ташкент, 2013.-С. 174-178.
21. Shurigin V.V., Davranov К. The new bacterial preparation increasing potential of a chickpea in carbon sequestration and improving soil fertility// The soil resources of Uzbekistan: status, protection and the perspectives of their rational using: scientific-practical conference. - Tashkent, 2013. - P. 113-115.
22. Shurigin V.V., Davranov K. Biotechnological aspects of creation of complex symbiotic «Pseudorhizobin» preparation specific to a chickpea on the basis of aboriginal bacterial strains// Regional conference of young scientists on Recent trends in physical & biological sciences. - Bangalore (India), 2014. - P. 65.
23. Шурыгин В.В. Биоконтроль фитопатогенных грибов, вызывающих корневые болезни нута, при помощи PGPR, в условиях засоления почвы// Ломоносов-2014: Тез. докл. XXI Международной научной конференции студентов, аспирантов и молодых учёных. - Москва (Россия), 2014. -С. 229.
24. Egambcrdieva D., Jabborova D., Shurigin V. Microbial population in the rhizosphere soil of various crop plants as affected by salinity// 20th World congress of soil science. In commemoration of the 90th anniversary of the IUSS. - Jeju (Korea), 2014.-P. 342.
25. Шурыгин В.В. Корневые экссудаты нута (Cicer arietinum L.), как ключевой фактор его урожайности при применении биопрепаратов// Ломоносов-2015: Тез. докл. XXII Международной научной конференции студентов, аспирантов и молодых учёных. - Москва (Россия), 2015. - С. 360-361.
26. Shurigin V.V., Davranov К. «Pseudorhizobin» - the new biological preparation increasing chickpea yield in salinity conditions// Soils of Uzbekistan and resource saving technologies of improvement of their fertility: scientific-practical seminar. - Tashkent, 2015. - P. 10-13.
27. Egambcrdieva D., Shurigin V., Gopalakrishnan S., Shanna R. Microbial strategics for the improvement of legume production in hostile environments// In: Legumes under environmental stress: yield, improvement and adaptations. Editors: Azooz M.M., Ahmad P. - UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2015. - P. 133-144.
28. Давранов К.Д., Шурыгин В.В., Буриев Х.Ч., Уббиниязова Д. «Псевдоризобин» биологик прспаратини шўрланган тупрокларда нўхат экинига қўллаш самарадорлиги// Тавсиянома. Т.: Тош ДАУ таҳририят-нашриёт бўлими, 2015. - 23 с.
29. Shurigin V.V., Davranov K.D. The new bacterial strains for «Pseudorhizobin» biological preparation increasing chickpea fertility in soil salinity conditions// Атроф муҳитни ўзгариши шароитида ср рссурсларини муҳофаза қилиш ва улардан оқилона фойдаланиш масалалари: Республика илмий-амалий семинар маърузалари тўплами. - Тошкент, 2016. - С. 545-551.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. The main focus in the development of medicinal products is to create drugs based on biologically active substances derived from local herbs.
The biological variety of flora of Uzbekistan serves as the potential source of valuable bioactive substances perspective for the use in medicine and agriculture. Among the wide spectrum of endemic plants the special attention is attracted by garden fennel flower - Nigella sativa L., related to family of buttercup - Ranunculaceae.
Seeds of garden fennel flower Nigella sativa have a variety of applications: as a highly effective diuretic, choleretic, mild laxative and immunostimulatory agent. In addition, some of the components provide excellent results in the treatment of various dermatological diseases associated with histamine neurohumoral and irregularities in the body. In dermatology used in atopic dermatitis, idiosyncracies, restore skin immunity, have a powerful antioxidant effec , eliminates stagnant processes of the skin.
Research of natural connections showing antimicrobial activity has both a theoretical value - for the study of molecular components and mechanisms of resistance of plants to pathogens and large practical value in agriculture and medicine. Major application antimicrobial proteins and peptides can find in medicine, as an alternative to the traditionally used antibiotics and antimicotics. It is known that as a result of wide use of antibiotics in medical practice in the last decades, for microorganisms the mechanisms of stability were produced. As a result there were strains steady to majority used presently to the antibiotics. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides in this plan are extraordinarily perspective, as they possess the wide spectrum of action, operate quickly and effectively, does not cause negative consequences.
Chemical composition of seed of garden fennel flower is studied well enough. Isolatee and characterizes lipids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, however the peptides contained in seed have not been studied, therefore the search of new high active antimicrobial proteins and peptides from garden fennel flower sowing and their all-round study is perspective direction and the problem of search and selection of new similar connections is very actual.
This dissertation research to some extent serves to carry out the tasks provided in the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan №404 «On measures to support domestic manufacturers of drugs and medical products» of July 14, 2006, as well as in other legal documents adopted in this area.
The aim of research works is to develop methods for the isolation of individual cysteine-containing peptides from black cumin seeds, the establishment of their application in medicine and to pharmaceutical compositions on their basis.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
for the first time a systematic study of cationic peptides in seeds and seedlings of fennel flower garden Nigella sativa',
from the seeds of fennel flower garden recovered new lipid transfer protein Ns-LTPl with a molecular weight of 9602 Da containing 8 cysteine residues, to which the primary structure is installed and the data registered in the database BLAST;
isolated and characterized in detail 6 new peptides (Ns-Dl, Ns-D2, Ns-Wl, Ns-W2, Ns-Nl andNs-Gl).
it is shown that two new peptide homologous Ns-Dl and Ns-D2 with molecular weights of 5485 and 5498 Da, possess a strong inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic fungi;
defined that peptides Ns-Wl and Ns-W2 with molecular weights of 5143 and 5070 Da contain 8 cysteine residues and homologous y-purotionins cereals;
determined that Ns-Nl peptide with a molecular weight of 5696 Da in its composition contains 8 cysteine residues, is unique in the established N-terminal amino acid sequence;
defined peptide Ns-Gl with a molecular weight of 2794 , contains six cysteines in its structure and refers to a new class cysteinrich peptides, which have no analogues in molecular weight and the number of cysteine residues among the known antimicrobial peptides;
a comparative analysis of the spectrum of peptides in seeds and seedlings and found that seedlings blackie contains lipid transfer protein Ns-LTP2 with a molecular weight of 9086 Da, and 10 peptides related to defensins В-type, absent in the seeds.
CONCLUSION
1. A method for isolation of individual AMP from black cumin seed and seedling seed Nigella sativa, including acid extraction and complex chromatographic methods - affinity, size exclusion, high performance liquid chromatography.
2. From the seeds of black cumin isolated a new lipid transfer protein Ns-LTP1 with a molecular weight of 9602 Da, containing 8 cysteine residues, set the primary structure on which revealed that it belongs to a class of proteins lipid transfer. Ns-LTPl registered in the EMBL database with the identification number r86527. Determined biological activity against phytopathogen different groups; The effect of Ns-LTPl on the conductivity of the membrane clamp technique with planar bilayer phospholipid membranes. Based on these data suggested one of the possible mechanisms fungitoxicity LTP.
3. Select two homologous peptide Ns-Dl and Ns-D2, set their complete amino acid sequence and belonging to the class of defensins, shows homology to the peptides of the family Brassicaceae. Defensin Ns-D2 showed the highest antifungal and anti-microbial activity. At a concentration of 3.4 pg/ml defensin Ns-D2 destroying plasma membrane conidia B.sorokiniana.
4. Highlight the new peptide Ns-Nl with a molecular weight of 5696 Da, containing 8 cysteine residues. Based on the determination of the partial N-terminal amino acid sequence determined that the peptide has no homology to known peptides. Pending the EMBL database for the registration of a new homologous series family Ranunculaceae, containing this peptide.
5. Highlight peptides Ns-Wl and Ns-W2 with molecular weights of 5168 and 5070 Da homologous y-purotionins cereal. Installed partial N-terminal amino acid sequence.
6. First of black cumin seeds isolated peptide Ns-Gl, containing 6 cysteines its composition and consisting of two polypeptide chains joined by intra- and interchain disulfide bonds. The peptide is unique in its structure and has no structural analogues among known cationic peptides.
7. From seedling fennel flower garden allocated lipid transfer protein Ns-LTP2 with molecular weight 9086 Da and ten peptides related to defensins B-type, which is defined molecular weight and the number of cysteines.
8. The compounding ointment "Sedanil" based on black cumin seed oil and total peptides. Conducted preclinical pharmacological tests have shown high activity of wound-healing ointment proposed.
9. Projects of TFA to "Black cumin seed Nigella sativa", "Complex polypeptides" and "Pharmaceutical composition" and executed in accordance with the requirements.

The topicality and relevance of the dissertation topics. Highly effective reversible inhibitors of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) arc widely used in the world for alleviation of poisoning by organophosphorus pesticides and in the treatment of ilnesses such as Alzheimer's disease, myasthenia gravis, glaucoma, paralysis, and paresis. Therefore, the development of highly effective reversible inhibitors of AChE for the use in therapy of different pathologies of the central nervous system, a search among these preparations with antidotal action, chemical modification of the phannacon, as well as the creation of low-dose dose, watersoluble drugs with a wide range of therapeutic index by using the complexing agents arc an important issue today.
With the acquisition independence of Uzbekistan, organization of scientific-research works on creation of the low-dose, effective pharmaceuticals from local herbs for treatment of a number of diseases, and conduction of enhanced measures to provide the population with quality drugs at a high level medicine has led to a definite successes
At present, on the basis of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) by molecular encapsulation, complexes of the poorly soluble pharmakons were obtained, where the desired effect was achieved ath very small amounts of the pharmakons. This method is considered as the most effective way to reduce the side effects of many drug; on the basis of GA and its derivatives, the drugs against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, skin and stomach cancers, as well as antiinflammatory water-soluble drugs with low doses and a wide of the therapeutic index arc created and put into practice. The research in this area is an urgent task of the bioorganic chemistry and medicine.
The present doctoral dissertation is, to some extent, an accomplishment of the tasks set in the Resolution 416 of the Cabinet of Ministers dated 14 July 2016 «On the procedures to support domestic manufacturers of medicinal drugs and medical devices» and other legislative documents related to the above mentioned activities.
The aim of the study is to develop drugs with a wide therapeutic mcdiccinal action on the basis of nitrogcn-containing organophosphorus reversible inhibitors of AChE possessing an antidote effect and anti-inflammatory drugs based on certain derivatives of glycyrrhizic acid.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
based on alkaloids and some nitrogcn-containing heterocyclic compounds (piperidine, morpholine, hcxamcthylcncimine, anabasine, lupinine, cpilupinina), complex esters and salts of the methyl-, mcthylthion- and phcnyl-phosphonic acid complementary to the active surface of AChE have been synthesized; 
defined the appearance of the diastercomcric anisochronism effect in the NMR spectra of the mctylthiophosphonic acid derivatives with two or more asymmetric centers have been demonstrated;
effective reversible inhibitors of AChE was found.
the research showed the structure-activity relationships;
supramolccular complexes of GA salts with effective reversible AChE inhibitors - alkaloids Dcoxypcganinc hydrochloride (DOP HC) and galantamine in different proportions have been synthesized;
it shows that MASGA and DOP GA (2:1) has high cholinesterase active and less toxicity;
the gel formation of the aqueous solution of the obtained supramolccular complexes of GA and its salts was studied and the critical micelle concentration were determined; presumed mechanism of the process was proposed;
the intcrfcron-inducing activity of the created supramolccular complexes has beed studied; on the basis of the most effective comples, an anti-inflammatory drug, GLAS, has been created.
CONCLUSIONS
1. A series of ethers of O-alkylmcthylphosphonic, O-alkylmcthylthiophosphonic acids on the basis of N-P-hydroxycthyl- and N-P-hydroxypropylmorpholine, piperidine, anabasine, hcxamcthylcncimine, lupininc and cpilupine were synthesized. In the presence in the molecule of the O-alkylmcthylphosphonatc of two and more asymmetric centers, in the PMR spectra, the effect of a diastereoisomeric anisochronicity in the form of duplication of the proton signals of a methyl group directly bound to the phosphorus atom is observed and these properties helps to determine the structure of these kind substanses.
2. For hydrochlorides of O-alkylmcthylphosphonatcs, O-alkylmcthylthion-phosphonates and O-alkylphcnylphosphonatcs, the anticholinesterase activity towards the acetylcholinesterase of human blood erythrocytes and Bu-cholinesterasc of the horse blood serum is studied. All the studied compounds arc reversible inhibitors of the acetylcholinesterase and Bu-cholinesterase; the comparison of Kj values of the mcthylphosphonates and mcthylthiophosphonatcs of lupinine, cpilupine and N-P-hydroxyethylpipcpyridine showed that the replacement of the fragment of P=O by P=S leads to a sharp increase in the anticholinesterase activity for both AChE and BuChE (thionic effect), this is important on creation of new and effective inhibitors of AchcE.
3. O-alkyl-O-[N-(P-oxyethylpipcridinc)] - and O-alkyl-O-[N-(P-oxypropyl-hcxamcthyleniminyl)]mcthylthionic phosphonates arc the strong competitive reversible inhibitors of AChE and BuChE showing a high specificity for the acetylcholinesterase. It is established that O-alkyl-O-[N-(P-oxyethylpipcridinc)]-mcthylthionic phosphonates exhibit a profound preventive effect for the toxic action of armin. In the future it will provide for the creation of drugs arc effective antidotal properties based mcthyltionphosphonatcs.
4. Supramolccular complexes of salts of GA with hydrochlorides of dcsoxydcpcganinc, galantamine and prednisolone arc obtained; their structures arc studied by the methods of UV- and IR-spectroscopy. It is shown that the MGA: deoxydepeganine hydrochloride complex (2:1) surpasses the dcsoxydcpcganinc hydrochloride in its anticholinesterase activity by 85.3 times, and it is 8,3 times less toxic. For the immunosuppressive action, the complex of prednisolone with MGA (Gliprcd), at the doses of 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg upon peroral administration, surpasses the effect of prednisolone alone given at the dose of 10 mg/kg. This was the basis for drug development of Dcoxypcganinc and Gliprcda.
5. For the first time, the supramolccular complexes of GA salts with SK, AA, PSK and BSK were obtained. Physicochemical constants of the complexes were determined, and their structures were studied by the methods of UV- and IR-spcctroscopies. Based on the results of spectral methods (UV and IR), the formation of new MGA complexes due to hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds between host and guest molecules has been confirmed. This is important in the confirmation structures newly acquired complexes based on the GA.
6. In order to reveal the nature of the forces influencing the process of structuring of water molecules and the viscosity, the hydrodynamics of MASGA-1 (75% purity) and MASGA-2 (97% purity) solutions (at a concentration of 0,2% and below) was studied in control and in the presence of various agents, such as urea (destroying the intcrmolecular hydrogen bonds), xylose (affecting hydrophobic interactions) and KC1 (an electrolyte); as a result, it was found that the process of structuring in solutions may occur not only due to hydrogen bonds, but also via strong hydrophobic interactions. It will help to explain the formation of complexes.
7. As a result of pharmacological studies, it was established that the obtained new complex of MASGA:AA (GLAS) exhibits the interfcron-inducing, profound anti-exudative, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties and, at the same time, it docs not exert toxic effects on an organism; the therapeutic index (LD5(/ED50) for the GLAS is higher than that for MASGA and AA alone by 4 and 52 times, respectively, whereas the toxicity is 6 times lower than toxicity of AA alone; it is shown, for the first time, that at the doses of 10 and 25 mg/kg, the proliferative effect of this complex exceeds that for AA alone twice. This was the basis for creation of the anti-inflammatory drug on the basis of the complex.
8. The temporary pharmaceutical article for GLAS substance and its dosage form (tablets) has been devised, the project of the technology of preparing the dosage form in the form of tablets (0,05 g) has been developed and the experimental batch of tablets has been prepared. Clinical trials were successfully conducted in three clinical institutions of Tashkent; the reports of the tests were submitted to GDQCMME and to the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Uzbekistan for obtaining the permission for production. According to the Decision of the Presidium of Pharmacological Committee of the Ministry of Healthcare of Republic of Uzbekistan, the medicine has been approved for use in medical practice.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. One of the major problems in the cultivation of cotton today among the cotton cultivating countries in the world is susceptibility of cotton with phytopathogens, which cause considerable damage to agriculture. Development of effective technologies for acceleration of the breeding process through the use of a marker associated biochemical, molecular and genetic techniques which enable to cultivate new varieties with a sign of resistance to pathogens, as well as improving the overall non-specific resistance of cotton to adverse biotic and abiotic factors by inducing natural defense mechanisms arc ones of environmentally friendly methods for cotton protection.
After the independence, increase in the cotton profitability and application of the modem scientific achievements - molecular biology, biotechnology and bioorganic chemistry in cotton farming led the certain results. It is important to note the identification of the role of various biochemical systems in regulation of protective reactions, advancing the ecologically sound methods (marker associated test systems and others) and the means (application of agro drugs based on natural biologically active compounds) which stabilize the cotton productivity.
To date, the biochemical principles of plant immunity, improvement in cotton resistance to the phytopathogens through biologically active compounds arc the crucial tasks of the modem biology in the world. Evaluation of cotton enzyme system involved in the protective reaction upon infection of plants by fungal pathogens, detection of molecular structures, development of enzyme immunoassay method, determination of induced resistance mechanisms, activation of the plant genetic protective potential, development of methods to increase the resistance of plants using the glycyrrhizin acid drugs arc the crucial tasks.
This dissertation research to some extent serves to carry out the tasks provided in Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On protection of agricultural plants against pests, diseases and weeds» (2000), Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan Nol48 dated 29.03.2004 «On measures of improving the structure and increasing the efficiency of plant protection service, «Roadmap for realized activities programs on modernization and development of agriculture for 2016-2020» dated 07.02.2016 approved by the Cabinet of Ministers, as well as in other legal documents adopted in this area.
The aims of the research arc to detect biochemical mechanisms of cotton protective responses, to develop the test systems for evaluation of the resistance of breeding material to phytopathogen and to increase the resistance of the cotton to biotic factor of the environment through Glycyrrhizic acid based drugs.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
it is proven that mechanisms of primary protective reaction of the resistant and susceptible cotton when exposed to the V. dahlias, F.oxysporum with participation of the anionic peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase which creates local zone of oxidative stress and production of active forms of oxygen at the entry spots of the phytopathogen. It is proven that the major role of the salicylic acid is acting as signaling molecule for the formation of systematic induces cotton resistance;
for the first time the test system for evaluation of cotton resistance to the fungal diseases was created, which enabled to forecast the cotton resistance level based on enzyme linked immunoassay;
the radically new concept is developed for application of natural drugs on cultivation of cotton, as inducers of unspecific resistance, based on DAG-1 and DAG-2 drugs in enhancement of resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors;
the major role of salicylic acid is identified in DAG-1, which regulates the cotton resistance to phytopathogen;
the prolonged and growth stimulating effect of the drugs is identified in preseeding treatment of cotton seeds in concentration of 10’7 M, comparable with the natural phytohormones, which enables to decrease the application ratio of chemical fertilizers and increase in cotton productivity.
CONCLUSIONS
1. The features of cotton response reaction were studied with actively involved peroxidase immune enzymes, polyphenol oxidase, and fenilallanin ammonia-lyase in cotton V. dahliae pathogenesis. It was found that the initial stage of cotton protective response to contamination by fungi is the generation of reactive oxygen species, coupled with the activation of anionic peroxidase. Obtained results open possibilities for creation of effective agents and technologies for managing the disease-resistance mechanisms on molecular level.
2. The marker enzymes, which determines the development of defense responses in cotton, are the anionic peroxidases associated with cell wall and exhibits the specificity for fungal chitin. Two homogeneous anionic chitin-specific cotton peroxidases arc identified with isopoints pl ~ 3,5 and ~ pl 3,9 and molecular weight of 93,5 kDa and 85 kDa. Km and their substrate specificity were determined, which arc important in development of the effective method for resistance assessment of the cotton to wilt.
3. Obtained polyclonal antibodies to cotton homogeneous chitin-specific peroxidase pl ~ 3,9. Specificity and sensitivity of the polyclonal antibodies was determined and the antibody conjugate was extracted with alkaline phosphatase. The conditions for enzyme immunoassay were optimized, which serve to improve the methods of rapid selection of cotton resistant forms.
4. For the first time in cotton breeding, more than 200 samples of elite cotton varieties, species, cultures and lines were tested for the resistance to wilt based on the developed test systems. Whereby the obtained data showed the identity of the field tests. This in turn enables to create new cotton species based on scientific validation, and saves the time and sources for the field tests
5. The inducing action of DAG-1 (supramolccular complex glycyrrhizin and salicylic acid) and DAG-2 (monoammonium salt of glycyrrhizic acid) was proved on the activity of cotton phytoimmunity enzymes. The effective drug concentrations of 10-7 M that stimulates the system of cotton resistant to pathogens was determined, which reveals the prospects to use the compounds of non-biocidal origin, and which is important in agricultural practice.
6. Low concentrations of DAG-1 and DAG-2 drugs affect the balance of plant hormones - IAA, ABA and SA in cotton seedlings. It was revealed that the drugs affect the increase in SA content, contributing to the cotton preadaptation to biotic stress factors and reduce in strength of its damaging effect. Obtained data in the future will serve for creation and improvement of new age drugs with immunomodulatory properties.
7. It is proved that the SA enhances the activity of anionic peroxidase, indicating the involvement of enzyme in the protective actions; it stimulates the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, synthesizing new SA molecules. It is conclusively established that the SA contained in DAG-1 is responsible for the increased activity of cotton immune enzymes.
8. Pretreatment of cottonseeds with DAG-1 and DAG-2 drugs has the highly prolonged effect (up to 30 days) on the activity of phytoimmunity enzymes -peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in the field, which causes the protective induced property of glycyrrhizinates. Obtained data will serve as the basis for development of new concept to apply the drugs of natural origin as the inducers of non-specific resistance.
9. Pretreatment of the cotton using the DAG-1 and DAG-2 drugs has the growth stimulating effect, positive effect on economic valuable characters of cotton, reduces the susceptibility of the susceptible and moderate resistant cotton varieties to wilt, and also contributes to widening the complex measures for crop protection against environmental adverse impact.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. Due to the globalization, there arc urgently pressing concerns for world agricultural production to provide bio-safcty/bio-security of the world’s leading crop species and safeguarding them from biotic (phytopathogens, pests) threats. “Biological threats from harmful organisms in agricultural practice cost over $1.4 trillion in crop damage, equaling 5% of global domestic product (GDP)”1.
During the years of independence, in our country extensive work has been done to improve crop yields, and today agricultural production is part of the country’s annual economic income. At the same time reforms in the cotton sector arc being carried out and certain results obtained on the basis of held program measures, i.e. areas of cotton crops were reduced, and yields have been increased by an average of 3-4 quintals.
World cotton production suffers from wilt diseases (Fusarium and Verticillium) and root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita; RKN) nematodes. RKN accounts for an estimated 14% of all worldwide plant losses, which is reflected in the amount of about $100 billion dollars annually. “The significant cotton yield lost in the USA during the last 10 years of period because of RKN estimated to be about $205 million annually”2. The actuality of the problem in this context, together with fighting wilt pathogens, is to study and develop modem biotechnology tools against biological vectors conditioning to spread wilt diseases in cotton. Conducting research on the genetic basis of nematode managment is justified as follows: need to identify genes conferring resistance to pathogens in cotton; study their structure and composition in the cotton genome; determining the location on the chromosomes; study of modem biotechnology and genomics approaches for creation of lines resistant to pathogens.
This dissertation investigation serves to some extent to address the tasks defined by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No 116-11 “On protection of agricultural plants against pests, diseases and weeds” of 31 August, 2000, the Resolution No. 148 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures of improving the structure and increasing the efficiency of plant protection service” issued on March 29, 2004 as well as other legal documents approved in this direction.
The aim of the research is to determine MIC-3 gene position, structure, content, and complexities as well as molecular evolution and gene duplication mechanisms in allotctraploid and putative ancestor-like diploid cotton genomes.
Scientific novelty of the research includes the following:
for the first time, a total of 169 individual members belonging to MIC-3 supergene family from 15 allotctraploid and diploid genomes were cloned, sequenced and characterized;
a detailed sequence analysis of 169 MIC-3 gene found out that in 15 cotton genotypes were detected 4 to 16 gene members with 2 to 10 subfamilies per gcnotype/spccies. These 169 MIC-3 gene sequences from Gossypium species were phylogcnctically grouped into a total of 17 genome-specific subfamilies;
analysis of allotctraploid genome-derived MIC-3 gene members further identified 42 haplotype sequences, specific to At- or Dt-gcnomcs, that helped to identify MIC-3 gene specific SNPs. Based on haplotype and subfamily groups, 9 putative MIC-3 loci in At-gcnomc and 3 putative loci in Dt-genomc of allotctraploid cottons were identified;
for the first time, MIC-3 derived genome specific SNP markers were developed, and clustered localizations of MIC-3 gene members in homcologous segments of chromosomes 4 and 19 of G. hirsutum were identified;
for the first time, nucleotide substitution rates and patterns of molecular evolution of MIC-3 multi-gene family in 15 tctraploid and diploid cotton genotypes were reported.
estimation of an average number of synonymous (ds) and nonsynonymous (dN) nucleotide substitutions for coding DNA sequences of MIC-3 gene family detected that despite an carly-coursc concerted evolution may be evident, MIC-3 gene family of cotton species are evolving under a “birth-and-death” evolution with purifying selection in exon-1 and diversifying selection in exon-2.
for the first time “gene amplification” was suggested as a possible mechanism to preserve all duplicated copies of MIC-3 genes and to develop new gene functions during cotton plant defenses under “bait and switch” model.
the results indicated that MIC-3 gene duplication events occurred at various rates, once per 1 million years (MY) in the allotctraploids, once per ~2 MY in the A/F genome clade, and once per ~8 MY in the D-gcnomc clade;
expression analysis detected that MIC-3 genes arc highly expressed in Fusiarium and Verticillium wilt resistant cotton genotypes;
for the first time, 2.5 kb intergenic spacer region, containing a MIC-3 promoter with root-specific signal sequence were cloned, sequenced and characterized.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the performed investigation on the theme of this doctoral dissertation “Cloning, characterization and investigation of molecular evolution of pathogen-resistance cluster MIC-3 gene family in cotton (Gossypium ssp.) and its significance for cotton biotechnology” the following conclusions were presented:
1. For the first time, the position, structure and content of the complex, large, only cotton specific, and root expressed MIC-3 gene family of Gossypium species were cloned, sequenced and characterized in allotctraploid and diploid cotton genomes.
2. The results identified a total of 169 MIC-3 gene member genomic DNA sequences from 15 cotton genotypes and revealed 4 to 16 gene members with 2 to 10 subfamilies per studied genotype/spccics.
3. All MIC-3 gene members were phylogcnctically grouped into a total of 17 genome-specific subfamilies using nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and putative haplotypes.
4. The analysis of allotctraploid genome-derived MIC-3 gene members further identified 42 haplotype sequences, specific to At- or Dt _ genomes, that helped to identify MIC-3 gene specific SNPs.
5. For the first time, genome specific A-f/C-3-dcrived SNP markers were developed, and haplotypic associations and long-PCR experiments have confirmed clustered localizations of MIC-3 gene members in homcologous segments of chromosomes 4 and 19 of G. hirsutum.
6. For the first time, nucleotide substitution rates and patterns of molecular evolution of MIC-3 multigenc family in 15 tctraploid and diploid cotton genotypes were reported. Estimation of an average number of synonymous (ds) and nonsynonymous (c!n) nucleotide substitutions for coding DNA sequences of MIC-3 gene family detected selective constraints and molecular evolution of this gene family in cotton genomes.
7. The results suggested that, despite an carly-course, “concerted” evolution may be evident, MIC-3 gene family of cotton species were evolving under a “birth-and-death” evolution with purifying selection in exon-1 and diversifying selection in exon-2.
8. The results also suggested “gene amplification” as a possible mechanism to preserve all duplicate copies of MIC-3 genes and to develop new gene functions during cotton plant defenses under “bait and switch” model.
9. The results indicated MIC-3 gene duplication events occurred at various rates, once per ~1 million years (MY) in the allotetraploids, once per ~2 MY in the A/F genome clade, and once per ~8 MY in the D-gcnomc clade. The identified intriguing time estimate and gene duplication pattern should be useful to understand the role of pathogen-mediated selection processes in the evolution of cotton genomes;
10. It was shown that MIC-3 genes arc highly expressed during Fusiarium and Verticillium wilt infection process in susceptible and resistant genotypes of cotton cultivars that show the significance of MIC-3 genes during wilt diseases of cotton.
11. For the first time, 2.5 kb intcrgcnic spacer region containing a MIC-3 promoter with root-specific signal sequence was cloned, sequenced and characterized.
12. A set of several binary genetic vectors, driving GUS marker gene under various lengths of MIC-3 promoter sequences, as well as binary vectors with syntctic RNAi duplexes to study plant gen function, including MIC-3 genes, were constructed and transformed into model plant Arabidopsis that identified and confirmed root specificity of minimally required MIC-3 gene promoter sequences useful for future cotton biotechnology.

Topicality and demand of the theme of dissertation. Bacterial leaching is a recognized method of processing of sulphide ore for production of nonferrous metals and uranium all over the world. The method allows to involve into processing ores that economically are inadvisable to process by other methods. The importance of the method as alternative to existing hydrometallurgical approaches grows daily.
With acquisition of independence by the republic the great results are achieved and measures are undertaken on development of mining industry, including improvement of biotechnology of extraction of nonferrous metals from sulphide ores. It is necessary to note that microbiological methods for processing of sulphide ores are developed, geochemically active iron-oxidizing acidophilic association of microorganisms, application of which will allow to increase degree of nonferrous metals extraction from such type of ores, is obtained.
On a global scale, industrial application of the bacterial leaching was started from heap and underground extraction of metals from base off-balance copper and uranium ores and wastes in the USA, Canada, Bulgaria, SAR and other countries1. Study of action of microorganisms upon substrate, directed application of population, biogeochemical reactions taking place in the system microorganism-orc are of special interest due to specificity of the local ores. Obtained results will allow fully and maximally conduct filtrational bioleaching of persistent goldsulphide ores and wasted sites of underground leaching (UL) of uranium. In these regards, implementation of research activity on microbiological processing of ores is an actual goal and possesses both scientific-practical and ecological value.
This dissertation research to some extent serves to carry out the tasks provided in the Decrees of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 216 from August 5 2014 “On order of conducting state ecological control”, № 295 from October 27 2014 “On order of conducting state record and control in the field of wastes treatment”, and in other legal documents adopted in this area as well as 
The aim of the research is determination of microorganisms’ development in conditions of heap leaching of gold-containing raw material and underground leaching of uranium, and application of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria for the process intensification as well.
Scientific novelty of research consists in the following:
indigenous bacterial strains resistant to high concentrauon of uranium were received and based of IR-spectra of cells changes in compounds composition of cells under action of uranium ions was determined;
for the first time, the microbial diversity of the process of heap leaching of ore from Kokpatas deposit was established, thermophilic Archea participating in biooxidation processes were determined and process of microbiological disintegration of sulphides on polished section of this ores was determined;
for the first time, water-soluble polymers were used in bacterial irrigating solutions, which allowed to increase adhesivity of microorganisms to ore and respectively increase gold extraction;
availability of gold-sulphidc ores of Kokpatas deposit for processing by heap method and uranium ores of Kyzylkum uranium geological province for bacterial leaching was established;
for the first time possibility of treatment of wasted wells with bacterial solutions at single time pump-down was revealed.
CONCLUSION
As result of the research activities carried out on the theme of the doctoral dissertation “Microbial technologies of filtrational leaching of base silphide ores of deposits of the Western Uzbekistan” the following conclusions were made:
1. Microbial ecosystems of gold-containing deposit Kokpatas and uranium-containing deposit Kctmcnchi were studied. Microbiological analysis of gold-containing deposit Kokpatas revealed large number of different physiological groups of microorganisms, among which prevail organotrophes with domination of Bacillus species. Autotrophic associations of thionic bacteria were better represented in ore rich in pyrite. It was established that microbial ecosystems or uranium deposit also comprise vast diversity of microorganisms, there were isolated geochemically active microorganisms oxidizing iron and sulphur. Presence of mixotrophic microorganisms and organotrophes was observed as well.
2. It was established that in the process of heap bacterial leaching the essential microbiota of ore matter goes through considerable changes. At the period of acidulation the change of leading microorganisms takes place from heterotrophic species to acidophilic thionic microorganisms. Despite inoculation of the heap with mixture of cultures of A. ferrooxidans, A. thiooxidans and other related bacteria it was established that dominating forms of A. ferrooxidans considerably varied both in spatial respect and on different stages of heap functioning. Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans, mainly, was observed on the last stage of leaching.
3. Analysis of microorganisms’ development in pumping-out solutions of UL both reagent-free and acidic established presence of microbial diversity. At air supply into pumping-down wells the intensification of uranium extraction was observed, which is accompanied by considerable increase of growth of microorganisms related to the group of thionic neutriphiles and bacteria from genus Pseudomonas. In pumping-out solutions of acidic leaching thionic acidophilic iron- and sulphur-oxidizing microorganinsms related to genus Acidithiobacillus were more often observed.
4. Using method of gradual adaptation the culture A.ferrooxidans K-l was obatined, which is capable to active growth at 30 g/1 and above of Fe3+ in solution. Concentration of mixture of gold (2.5 mg/1) and silver (100 mg/1) inhibiting growth and oxidizing activity of microorganisms was established. It was determined that 100 mg/1 of uranium in medium negatively impacts growth of A. ferrooxidans K-l. Plasmid composition of studied cultures was determined. Strain A. ferrooxidans K-1 adapted to uranium ions possessed low molecular weight plasmid with Rf 0.24 mm and 5800 bp, appearance of which testifies impact of uranium ions. Differences IR-spcctra of initial and adapted to uranium ions (100 mg/1) strains of A. ferrooxidans K-l was observed.
5. Study of biodestruction of minerals of ore from Kokpatas deposit in model experiments revealed possibility of jarosite formation on surface of mibcrals in the process of bacterial treatment, which decreased sulphides’ biodestruction. Decrease in pH level of bacterial solutions to 1.5-1.7 at the period of irrigation of ore resulted in slowing down jarosite formation. It was revealed in laboratory conditions in filtration mode that under action of microorganisms the maximum degradation is observed at arsenopyrite while pyrite disintegrates at lesser degree.
6. Optimal parameters for implementation of bacterial oxidation of sulphide ore from Kokpatas deposit were established: application of association K-l, density of irrigation 8%, initial pH 1.7-1.8. It was established that application of water-sluble polimcr in irrigating bacterial solutions aloows to increase concentration of cells of dominating forms on ore mas and, correspondingly, increase gold extraction by 8-10%.
7. Large-scale trail of bacterial oxidation of sulphide go Id-containing ores in conditions of filtrational leaching (total weight 1200 t) was conducted. Gold extraction for 90 days of biooxidation was between 36.67 and 53.76%, whereas cyanidation of the initial probe resulted in 26.5%.
8. Availability and advantages of bacterial leaching method for uranium extraction from base uranium ores was established in laboratory conditions. Study in model columns determined that uranium extraction from ore reaches 96-98%. Obtained results of laboratory study revealed competitiveness of bioleaching compared with subacid leaching.
9. Application of bacterial solutions at uranium UL in “push-pull” mode allowed to create in the bed necessary acidic mode and extract remaining qualities of uranium from wasted pumping-down well, concentration of uranium at certain time of pumping-out reached 773 mg/1.
10. Efficacy of application of bacterial soluions for uranium extraction from wasted blocks of UL was established. It was determined that bacteria increase metal yield in 2.4 times, while at the equal debits by 4 times; at the dynamic mode of leachinf at application of bacterial culture into pumping-down solutions the uranium extraction was in 3.8 times higher compared to similar values of sulphuric acid leaching.
11. Analysis of conducted study testifies possibility of application of methods of biogeotehnology or microbial technology in Uzbekistan both for heap leaching of gold from sulphide res and for UL for additional extraction of uranium from wasted blocks of UL.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. At present, identification of mechanisms of chronic emotional stress effect on physiological and biochemical processes in organism at cellular membrane and molecular levels and preventing stress is one of the most actual problems, pending before scientists of the world. According to WHO, 80% of the world population is exposed under influence of chronic fatigue syndrome disease. In EU countries 40 million out of a 147 million workers suffer from stress and it brings damage to society of $ 19 billion2.
In the years of independence in the area of further enhance the level of life of our people it is paid special attention to the fundamental reform of the health system and the formation of a healthy lifestyle. Program activities, carried out in this direction, gives their results in education of the younger generation and further improve of people's health.
Today, all over the world, identification of mechanism of influence of different origin’s stress on organs and tissues in «in vitro» and «in vivo» conditions on physiological, biophysical, membrane and molecular levels, as well as variety of biological substances and drugs is one of the most urgent problems. To distinguish from each other changes that occur in cells, organelles and membranes of organs and tissues of organism at conducting of research for the correction of negative influence of stress on organism; to show similarity or difference between the effect of acute and chronic stress; to reveal influence of substances having antihypoxic and antioxidant properties; to prove mechanism of negative effect of drugs used in the treatment of stress on organism, together with a positive effect.
Given dissertation research to a certain extent serves for the fulfillment of tasks, stipulated by Presidential Decree № 1652 “On measures to further deepen the health system reform” from 28 November 2011, and №2221 “On State program to further strengthen of reproductive health, maternal health, children and teenagers in Uzbekistan for the period of 2014 - 2018 years” from 1 August 2014, Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers №416 “On measures to support domestic producers of medicines and medical products”, dated 14 July 2006, as well as other legal instruments adopted in this area.
The aim of the research. The aim of this work was to study the changes in gaseous oxygen metabolism of organism, some physiological readings of energy and lipid metabolism, processes of lipid peroxidation and activity of lipolytic enzymes of rats’ organs in the dynamics of the development of chronic emotional
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
it was revealed molecular mechanisms of differences structural and functional disorders from each other of cellular and mitochondrial membranes of various organs under the influence of chronic emotional pain stress in the anxiety, resistance and exhaustion stages;
it was proved that increase of transferase activity compared with phospholipase hydrolytic activity increases the content of lipids and phospholipids, «ionic layer» membrane and increase of metabolism within cell;
it was revealed dependence of the enhancement of catecholamines and adenine nucleotides (AN) synthesis in cell in anxiety stage of stress by increasing respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as gaseous oxygen exchange;
it was proved that the increase of transferase activity of phospholipases results in the approximation of cell structure and function, ATP synthesis in mitochondria, gaseous oxygen exchange in organism to that of healthy animals in the resistance stage;
it was revealed increase of “monolayer” formation in a membrane, output of cytochrome c from inner mitochondrial membrane as a result of hydrolytic activity elevation, phospholipase synthesis delay in cells under exhaustion stage of stress;
it was proved approach to norm or equation of energy and lipid metabolism change in cells and mitochondria under the influence of chronic emotional pain stress at administration of catacinc and bcnzonal to animals.
CONCLUSION
1. At chronic emotional pain stress, in anxiety stage gaseous oxygen exchange, thymus and adrenal mass is increased in rats. In the resistance stage it is gradually return to its original level, and in the exhaustion stage it is noticeably reduced.
2. a) In the anxiety stage noradrenaline content increases in brain tissue. In the early stage of anxiety noradrenaline increases and decreases in the end. Under the resistance stage catecholamine content decreases, in exhaustion stage increases again; b) In the anxiety stage, content of catecholamines in the adrenal glands, particularly adrenalin increases in resistance approaching to normal readings, and decreases in exhaustion stage.
3. In the anxiety stage, amount of ATP and adenine nucleotides content in brain, thymus, adrenal gland and liver tissues arc increased in steps of gradually approaching resistance performance standards, and arc reduced in the exhaustion stage. This means that the content of ATP is inner mitochondrial controller, and it controls the activity of translocase and H + - ATP synthase.
4. In the anxiety stage respiratory and oxidation-phosphorylating functions enhance in brain mitochondria and liver. In the resistance stage, there is a “soft” uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, and exhaustion decreased respiration and ATP synthesis.
5. At the beginning of the anxiety oxidation of NAD.H along to inner path increases, then decreases slightly, the decline accelerated in the resistance, the depletion is significantly reduced; external anxiety oxidation path does not change in resistance is accelerated in the depletion of acceleration markedly increases. This means that an anxiety stage cytochrome c gradually goes from the inner membrane of mitochondria in the intcrmcmbranc space, and in the output stage of resistance cytochrome c of membrane accelerates.
6. Regardless of the stress stage cholesterol, free fatty acids and LPC in the tissue of different organs increases and decreases FI; Other phospholipid fraction or in anxiety step increases or unchanged, but is reduced in the resistance.
7. Regardless of the stress stage peroxidation processes in the tissue and mitochondria of different organs, and phospholipase A2, lysophospholipase A] and phospholipase D activity increases in brain and liver mitochondria.
8. Regardless of the stress stage peroxidation processes increase in the tissues of various organs and mitochondria.
9. Introduction catacinc and bcnzonal to animals and subsequent stress effect reduces the deviation from the norm and the aforementioned indicators closer to that of healthy animals.

Urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. For today in the world preventive maintenance and treatment of oncological diseases remains actual in this connection the new medical products of a biological origin received from vegetative and animal raw materials arc created. On statistical data of the World Organization of Public health services within 20 years oncological disease grows in two1.
With acquisition of independence of Republic the organization of research works on reception of medical products from local raw materials and the carried out expanded actions for maintenance of the national parmacyeutical market with qualitative medical products at high level have led to certain results. Thus, it is especially important to note medical products received of local raw materials used at treatment of oncological diseases.
Now mechanisms of an aetiology and патогенеза cancer diseases definitively arc not found out because of the big complexity and variety of the molecular mechanisms occurring thus of processes. Carried out researches show, that soya components arc capable tumor cages, to induce apoptosis in the transformed cages, and they operate on tumor cages, and toxic effects concerning normal fabrics of an organism are, besides, one of the major problems is creation of effective medical products and their introduction in manufacture.
The given dissertational research in certain degree serves performance of the problems provided in Decisions of the President of Republic Uzbekistan from November, 28th, 2011 № software-1652 «About measures on the further deepening of reforming of system of public health services», the Cabinet of Republic Uzbekistan from March, 29th, 2012 № 91 «ABOUT measures on the further strengthening of material base and perfection of the organization of activity of medical institutions», and also in other is standard-legal documents accepted in given sphere.
The purpose of the research is reception of soy protein complex, determination of its physicochemical characteristics, anti-cancer activity on various kinds of cancer in vivo, in vitro on biopsies of breast and endometrial cancer, parmacy-toxicology of the received substance.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
- protein complex was isolated from soy beans, its physicochemical properties were determined;
- the purified protein consists of a complex of proteins with a molecular weight of 12,7-79,0 kDa, and isoelectric point in pl -4,1; 4.2, 4.5 and 4.7;
- mass spectrometry determined the presence of Kunitz trypsin protease inhibitor in the protein complex;
- specific antitumor activity of the protein complex revealed at in vitro and in vivo conditions;
- parmacy-toxicological properties of the received substance were identified;
- medical form of "Biokor-0,2g" preparation was developed 
Conclusions
1. For the first time Biokor preparation substance was extracted from the beans of Genetics-1 (Glycine max) soy sort. The substance consists of a complex of proteins with a molecular weight of 12,7-79,0 kD. Its isoelectric point is at pl -4,1, 4,2, 4, 5 and 4,7.2. The study determined amino acid composition of the protein complex active fractions Ala, Arg, Asp, Vai, His, Glu, Gly, He, Leu, Lys, Met, Pro, Ser, Tyr, Thr, Phe and identified proteins contained in Biokor preparation (Kunitz trypsin protease inhibitor, beta-amylase, bcta-conglycininalphaprimcsubunit, 2,4-DinduciblcglutathioncS-transferase, PRIO-likcprotcin, 24 kDaprotcinSC24).
2. The study has shown inhibitory activity of Biokor to serine proteases - trypsin, chymotrypsin and plasmin.
3. The study determined anti-tumor effect of Biokor substance on AKATOL, AKATON, B-16 melanoma and sarcoma 180 transplantable tumor strains. Biokor monotherapy inhibits the cancerous tissue growth in the transplanted tumor strains for more than 70%.
4. It has been revealed that Biokor substance increases proliferation of red bone marrow cells in experimental animals and their life span for 30 to 49% depending on tumor histogenesis.
5. It has been shown that introduction of Biokor substance in complex therapy with 5-fluorouracil increases antitumor effect on average from 10 to 25% and enhances the efficacy of radiotherapy of tumors at experimental animals on average for 1.5-2.3 times. Survival of experimental animals increases for 30 to 60%.
6. It has been determined that Biokor substance helps restore the immune status of tumor-bearing animals treated with 5-fluorouracil, modulates the therapeutic effect of anticanccr drugs and regulates immunity of tumor-bearing animals.
7. It has been determined that the introduction of Biokor substance improves hematological and morphological parameters of blood (normalization of the percentage of white blood cells, increase in the level of granulocytes, hemoglobin and quantity of red blood cell).
8. It has been shown in vitro that Biokor substance inhibits for more than 50% proliferation of breast cancer cells resistant to therapy (with the absence of receptors to estrogen and progesterone), endometrial cancer, colon cancer (with high content of bcl-2 and bK.i-67) at all stages of malignant transformation.
9. It has been found that Biokor substance belongs to class V of practically nontoxic compounds. LD50 at per os introduction of over 5000mg/kg, does not have cumulative effect, toxic influence on liver and kidney function, as well as pathomorphology of animal organs and tissues, has no effect on cardiovascular system, respiration and peripheral nervous system. Biokor substance does not have a local irritant, resorptive, allergenic, embryotoxic and teratogenic, mutagenic effects, immunotoxic effects on ccllularity and weight of lymphoid organs, on the number of macrophages and bone marrow ccllularity.
10. A dosage form of "Biokor - 0.2 g" immunomodulation preparation has been developed and is recommended for complex treatment of oncological diseases.

The aim of the research work is reveling of protein and isozyme markers, studying of their inheritance related with economically valuable traits of cotton and wheat, and their use in phylogenetic analysis (cotton).
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time on the basis of the data compiled for the reference spectrum of the three groups of proteins (water, buffer and sparingly soluble), allowing to describe electrophoretic passport of the individual cotton species and varieties;
determined relationship of the inheritance of protein markers with a number of agronomic characters of the cotton plant.
it shows that homology between one genomic species group is greater than the homology between species of different genomic groups.
G. raimondii species by protein composition exhibits relationship to the species with genomic groups Ai and A2;
established that frequency of occurrence of different populations of wheat varieties cultivated in different regions of the Republic, is different and may vary from year to year of cultivation, which in turn may be related to adaptability of the biotypes of intravariety populations to the specific agro-climatic conditions of the environment;
determined of the gluten content of the wheat varieties from different regions of the Republic, shown that this value is different in the studied samples, indicating about influence to this trait agro-climatic and agronomic conditions;
on the basis of the conducted researches released bread wheat variety «Pakhlavon».

The aim of the research work is the hybridization of amphidiploids obtained according to the scheme [G. thurberi Tod. x G. raimondii Ulbr.) x G.arboreum L.] x G.hirsutum L. with cultivars G.hirsutum L. and G.barbadense L. And the developing of genetically enriched polygenomic new inter-species composite hybrids of families and lines.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time, new 4 and 5 species composite interspecific hybrids were developed, based on the hybridization of the amphidiploid with a composite structure {[(G.thurberi Tod. x G.raimondii Ulbr.) x G.arboreum L.] x G.hirsutum L.} with cultivated species G.hirsutum L. and G.barbadense L
the formation and variability of the main agronomically valuable traits in interspecies composite hybrids (up to Fs) developed with the participation as the maternal form of the amphidiploid {[(G.thurberi Tod.x G.raimondii Ulbr.) x G.arboreum L.] x G. hirsutum L.};
correlation relationships of some agronomically valuable traits in newly created interspecies and backcross hybrids have been determined;
the possibility of identifying carly-maturity, productive recombinants and families with high yield and fiber quality, weight 1000 seeds, is grounded. Seeds, i.e., with a set of agronomically valuable traits by overcoming the negative correlation links of the interspecific composite hybrids of cotton that arc manifested in agronomical characters;
the importance of backcrosses in the developing of genetically enriched, with a positive complex of agronomically valuable traits of recombinants in the production of polygenomic interspecies hybrids of cotton with positive transgressive variability of attributes and properties, is proved;
new varieties SP-1303, SP-"Kamolot", S-1306 and S-7277 were developed with a set of economically valuable traits from polygenomic cotton lines.

The aim of research work is the development of technology for the production of new affordable, cheap thermo-chemically resistant, mechanically strong of polycondensation type of ion-exchange polymers on the basis of waste of Shurtan gas chemical complex and product of hydrolysis of the secondary industry based on furfural.
The object of the research work arc furfural, a secondary product of the hydrolysis industry and waste from the Shurtan gas chemical complex, sulfocathionitc.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork is as follows:
developed of the method for obtaining a new polymer by polycondensation reaction on the bottom waste of the Shurtan gas chemical complex with furfural for the introduction of ionogcnic groups;
determined the formation of polymers by the dependence of the reaction on the initial monomers, catalysts and reaction temperature:
developed the process mode of the process of sulfurization of the obtained polymer.
identified the main features of cationite, supporting the use of modem physical-chemical methods for the practical application of ionites;
received cation exchangers were used in chemical and hydromctallurgical facilities, as well as in softening artesian waters.
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of scientific findings on obtaining new ion exchange polymers for demineralization and purification of industrial water:
the Shurtan Gas Chemical Complex has received a patent for the invention of the Intellectual Property Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan (IAP 04635, 2012) on the method of obtaining new- sulphocationitcs on the basis of cube emissions and furfurol. This method allows you to obtain a new cheap thermo-chemical, mechanical strength cationite;
the synthesized ion exchange polymer was used for the enterprises of JSC "Uzkimyosanoat" (JSC Uzkimyosanoat №03-3184/M from September 30, 2016). As a result, sulfokationit allow s to recommend softening of boiler plants.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion, bibliography, and applications. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of research work is synthesis of new high performance multifunctional complexing ionites and their application in the course of a sorption of noble and non-ferrous metals of ions from individual and mixed solutions.
The object of the research work are epichlorohydrin, formaldehyde, carbamide, thiourea, РЕРЛ, cyanotriamide, hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, orthophosphoric acid, complexing ionites on their basis, the aqueous solutions containing color, infrequent and noble ions of metals.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
obtained selective, thermochemical resistance, polyfunctional nitrogen-, phosphorus-, oxygen- and sulfur-containing complexing resins based on epichlorohydrin-urea (thiourea), and formalin-urea (thiourea) with polyethylenepolyamine, melamine, phosphoric acid and hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile;
synthesized new effective and cheap complex-forming polyfunctional ion exchangers by the interaction of dimethylcarbodamidc and dimethylolthiourea with hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile and orthophosphoric acid on the basis of local raw materials;
determined the dependence of the reaction rate constant, the activation energy, the physicochemical properties of the obtained ion exchangers on temperature, the concentration of the initial substances and study of the kinetic synthesis processes;
determined the dependence of the basic chemical and physical-chemical properties (sorption of metals of silver, cobalt, zinc, nickel, copper, lead, sorption capacity, the degree of dissociation of functional groups) of import-substituting, complexing ion exchangers from chemical compounds and physicochemical properties of starting materials;
developed a technology for the preparation of complexing ion exchangers based on dimethyl-carbamidc (dimethylolthiocarbamide) and diglycidyl-carbamidc (diglycidylthiourca).
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of results of a research and development of technology of synthesis of complexing ionites:
These complexing ionites are made at the Tashkent research institute of engineering chemistry at JSC Uzkimyosanoat and applied at a sewage disposal of the enterprises, (the reference No. 05-3583/M of JSC Uzkimyosanoat from 2016 on November 4). As a result the developed way of extraction of noble and rare metals with application of the synthesized new complexing ionites gives the chance to recommend them for concentrating and extraction of ions of precious metals from hydromctallurgical industry sewage.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion and bibliography. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work study of some biological features of indigenous strains of entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, development and introduction to practice of the insecticide preparation on its basis.
The object of the research work were collection strains of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from soil and pests in conditions of Uzbekistan strains of fungus Fusarium oxysporum, crops’ pests (cutworm, cotton worm, Colorado beetle, cotton aphid, spider mite), crystal-toxins of entomopathogenic bacteria, technological regulations and microbiological typical technology of production.
Scientific novelty' of the research work:
For the first time, index of distribution of the indigenous entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis was established from the point of view of different regions;
Selected strains of indigenous bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis were classified according to morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical features;
Antifungal activity towards fungus Fusarium oxysporum and insecticide activity towards main cotton pests (cotton worm - Heliothis armigera Hb., cutworm - Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff, Colorado beetle - Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say., cotton aphid - Aphis gossypii Glov., spider mite - Tetranychus urticde Koch.) were determined;
Optimal composition of the nutrient medium was established for selected strains and conditions of their growth and development were determined aiming establishment of necessary activity and development;
For the first time, pilot-technological regulation of the production of the new insecticide biopreparation was developed on basis of indigenous entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis;
Technology for production of the preparation “Antibac-Uz” on basis of indigenous entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis was developed;
Biological efficacy of pests’ control by the biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” was proved against cotton worm - Heliothis armigera Hb., cutworm - Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff., Colorado beetle - Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say., cotton aphid -Aphis gossypii Glov., spider mite - Tetranychus urticde Koch.;
It was established that biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” does not exert negative action towards useful insects inhabiting cotton agrobicenosis, e.g. lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea Steph.) and ladybug (Coccinella semperpunctataL.)
Implementation of the research results. Based on production and introduction into practice of the multifunctional biopreparation developed on basis of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis'.
- A patent for invention was received for the bacterial strain from the Agency for Intellectual Property of the Republic of Uzbekistan (15.05.2006. №IAP 03054). This strain allows to produce biopreparations with insecticide features possessing high biological activity in industrial conditions;
-Biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” was introduced into agricultural practice in 2012-2016 Bukhara, Jizzak, Surkhandarya, Kashkadarya and Tashkent regions fro pest control on cotton (Certificate № 02/23-1267 of the Ministry of agriculture and water resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated on December 7, 2016).
Possibility of increased cotton productivity was established as result of application of the domestic biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” to control cotton worm: the fiber yield surplus was 110 kg per hectare and index of production profitability raised by 18%.
The structure and volume of the thesis. Containing 200 pages of text, the dissertation has introduction, six chapters, conclusions and list of references.

The aim of research work is to define the most often meeting types of fungi-pathogens in ornamental flowers grown in greenhouses conditions and in the open ground of Tashkent and Namangan regions and improving measures of their control.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
59 kinds, 11 forms and 1 variation of fungi-pathogens in 15 types of flowers grown in the conditions of Tashkent and Namangan regions were defined;
infection of selected flowers by 81 kinds of fungi-pathogens was determined;
it was revealed, that the selected 15 species of flower plants were infected with the most dangerous diseases, such as fusarium wilt -10 species of flowers, gray rot-11, rust-11, and powdery mildew-6;
in the conditions of our republic on 15 types of flowers was used Trichoderma viride as a biological method and such kind of fungicides as Maksim, Baileton, Fundazol in controlling of defined diseases as chemical method and economical efficiency of these measures were estimated.

The aim of research work is purposeful synthesis of the modified polysaccharides containing substitutes of the anion nature (sulfate, phosphate and carboxyl), complementarity interacting with specific receptors of pathogens, and definition of their biological function for the purpose of the creation of therapeutic systems with directed antibacterial and antiviral actions.
The objects of the research work arc the celluloses isolated from cotton lint, pectin from apple and citrus, galactomannans obtained from Glcditsia triacanthos and Styphnolobium japonicum seeds, mono- (C-2; C-3 and C-6), di-(C-2,3 and C-2,6), tri-(C-2,3,6) substituted sulfate and phosphate derivatives of the polysaccharides, gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, cell line of mouse embryonic fibroblasts SC-1 and NIH 3T3, Huh7.5.1 cells.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork is as follows:
it have been developed methods to obtain sulphate derivatives of polysaccharides with a molecular mass (MM) of 10.5-120.4 kD and a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.30-2.92, phosphate derivatives with MM of 6.2-72 kDa and DS 0.15 -2.45, with a uniformly distribution of the substituted groups along the macromolecular chain, as well as, it is validated a potential possiblity of the development of antibacterial and antiviral drugs based on them;
the influence of the molecular weight of the macromolecule of anion-derived polysaccharides, content of sulfate, phosphate, carboxyl groups along the macromolecule, conformation of the macromolecule, an arrangement of substituted groups in the anhydro-hexose unit on bactericidal and virucidal activity is established;
It was established that the sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria depends on the nature and molecular parameters of the modified polysaccharides, with an An increases in DS and Mw of the samples increase antibacterial activity to a certain value, but the spontaneous, sharp increases in the activity arc observed at DS from 1,9 to 2,1 and, sulfate beta-hexosans (cellulose, galactomannan) have a more effective antimicrobial effect in comparison with sulfated a-hexosans (amylose, polygalacturonic acid, dextran);
it has been established that the anionic derivatives of polysaccharides arc potential objects for the development of drugs against leukemia, hepatitis C and HIV and it has been proven that the antiviral activity against leukemia virus is in the range of 0.02-0.45 μg
Implementation of the research results:On the basis of the study on biosclcctive macromolecular systems on basis of sulfated polysaccharides having antibacterial and antiviral activities bottom:
it is resived patent for the invention of the Agency for Intellectual Property of the Republic of Uzbekistan "Tobacco Mosaic Virus Inhibitor on Plant Leafs" (12.10.2010, No. IAP 04603). The results of scientific research gave a possiblity to develop the preparation, which will be used against pathogens in crops and in medicine; 
the developed conditions for systematic modification of polysaccharides in the automatic continuous control of polymerization reactions (ACOMP) allowed, for the first time, successfully implement the ACOMP system for continuous monitoring of the natural products modification reactions, and to develop and implement a new device for simultaneous measurement of bulk viscosity, molecular weight and ion concentration parameters (electrical conductivity and pH values) of the system on the recirculation ACOMP configuration (reference from Tulane University, USA, on November 3, 2016). This is a significant global achievement, since monitoring the polysaccharide modification reaction is the first step in controlling the process of modifying natural products - biopolymers;
the developed modification methods have been used in the preparation of selectively substituted sulfate derivatives of polysaccharides. It gave the possiblity to develop polymer antibacterial compositions against multidrug-resistant bactcrias as St. aureus, St. epidermides, E. coli (LN) и Klebsiella (reference from Kumamoto University of Japan on November 15, 2016);
based on the results on the supramolccular structure and anticoagulant activity of sulfate derivatives of polysaccharides, more than 80 foreign journals with high impact factor (JIF) were used for the physicochemical and pharmacological analysis of the samples. (Acta biomatcrialia, 2010, V.6, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 6,32; Biorcsourcc Technology, 2009, V.4, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 5,65; Biomacromolecules, 2011, V.6, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 5,25; Carbohydrate polymers, 2012, V.2, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 4,81; Food Hydrocolloids, 2014, V.35, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 4,75; Langmuir, 2013, V.12, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,83; Polymer, 2011, V.l, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,68; Phytomedicine, 2011, V.6, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,53; Cellulose, 2010, V.2, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,42). Application of scientific results made it possible to characterize the molecular and pharmacological properties of polysaccharide esters.
The structure and volume of the thesis. Containing 191 pages of text, the dissertation has introduction, five chapters, conclusions, list of references and appendices.