“Иқтисодиёт ва инновацион технологиялар” илмий электрон журнали. № 2, март-апрель, 2017 йил
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IMPROVEMENT OF THE INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN
THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF
UZBEKISTAN
Ortikboy OTAMURATOV,
Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, 2-year graduate student
Abstract:
At the present time, the pharmaceutical industry's competitiveness
and the next stage of development is determined by implementation of innovative
developments and successful introduction of new technologies into this area which is
created by local research institutions and scientists. This article discusses scientific
and practical information on improvement of innovation management processes and
implementation of innovation in the pharmaceutical industry.
Аннотация:
В
настоящее
время
конкурентоспособность
фармацевтической промышленности и следующий этап ее развития
определяются внедрением инновационных разработок и успешным внедрением
новых технологий в эту область, которые создаются местными научно-
исследовательскими учреждениями и учеными. В данной статье обсуждается
научно-практическая информация о совершенствовании процессов управления
инновациями и внедрении инноваций в фармацевтической отрасли.
Аннотация:
Бугунги кунда мамлакатимиз фармацевтика соҳаси ҳолати
ва кейинги ривожланиш босқичида унинг рақобатбардошлиги, бу соҳада
маҳаллий илмий тадқиқот институтлари олимлари томонидан яратилган
инновацион ишланмалар ва янги технологияларни амалиётга муваффақиятли
жорий этилиши билан боғлиқ. Ушбу мақолада фармацевтика соҳасида
яратилган инновацияларни амалиётга жорий этилишини бошқаришни
такомиллаштириш тўғрисида илмий ва амалий маълумотлар келтирилган.
Keywords:
pharmaceutical
industry,
management
of
innovations,
classification of innovations, research and development in pharmaceutical industry,
pharmaceutical industry competitiveness.
Introduction
The pharmaceutical industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is one of the
most important elements of the healthcare system, is on the verge of radical changes.
Most of all, these changes should be related to the formation of an innovative
component, the development of import substitution and the growth of labor
productivity. In this regard, the issue of improving the state regulation of the
pharmaceutical industry is becoming more urgent. To protect the industry from
competing imports, which create a threat to domestic producers, it is possible through
government intervention and stimulation of the innovative component in the
pharmaceutical industry. This knowledge-intensive industry, viewed from the point
of view of all the main parameters, should become one of the most highly developed
“Иқтисодиёт ва инновацион технологиялар” илмий электрон журнали. № 2, март-апрель, 2017 йил
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sectors of the economy. After all, the domestic pharmaceutical industry contributes to
the development of society and the improvement of its health.
At present, the preservation and strengthening of public health is one of the
priorities of the state in the field of domestic policy. The solution of this problem in
our country is connected with the task of effective development of the pharmaceutical
products market. In the current conditions of market relations, this market, although it
is one of the most stable developing segments of the country's economy, there are
important and urgent problems that require in-depth study and a fairly prompt
solution. This refers to the need to study the state of the market and its base - the
pharmaceutical industry, which is able, under favorable conditions, to effectively
address a significant part of the population's needs for medicines.
In this connection, an important problem is the restructuring and modernization of the
pharmaceutical industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan in accordance with
international standards, the formation and development of an innovative economy
based on scientific and technological progress and the growing needs of society.
Practical implementation of these issues is inextricably linked with government
support of the pharmaceutical industry. In solving the problem, the task of supporting
scientific developments in the field of pharmacy and medical technology, as well as
the formation of investment resources for the progressive development of the market
of quality innovative medicines, is of special importance.
New economic conditions in Uzbekistan led to the introduction of the
terminology of the market economy into scientific circulation, including in the field
of innovation. In the relevant domestic and foreign literature devoted to the study of
problems of innovation, different views on the nature and content of innovation,
innovation, innovation processes are traced. It is important to note that in economic
literature there is no single understanding of the essence of innovation. Different
scientists, both foreign and domestic, interpret these concepts depending on the object
and subject of their research. In our dissertation research, the object is the
pharmaceutical industry, which has a huge social importance, in this regard, the study
will give preference to such interpretations of innovations, where there is an aspect of
social effectiveness and significance. Under innovation, we will consider the final
result of the introduction of a new idea, contributing to meeting the existing need in
the market in order to obtain an economic, social, ecological, technical and other type
of effect. The main thing is to innovate, to turn innovation into the form of
innovation, that is, to complete innovation activity and get positive not only
economic but also social result, which for the pharmaceutical industry acquires
special significance, since it is socially significant and touches upon issues of
socioeconomic and biological security of the country.
Literature review
Directly the problems of innovation planning and management of innovation
processes were studied by such foreign scientists R. Adam, E. Rogers, A. King, B.
Schneider, L. Anderson, L. Brigitte, H. Barnet and others. Innovation management
was reflected in the works of R. Bazzel, SV. Valdaiţ wa, V.M. Vlasova, E.I. Krylova,
V.B. Sirotkin, U. Sharp and others.
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The subject of innovation management in various fields of activity was devoted
to their research by foreign scientists: I.T. Balabanov, N.P. Form, Tsc. Dosy, P.F.
Drucker, P.N. Zavlin, A.K. Kazantsev, G.A. Krayukhin, D. Medovnikov, M.S.
Mintairov, B. Perkin, I. Pinnings, E.V. Popov, AA Rumyantsev, B. Santo, B. Twiss,
R. A. Fatkhutdinov, J. Haur, P.K. Yankovsky, I. Schumpeter, A.G. Fonotov, D. Fore,
Yu.V. Yakovets, etc.
At the same time, there are still not so many domestic fundamental research on
the problem of innovation in the pharmaceutical industry, so practice needs to
develop a system of measures to support innovation in the market of medicines.
The subject of the study is the pharmaceutical industry
The subject of the study is the theoretical and methodological problems of
innovation management in the pharmaceutical industry.
The aim of the study is to improve the innovation management system in the
market of medicines.
Realization of the set goal implies the solution of the following tasks
- clarify the concept and formulate the main types of classification of
innovations in relation to the sectoral section of the economy;
- identify the features of innovation in a rapidly changing competitive
environment;
- analyze the state and development trends of the world market of food
innovations in the pharmaceutical industry;
- identify problems in the local market for innovative medicines;
- to improve the concept of development of the pharmaceutical industry;
- within the framework of the proposed concept, to develop elements of a
strategy for the development of pharmaceutical clusters;
- to offer criteria for evaluating the company's innovative potential for
introducing basic or improving innovations;
- develop methodological recommendations for calculating the value of an
innovative product;
- Propose and justify methodological recommendations for assessing the social
and economic effectiveness of innovations in the pharmaceutical industry.
Theoretical and methodological basis of the research
The theoretical basis of the research was the normative legal acts of the
Republic of Uzbekistan, the materials of international scientific and practical
conferences on the development of the medical support system. The theoretical basis
of the study was the work of domestic and foreign scientists who substantiated the
conceptual provisions in the field of general management theory, as well as in the
field of innovation management. The methodological basis of the study is: a
systematic approach, the principles of logical and comparative analysis, methods of
comparison, grouping and generalization, analogies and quantitative analysis,
analytical and prognostic methods. The information basis of the thesis was statistical
data of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics, materials of
legislative and executive and regional authorities. As an empirical base in the study,
the results of the American information and analytical company IMS Health,
specializing in the research of the world pharmaceutical market, reports of the
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marketing agency DSM Group, developing analytical databases on the
pharmaceutical market, statistical data of JSC "UzFarmSanoat", as well as other
Internet resources Specializing in the production of specialized periodicals.
Classification of innovations
It is important to note that in economic literature there is no single
understanding of the essence of innovation. Different scientists, both foreign and
domestic, interpret these concepts depending on the object and subject of their
research. In our dissertation research, the object is the pharmaceutical industry, which
has a huge social importance, in this regard, the study will give preference to such
interpretations of innovations, where there is an aspect of social effectiveness and
significance. Under innovation, we will consider the final result of the introduction of
a new idea, contributing to the satisfaction of the existing demand in the market for
the purpose of obtaining economic social, ecological, technical and other type of
effect. The main thing is to innovate, to turn innovation into the form of innovation,
that is, to complete innovation activity and get positive not only economic but also
social result, which for the pharmaceutical industry acquires special significance,
since it is socially significant and touches upon issues of socioeconomic and
biological security of the country.
To develop an innovation strategy, it is necessary to know the classification of
innovations. The theory and practice testify to its diversity. Depending on the goals
and objectives of the research, various classifications are used. As a rule, in
publications devoted to innovations, each author brings his own classification of
innovations. Summarizing various points of view, it is possible to classify
innovations according to different criteria, which is reflected in Figure 1.
C
lass
if
ica
ti
on
cr
it
eri
a
Prevalence
Single
Diffuse
Place in production cycle
Raw
Binding
End product
Subject and sphere annexes
Technological
Goods
Organizational
managerial
Areas of development
Industrial
Financial
Trade
Scientific
Continuity
Substituting
Abolishing
Refundable
Opening
Coverage of the expected
market share
Local
Systemic
Strategic
Innovative potential
Radical
Modified
Combined
Content
Technical
Organizational
Social
Economic
Degree of novelty
Absolute
Relative
Conditiona
l
Particular
Scientific and technical
significance
Basic
Pseudo innovative
Expansion level
World
Public
Country
Field
Cause emergence
Reactive
Strategic
Features of innovative
of the process
In-house
Inter organizational
Nature of the needs
Focused on existing
needs
Focused on
new needs
Attitude to spheres of activity
Manufacturing
Technological
Economic
Managerial
Entrance and exit
Changes in the choice of resources
Changes in the product
lines and services
Figure 1. Multicriterial classification of innovations
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For the pharmaceutical industry, product innovations are of particular
importance, since it is the medicines themselves that are a vital product for the
population of the country, but product innovations are also important for enterprises.
They allow the firm to maximize profits through an increase in relative to the cost
price of the actual sale of a unit of a new product, as well as new modifications and
upgrades of the previous product. Product innovations allow you to maximize the
profit of the firm and through increased sales.
To achieve this, three types of strategy are possible: when a firm develops,
develops and offers in the existing commodity market highly effective, attractive
products (medicines) that switch from the company's competitors to the demand of
customers for this type of product; When creating a new product, finding a "niche" in
the market, satisfying the existing demand in the previously unfilled market segment;
When the buyer is offered a fundamentally new product and at the same time creates
a new market, on which there are no competitors yet.
Conclusion
When entering the emerging pharmaceutical markets, it is necessary to develop
a flexible strategy adapted to the specific characteristics of local markets. At the
initial stage it is necessary to get acquainted with the details of the development of
the country's healthcare system, the available infrastructure, the main features of the
national mentality, the economic situation, state regulation of the industry.
There are 5 critical factors that determine the company's success in the
developing pharmaceutical market:
1. A differentiated approach to the marketing of products, which is necessary
for the market and which could potentially interest consumers.
2. Availability of access to the most recent, accurate and reliable research data
information necessary for understanding emerging markets.
3. An effective inventory management strategy developed in accordance with
the needs of the local market.
4. Development and implementation of commercial models, with which you
can increase the profitability of the company's business in developing pharmaceutical
markets and reduce the time of return on investment.
5. Understanding the features of pricing and determining the margin, which
achieves the maximum possible market value of the company's products in a given
market.
References
1.
Global Competitiveness in the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Effect of
National Regulatory, Economic, and Market Factors. Haworth Press, 1999; 188 pp.
2.
Helms, Robert В. Competitive Strategies in the Pharmaceutical Industry.
AEI Press, 1996; 400 pp.
3.
Parvis, Ethan N. (Ed.). The Pharmaceutical Industry: Access and Outlook .
Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2002; 193 pp.
4.
Schweitzer, Stuart O. Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy. Oxford
University Press, 1997; 256 pp.
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5.
Smith, Mickey C. Studies in Pharmaceutical Economics. Haworth Press,
1996; 586 pp.
6.
The Pharmaceutical Industry: The Future of Pharmaceuticals —
Opportunities, Risks & Areas to Watch. Aspatore Books, 2003; 240 pp.
7.
Takuji Hara. Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Process of
Drung Discovery and Development, 2003
8.
Tony Grundy, Laura Brown. Project Management for the Pharmaceutical
Industry,2004
9.
Andre Jungmittag. Changing Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry:
Globalization and New Ways of Drag Development, 2003
10.
Oliver Gassman. Leading Pharmaceutical Innovation: Trends and Drivers
for Growth in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2004
