Vol. 5 No. 04 (2025): Volume - V Issue - IV

This article explores the creative dialogue between two poets—Boris Pasternak and Abdulla Oripov—who belong to different cultural and historical traditions yet speak the universal language of poetry. It analyzes the key motifs in their lyrics: the philosophical interpretation of time, the role of nature as a metaphor for the inner world, historical memory, and the search for harmony in chaos. The comparison of Russian and Uzbek poetic traditions allows us to identify both the commonalities and unique aspects of their worldviews. The article highlights the significance of their works as a "bridge of eternity" connecting eras, cultures, and human existence.

The article showcases the primary practical aspects of dental treatment for patients with diabetes, with the objective of averting potential complications. Here are a few indications of the patient's oral cavity disease manifestation. In addition, patients are furnished with numerous oral hygiene recommendations.

This article provides information about the reforms in the field of madrasah education which were carried out by Seljuk sultans such as Alp Arslan (455/1063-465/1072), Malik-Shah (465/1072-485/1092), Sanjar (511/1118-552/1157) and prime minister Nizam al-Mulk (455/1063-485/1092). The process of establishing madrasahs throughout the territories of Seljuk sultanate was also illustrated in chronological order. At the same time, brief information was given about the Nizamiyya madrasahs that were located in central cities of country, as well as madrasahs specialised in medicine and hadith. In addition, the madrasah education system was also touched upon.

According to a number of legal scholars, the laws that should be followed during wars have been established mainly by international organizations since the 19th century. The article shows, using historical events as an example, that such humanitarian ideas were formed as legal norms much earlier in the history of Uzbek statehood.

This study explores the integration of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a tool for estimating and evaluating the business strategy of banks. The increasing complexity and dynamism of the banking industry necessitate the use of advanced decision-making techniques that can process large amounts of data and provide insightful recommendations for strategic decisions. In this research, AHP is employed to prioritize various factors influencing business strategy, while ANN is used to model the relationship between these factors and the bank's performance. By integrating these two techniques, this paper aims to provide a robust model that helps in estimating the effectiveness of different business strategies in the banking sector. The results demonstrate that the ANN-AHP integration can offer valuable insights for strategy formulation, improve decision-making accuracy, and enhance business performance in a competitive banking environment.

Thyroid diseases are increasing worldwide. Thyroid pathology ranks second among all endocrine diseases after diabetes mellitus. This is due to the the influence of various exogenous factors: iodine deficiency in the environment, the effects of various stromogenic factors, the deterioration of the ecological situation, and improved diagnostics of thyroid nodules. Studying the impact of thyroid pathology on the condition of periodontal tissues is also important because one of its diseases - endemic goiter - is quite widespread, especially in regions with a deficiency of a number of natural focal factors - iodine and fluorine. This is due to the influence of exogenous factors: iodine deficiency in the environment, the action of various stromogenic factors, the deterioration of the ecological situation, and improved diagnostics of thyroid nodules.

This article will present a technique for traversing a graph. Several questions arise here. For example, can we walk along the edges of a graph starting from a vertex and returning to it by visiting each edge of the graph exactly once? Similarly, can we walk along the edges of a graph starting from a vertex and returning to it while visiting each vertex of the graph exactly once? As can be seen, both questions are identical, but what is important is to consider two circuits that answer the above questions, namely the Euler circuit and the Hamilton circuit. Solving the Hamilton circuit for most graphs is very difficult. In this section, we will examine these questions and discuss the difficulty of solving them.

The article considers the problem of filtration of suspensions with the formation of a nonlinearly compressible sedimentary layer. Based on numerical calculations, the dependence of filtration characteristics on nonlinear effects is established.

Study of changes in optical parameters of the surface layer of glass after thermal treatment of optical glasses X-230 and 6Ba-4, as well as changes in optical parameters during storage in air, in a desiccator and for two years in air.

This study searches to provide a comprehensive analytical assessment of the contemporary trends in investment attraction in Uzbekistan and to explore the strategic prospects that lie ahead. By examining current policies, sectoral dynamics, and investor behaviour, the research aims to identify the main drivers of investment flows and propose actionable recommendations for enhancing the country’s appeal to both foreign and domestic investors. In doing so, it contributes to a broader understanding of how emerging economies like Uzbekistan can position themselves as competitive and sustainable investment destinations in a rapidly changing global environment.

Two–stage dental implantation is a modern method of restoring the dentition, in which the procedure for installing an implant is divided into two main stages. The first stage involves the surgical insertion of an implant into the jaw bone. This is followed by a waiting period, during which the osseointegration process takes place – the fusion of the implant with the bone tissue. The second stage of dental implantation begins after the successful completion of this process and includes the installation of an abutment and prosthetics – the direct restoration of the tooth crown.

This article analyzes the process of forming terminological systems across different fields of knowledge, focusing on its fundamental principles and stages of development. Terms constitute a vital element of scientific and practical activity, and their systematization is closely related to scientific and technological progress, linguistic characteristics, historical and cultural factors, and processes of international integration. The article also explores the specifics of terminology formation in science, technology, economics, medicine, law, and politics. It argues that the development and standardization of terminology is a crucial process for advancing scientific thinking and organizing effective international scientific dialogue.

The article analyzes the general physical properties of rain-soaked soils of the Zaaminsky district. In conditions of climatic changes on rich soils, and always planting the same type of crop leads to a change in soil properties. The general physical properties of soils are of great importance for determining soil fertility, moisture consumption, mobility, and nutrient absorption. In the upper layer of undeveloped typical gray-earth soils, the density is 1.30-1.32 g/cm3, in the lower layers 1.38-1.40 g/cm3, compacting from top to bottom. On the southern slope of the rain-fed soils, it can be seen that in the arable and sub-arable soil layers it is 1.28-1.32 g/cm3, and in the lower layers it is 1.36-1.40 g/cm3.

Physical training is a critical component of a young judoka girl's development. To improve their performance, they need to have a proper training regime that combines various exercises and techniques. Technology has advanced significantly over the years, and it can be used to improve the quality of physical training. In this article, we will explore various technologies that can be used to improve the quality of physical training for young judoka girls.

The subject of research in the article is approaches to the study of railway terminology as a language for special purposes. Transport and, in particular, railway terminology occupies an important place in the terminological system of the English language. First, the article considers the main interpretations of the concept of "language for special purposes". Further, such approaches to the study of the railway terminology of the English language as a semantic approach, a structural approach and an etymological approach are considered. The semantic approach consists in classifying terms into semantic groups.

Currently, one of the main tasks of language learners is independent and active participation in intercultural communication aimed at using the knowledge gained directly in their professional activities through studying the culture of a foreign language in order to form communicative competence. The use of authentic materials in teaching foreign languages in practical activities during the educational process helps to solve these problems.

Univerbats are an important component of the language system, reflecting the trends of its development and adaptation to changing communicative conditions. Russian linguists such as N.M. Shansky, E.A. Zemskaya, T.V. Grinev, V.V. Lopatin emphasize that univerbats perform various functions, contributing not only to the economy of linguistic means, but also to the expressiveness, convenience and accuracy of communication.

This article examines various methods and techniques of working with texts in the process of learning foreign languages in primary education. It discusses approaches to reading and analyzing texts—such as skimming, scanning, deep reading, and chunking—and how they assist in the language learning process while developing students’ language skills. The article also addresses the role of digital tools and interactive activities in improving students’ reading abilities. The goal of the article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of text-based learning strategies and their effectiveness in foreign language acquisition among young learners.

In this article presents information about the most serious problem in endodontically. In clinical practice were described the basic rules and principles of endodontics cavity preparation (coronal and root canals) for prevention errors. The main recommendations gives by authors for quantity endodontically treatment of teeth.

In this paper modern methods of diagnostics and treatment of caries are studied: review of innovative technologies, examples of hardware methods of diagnostics are given. They are compared with each other, advantages and disadvantages of each method are taken into account.

Professional formation of a personality in recent years has received more and more attention. The main reasons for this are related to the expansion of the spheres of mobility of the spheres of personal mobility: professional, social and political, where the professional sphere is the main one. This determines the need to study the orientation and factors that influence professional self-determination, successful implementation of activities, as well as the choice of subsequent specialization within a particular specialty.

Fissures are special natural grooves and grooves located on the dental enamel of the chewing surface of teeth between the chewing cusps. The method of sealing consists of obturation of fissures and other anatomical recesses.

Healthy teeth with adhesive materials in order to create a barrier for external cariesogenic factors.

To obtain clinical experience of using new silers in treatment of apical periodontitis of permanent teeth.Treatment of chronic apical periodontitis of permanent teeth with root canal obturation with new siler based on epoxy resin and bioceramic siler has been carried out.

This examination examines the issue of emotional exhaustion in physicians, including its symptoms and the underlying causes. The article's foundation was the research that revealed the emotional exhaustion syndrome in students and physicians of various specialities. Burnout, its symptoms, and its causes in the context of physicians. The article was derived from a study that examined the identification of the syndrome of emotional exhaustion among students and physicians of a variety of specialities.

Consideration is given to the issue of emotional exhaustion related to medical professionals.  An analysis of perspectives of potential sources of frustration in the profession is provided.  The formation and models of emotional exhaustion syndrome are explained from the perspectives of H. Freidenberg, K. Maslach, V. V. Boyko, D. Direndonk, and V. Schaufeli.  The characteristics of psychodiagnostic methods employed to examine emotional fatigue and psychosomatic patterns are delineated.  An effort is made to compile a list of psychological characteristics and behavioural traits that prevent the development of emotional exhaustion syndrome and preserve professional longevity and psychological resources.  In the future, it is intended to examine the specifics of the development of emotional burnout syndrome in medical personnel with varying lengths of service in the context of an increased workload and to develop recommendations for prevention.

Dental defects are a prevalent disease of the dentoalveolar system. The demand for the production of detachable prostheses within the spectrum of prosthetic care is significantly large, ranging from 33% to 68% [4-6]. Following tooth loss, atrophy occurs in the alveolar process of the maxilla and the alveolar segment of the mandible.

Developmental lip deformity, cleft alveolar process, and cleft palate represent some of the most challenging malformations within the maxillofacial region, with an incidence of 1 in 1000 newborns, a figure that continues to rise [3, 4, 13, 18]. The rehabilitation and care of these patients is a pressing issue due to atypical facial development, secondary abnormalities, speech and mastication difficulties, prolonged recovery periods, and the necessity for the child's social adaptability [8]. Current research discusses how to manage children with cleft lip and palate issues, and some people believe that an integrated strategy is necessary [11, 19].

The city of Samarkand has recently implemented a series of measures to enhance the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vertical anomalies, specifically exposed bites. Currently, numerous scientists and practitioners are conducting deeper investigations into the factors that contribute to the development of this aberration. Endogenous and exogenous elements, as well as the patient's living circumstances, taking into consideration the patient's age, are particularly significant in therapeutic practice. We implemented preventive interventions for 37 patients aged 6 to 15 with an open bite. [1,2]

In order to diagnose patients with open occlusion using contemporary methodologies, we must consider their age and the nature of the anomaly, taking into account all aspects of this anomaly.

An open bite is regarded as a distinct form of dental anomaly and may be incorporated with other disorders in the transversal or sagittal orientation. [3]

According to the literature, an exposed bite is present in 62% of cases, in conjunction with the mesial ratio of dentition.

One significant aberration of the maxillary system is an open bite. As per the findings of a survey and observation conducted by Nigmatova R.N., Shaamukhamedov F.A., and Nigmatova I.M. (2017), 1.4% of children aged 3-6 years had exposed bites. L.P. Grigoriev (1995) reports a prevalence of 1.12% in children aged 7 to 16 years. 2.7% in the prevalence of maxillary system abnormalities. [5,6].

However, several experts assert that by the time children are 9 to 10 years old, the prevalence of open bites declines. This is linked to the normalisation of swallowing and breathing processes as well as the eradication of negative habits that lead to the formation of the anomaly. During late adolescence, there may be a recurrent rise in the incidence of open bite attributable to delayed osseous growth in the face area of the skull [4].

This article discusses the importance of mathematical formulas in working with information and their application to programming issues. In particular, it provides detailed information about the formulas necessary for determining the efficiency of information compression, principal component analysis, information classification, and probabilistic forecasting.