Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Political Sciences and Economics

 This article analyzes the role of myths and legends in human culture. It discusses the origins of myths, their influence on art, literature, and social life, as well as their preservation as cultural heritage. Mythological symbols and their reflection in modern culture are explored through examples, highlighting the significance of myths and legends for contemporary societ

 One of the urgent problems of dentistry is the prevention and treatment of dental diseases in children with severe somatic pathology. Currently, chronic pyelonephritis is often among the severe somatic diseases that lead to disability. According to the Association of Scientists of Hemodialysis and Renal Pathology (2007), chronic pyelonephritis (CP) is the third leading cause of chronic renal failure, causing growth and developmental delay, disability and a significant reduction in the life expectancy of sick children. According to WHO, kidney and urinary tract diseases account for 3-4%. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in chronic pyelonephritis in children.

This article analyzes the economic, social, and political effects of inflation in the Central Asian countries. It provides an in-depth examination of the role of inflation in the regional economy and its impact on various sectors, including price increases, consumers' purchasing power, and economic growth rates. The article also highlights the differences in inflation management and economic policies among the regional countries, such as Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. Furthermore, it explores how inflation is shaped by both global and domestic factors, including global economic changes, fluctuations in exchange rates, and challenges related to domestic resources, and the effects these have on the regional economy. Additionally, the paper focuses on analyzing the approaches and measures adopted by the governments of Central Asia to tackle inflation within their economic policies.

This article explores the formal and structural characteristics of terminology associated with religious workers in contemporary Uzbek society. Through a linguistic lens, it examines the origin, evolution, and morphological structures of relevant terms, highlighting how cultural, religious, and social dynamics influence the formation and transformation of such lexicon. The study draws upon modern sources and linguistic theories to identify the semantic scope and structural patterns of these terms within the Uzbek language.

The article describes a range of evidence-based strategies for addressing student anxiety associated with speaking. It examines the psychological underpinnings of anxiety, the impact of anxiety on performance, and practical interventions that educators can implement to foster a supportive learning environment. By focusing on gradual exposure, relaxation techniques, peer support, and constructive feedback, this article provides a comprehensive framework for helping students overcome their fears and develop confident speaking skills.

This article explores effective methods for improving the financing of green economy projects. It discusses various instruments such as green bonds, public-private partnerships, and green banks, and emphasizes the importance of fiscal reforms, institutional investment, and international cooperation. The article also highlights innovative approaches involving fintech and digital tools. Through practical recommendations, it aims to support policymakers, financial institutions, and development agencies in closing the green financing gap and accelerating the global shift toward sustainable development.

When studying the phenomenon of integration, it is necessary to rely on the foundations of state and public life, the system of international relations, and general political patterns. Political integration is an objective process that allows participating entities to achieve mutually beneficial results at low costs. But integration requires careful preparation from the entities, as well as the desire and ability to manage them. With the emergence and establishment of new integration political processes, old procedures and institutional difficulties are eliminated. The article scientifically analyzes the issues of studying and effectively using the experience of the European Union in Central Asian integration at this stage of historical development.

This article analyzes the micro- and macroeconomic significance of investment activity in the development of the country's economy. Taking into account factors such as human capital, technological innovations and infrastructure development, attracting investments and their effective management have a significant impact on economic growth. The article analyzes the economic aspects of investment activity, the state's investment policy, the distribution of investments by sectors and their impact on macroeconomic growth. Also, from a microeconomic point of view, the issues of increasing the efficiency of enterprises and businesses through proper investment management, creating new jobs and strengthening competitiveness are considered. The article presents advanced foreign experiences and practical application of investment strategies that support economic growth.

This article critically evaluates the organizational and legal architecture underpinning transparency and openness in parliamentary oversight system in Uzbekistan. The article analyzes the practical implementation of existing relevant laws and regulations, identifies legal organizational limitations, and evaluates alignment with global standards. By applying a comparative legal analysis, it highlights potential deficiencies in public access, procedural ambiguities, and legal discretion surrounding closed sessions. The article concludes with evidence-based proposals for legal reform, emphasizing the need for institutional accountability, regulatory clarity, and the formalized inclusion of civil society actors.

 This article examines the legal status of religious marriages, particularly Islamic (shar‘iy) unions, through the lens of both international and national legal frameworks. It highlights the legal vulnerability of women and children in unregistered marriages and proposes ways to harmonize domestic legislation with international human rights standards. A comparative analysis of legal approaches from various countries, including Uzbekistan, offers insights for legislative improvement.

This article analyzes the role of influencer marketing in enhancing the effectiveness of digital advertising and explores the opportunities for reaching new consumer segments in the global market. For this purpose, recent studies, statistical data from 2020–2025, and examples of influencer marketing strategies employed by major global brands (such as Nike and Coca-Cola) have been examined.

The relationship between the condition of the oral cavity and general somatic diseases is constantly emphasized by dentists. This arouses the constant interest of researchers in studying the features of the course of dental pathology against the background of some forms of somatic diseases. In the literature, there is information about the state of the hard tissues of the teeth, periodontal tissues and the mucous membrane of the oral cavity in children with chronic pyelonephritis. Morphological association of pathological processes in children with chronic pyelonephritis is manifested by kidney and periodontal tissues, lymphocytic infiltration, fibrosis, damage to microvascular vessels. With the development of chronic pyelonephritis, structural and functional changes in periodontal tissues are dystrophic, accompanied by vasoconstriction of microvessels and tissue sclerosis.

This article analyzes the essence of innovative activity in the economy, its stages of development and specific features. It considers the role of innovative activity in modern economic development, its importance in the development and introduction of new technologies, as well as its role in increasing competitiveness. The article also analyzes the factors affecting the state support of innovative processes, the active participation of business entities and the formation of an innovative environment. Proposals and recommendations are presented to accelerate innovative activity in the economy of Uzbekistan.

The article analyzes the role of green technologies in the modern economy, their impact on economic efficiency and the results of their application in various industries. Through the introduction of green technologies in energy, transport, construction and agriculture, the possibilities of reducing costs, efficient use of resources and achieving economic growth are outlined. The prospects and measures for the development of green technologies in the conditions of Uzbekistan are also substantiated.

 This article examines the adaptation of single-component terms within the terminological systems of "Marketing," "Commodity Exchange," and "Foreign Economic Activity" in the Russian and Uzbek languages. The study focuses on the structural, semantic, and functional aspects of term adaptation, highlighting similarities and differences between the two languages. It analyzes the processes of borrowing, assimilation, and transformation of specialized vocabulary in the context of globalization and growing economic cooperation. Particular attention is given to the mechanisms of integration of international terms and their adaptation in professional communication. The findings reveal trends in the evolution of economic terminologies and provide insights into the strategies for effective term adaptation in bilingual terminological spaces.

The article extensively covers the integration of digital technologies into the green economy at the global and national levels, their impact on the environmental environment, and their contribution to sustainable development. Through IoT, artificial intelligence, big data analysis, digitization, and other advanced technologies, the prospects for reducing emissions, efficient resource utilization, and energy conservation are scientifically analyzed. At the same time, proposals have been made for the existing problems in the field, measures against them and the successful implementation of digital-green transformation in the conditions of Uzbekistan.

The article analyzes the "shadow economy and corruption", its dependence, formation and influence on state development, the role of information technology in the effective fight against the "shadow economy and corruption" is described, and the research conducted in this direction is analyzed, and the experience of foreign countries is a systematic analysis done Empirical-analytical, statistical, national legislative analysis and other research methods were also used in the research.

 This article examines the modern directions of structural transformations in the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It highlights recent reforms, structural shifts in the industrial, agricultural, and service sectors, as well as key trends in economic diversification, digitalization, and innovation implementation. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of structural changes on macroeconomic stability, employment levels, and economic growth. It also offers prospective directions and practical recommendations for further development of Uzbekistan’s economy, based on comparative analysis with the experiences of other developing countries.

This article primarily focuses on the impact of corruption on legal education, as well as on the legal upbringing that is formed on its foundation. Additionally, the article presents information on scientific analyses regarding the decline of legal culture as a result of corruption.

This article discusses the regulatory and legal foundations of the Republic of Uzbekistan's transition strategy to a "green" economy, existing problems and their tasks, and modern solutions.

Uzbekistan is the country, where agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy, contributing significantly to GDP and providing employment, especially in rural areas. This research paper investigates the impact of resource-saving technologies on operational costs and financial solvency within Uzbekistan's agro-industrial sector. However, the several issues need to be studies and addressed in the sector, as it faces challenges such as water scarcity, rising input costs, and global market volatility. Findings indicate that these technologies can yield substantial savings in water, labor, fertilizers, and energy, thus it can improve profitability and solvency for agricultural enterprises. Additionally, the need for government support and infrastructure development to overcome barriers to technology adoption and achieve sustainable agricultural practices are also discussed within the article.

Helminthiasis remains a significant public health concern, particularly in children living in regions with poor sanitation and hygiene. This article explores the epidemiology, impact, and prevention of helminthic infections in children. It reviews current literature, analyzes the effects on child health and development, and provides practical conclusions to reduce the burden of these parasitic diseases.

This article analyzes the issues of harmonizing military patriotism with our national moral values. Patriot's place in youth education will cover effective methods of formation and strengthening of its formation and strengthening. National viirs, Traditions and traditions the role of the military patriotism is also given the importance of increasing the military. The article provides proposals to the formation of a positive attitude to military service on the basis of historical experience, the role of education, and modern approaches.

This in the article artificial​​ of intellect study​​ process for applicable​​ useful study​​ programs and personal study​​ plans in creation of the students customized​​ winter​​ directions , character , goals​​ and own​​ abilities into account taken again to study​ methods about​​​​ readings​​ The article​ artificial of intellect personal study​​ programs and plans in creation the students​ try see need and their reading , writing , attention​​​​ to give , to follow to go such as general creative abilities , assistance​​ and cooperation abilities to study​ and application​​ methods are also presented . Article society in the area the students​ supportive​​ useful and comfortable study​​ programs and plans create for artificial of intellect from the possibilities use recommendation will reach .

In the age of Technology, a person must always be ready for changes. It is necessary to have self-awareness, to be able to correctly analyze the activities of minorities.In order to further progress the educational process, advanced pedagogical and psychological teachings and experiences are widely spread. We all equally witness that the use of unconventional methods of teaching in educational institutions existing in our republic shows its effectiveness.

this article covers the study of the thinking process in modern psychology, its main theoretical approaches and research methods. The psychological content of the concept of thinking analyzes its place in cognitive processes and stages of development. Also, the scientific opinions of psychologists on thinking have been studied in detail.

This article explores India’s evolving diplomatic engagement with the Taliban, highlighting a shift from passive strategies to pragmatic policy execution. It examines India’s balancing act among security concerns, humanitarian aid, and regional diplomacy in response to the Taliban’s resurgence. The study contextualizes India’s soft power initiatives, trade discussions, and developmental projects within the broader geopolitical framework. These findings underscore India’s nuanced strategy to safeguard its presence in Afghanistan while navigating regional stability and security challenges.

 This article analyzes the views of Musakhan Dahbidi, a major theorist of the Naqshbandi-Mujaddidiya order, on the issues of tawhid, wahdat al-wujud, and wahdat ash-shuhud. It also discusses Musakhan Dahbidi's comparative analysis of Ibn Arabi's views on wahdat al-wujud and Ahmad Sirhindi's views on wahdat ash-shuhud.

This article discusses the processes of national and spiritual upliftment in Uzbekistan after independence, the measures taken in this area, as well as large-scale reforms.

William Faulkner's novels are renowned for their intricate narrative structures, often creating a sense of confusion and disorientation among readers. This paper aims to explore the most confusing sentences in Faulkner’s novels, analyzing how his use of syntax, stream of consciousness, and fragmented narrative techniques contribute to the complexity of his writing. By focusing on key examples from novels such as The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, and Absalom, Absalom!, this study examines how Faulkner's stylistic choices challenge conventional reading strategies and reflect the themes of psychological fragmentation and Southern identity.

We all know that a number of reforms are being implemented to effectively use local budget funds, spend them on necessary activities, and direct them. Even draft laws have been developed in this regard. This article provides information and advice on the effective and efficient use of local budget funds.

This article discusses the methods of learning national traditions, values and ceremonies in educational lessons and their role in personal development.

Teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) plays a vital role in facilitating global communication in today’s interconnected world. This article examines the varied experiences of ESL teachers in different countries, focusing on the challenges and benefits of teaching within diverse cultural settings. It explores teaching methods, cultural adjustments, and the influence of globalization on English language instruction. By incorporating personal stories and research findings, the paper offers insights into how teachers balance language acquisition with cultural sensitivity. The results highlight the significance of cultural awareness and flexibility in improving both teaching and learning outcomes.

The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis through various physiological mechanisms. This article explores the intricate relationship between renal function and blood pressure regulation, highlighting the roles of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), sodium balance, and fluid volume regulation. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for comprehending hypertension and developing effective therapeutic strategies.

This article examines the effectiveness of using interactive methods in teaching the embroidery art, one of the types of Uzbek national handicrafts. The obtained results show that students’ comprehension improved by 20-30% when interactive methods were applied. The STEAM method was used to enhance this effectiveness.

 In the world economy, the digital economic system is regularly supported by the country as an integral part of the economy. In Uzbekistan, the digital economy is an essential factor for increasing the share of innovation in the gross domestic product, producing competitively differentiated quality products and improving the quality of public services. It is given the trends in the digital economy of countries such as France, South Korea, and Japan, where digitalization is high in the world economy in this article. In the economy of Uzbekistan, the study of the implementation of digital systems of foreign countries, such as South Korea, Japan, and Russia is relevant in the branches and sectors of the economy.

 The article analyzes the use of deepfake technologies for political purposes, provides specific cases, examines the responses of state institutions, and explores existing and prospective technologies for detecting manipulated content.

Antibiotics have been a cornerstone of modern medicine, saving countless lives by effectively treating bacterial infections. However, their widespread and sometimes inappropriate use has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, one of the most critical global health threats today. This article explores the clinical uses of antibiotics, the mechanisms and drivers of resistance, and the growing problems associated with misuse. It also examines global strategies to address antibiotic resistance and highlights the role of healthcare professionals in promoting rational antibiotic use.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are two essential branches of pharmacology that describe the journey of a drug through the body and its biological effects. Pharmacokinetics is concerned with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs, while pharmacodynamics focuses on the physiological effects of the drug and its mechanism of action. Understanding these principles is critical for drug development, optimizing therapeutic regimens, and improving patient outcomes. This article reviews the key concepts of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, their interrelationship, and their importance in clinical practice.

Today, people use a large number of gadgets, each of which provides interaction with its owner using an Internet connection. Of course, these are primarily smartphones, but also other wearable and not so wearable devices. In any user's smartphone, you can find many useful applications that help you move around the city, country and world, make financial transactions, place orders in cafes and restaurants and pay for them without waiting for the bill from the waiters. The article outlines the role and necessity of using digital marketing tools in brand management and promotion.

 The problem of development of dental diseases in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been poorly studied. Apparently, this is due to the lack of a clear understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of IBD. Analysis of foreign and domestic publications shows that oral lesions are considered in more detail in CD than in UC. Severe recurrent course of IBD and close relationship of different levels of the digestive system create prerequisites for development of oral lesions. It should be taken into account that data on the frequency of dental diseases presented by ECCO are limited to aphthous stomatitis, considered as an extraintestinal manifestation of IBD.