The article discusses the prospects for the development of the heat and power industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It was noted that according to the development concept of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2035, the expected growth in electricity consumption in the Republic will be approximately from 2000 to 3156 kWh/person. This growth in electricity production is planned to be achieved by increasing the production of renewable energy sources (RES) in the structure of generating capacities from 12.7% to 19.7% by 2025, upgrading existing plants, building new combined-cycle gas plants (CCGPs) and further construction of a nuclear power plant (NPP).
Given that in the coming years to 85% of the thermal and electric energy in the Republic is generated in thermal power stations that use natural energy resources such natural gas, coal and fuel oil, and also given the greater depreciation of equipment stations and as a consequence their low efficiency, the authors emphasize the importance of using to generate these types of energy modern combined cycle technology.
It is indicated that currently there is a wide technical and industrial cooperation of the main foreign gas turbine manufacturers in the world. In the world, the main manufacturers of such equipment are three companies - General Electric (USA), Siemens - Westinghouse (Germany - USA) and Alstom (France, Switzerland, Sweden).
Variants of combined steam and gas turbine units (GTU) have been developed. As a result of the GTU operation, the gases used in the installation were proposed to be used in the steam power cycle.
Advantages of CCGP: combined-cycle plants can achieve an electric efficiency of more than 60 %. For comparison, the efficiency of steam power plants operating separately is usually in the range of 33-4 %, for gas turbine plants - in the range of 28-42 %; low cost per unit of installed capacity; combined-cycle plants consume significantly less water per unit of electricity generated compared to steam power plants; short construction time (9-12 months); there is no need for constant fuel supply by railway or sea transport; compact dimensions allow you to build directly at the consumer (factory or inside the city), which reduces the cost of power lines and transportation of electric energy; more environmentally friendly compared to steam power plants.
The disadvantages of CCGP include: the need to filter the air used for fuel combustion; restrictions on the types of fuel used. As a rule, natural gas is used as the main fuel, and diesel fuel is used as a backup fuel. The use of coal as fuel is only possible in installations with in-cycle coal gasification, which greatly increases the cost of building such power plants. This implies the need to build expensive fuel transportation communications - pipelines; seasonal capacity restrictions. maximum performance in winter.
However, despite the listed disadvantages of CCGP, at this stage of development of the Republic, combined-cycle plants can produce electricity with a high efficiency, thereby significantly saving natural gas. Approximate calculations show that the technical re-equipment of the domestic heat power industry using gas-turbine and combined-cycle technologies and environmental protection equipment developed in the world will allow saving natural gas annually in the amount of approximately 1010 m3, which in monetary terms will amount to 3 trillion soums. In General, it is concluded that
1.to solve the country's energy problems, it is necessary to accelerate the introduction of REI, technically re-equip the domestic heat and power industry using gas turbine and combined-cycle technologies developed in the world.
2.in power plants where the fuel balance contains a large proportion of fuel oil or coal, but there is also natural gas, in an amount sufficient to power the gas turbine, it may be advisable to thermodynamically more efficient gas turbine superstructures.
3.to implement the tasks of modernization and reconstruction, involve the private sector in the energy sector on the basis of public-private partnership. Create the necessary regulatory framework and technical infrastructure.
This article soft gas detection on the Arduino platform is an affordable and accessible approach to monitoring the presence of specific gases in the environment. This article provides a comprehensive guide on implementing soft gas detection using Arduino, covering key aspects such as gas sensor selection, wiring, calibration, data interpretation, and control logic implementation. By leveraging the capabilities of Arduino boards and compatible gas sensors, users can create reliable gas detection systems for various applications. The article highlights the importance of proper sensor calibration, data interpretation, and safety precautions when working with potentially hazardous gases. Soft gas detection on the Arduino platform offers a cost-effective solution for gas monitoring, making it suitable for hobbyists, students, and professionals alike.
Despite predictions that the fuel industry will supposedly be out of business in the near future, experts predict that minerals such as oil and gas will be around for a long time and will not go down fast yet. However, a paradigm shift in the energy complex is bound to happen - for example, blue fuel (aka natural gas) is expected to become several times more popular with the public than black gold (oil), which currently has a significant influence on the global economy. Many enhanced oil recovery methods include the use of microbial surfactants and biopolymers. These compounds can be obtained by exploiting the potential properties of microorganisms to produce them. The following article focuses on effective oil recovery methods using bio products.
In the article questions of legal regulation of the external economic and also corporate relations in oil and gas branch are considered. The comparative and critical analysis of the corporate relations in the oil and gas companies which are carrying out the activity at the international level is carried out. In the conclusion conclusions
and suggestions for improvement of system of foreign economic activity and corporate management in the oil and gas companies are drawn.
The article is devoted to the development of an imitation fuzzy model of the natural gas drying process during its preparation for transportation. To solve the problem, adaptive means of automatic control have been proposed, which will almost completely compensate for the change in the parameters of the gas drying process. The paper proposes methods and models of optimal adaptive control aimed at increasing the efficiency of gas drying. The use of the proposed model allows parametric and structural optimization of production in order to improve the quality of gas drying.
Maxillo-facial area phlegmon is a common, serious, costly and deadly disease. Over the last decade, the attention of researches and clinical was focused on the search the optimal methods of diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. It is necessary for timely initiation of adequate causal antibiotic therapy and prevention of complications. Gas chro- matography – mass-spectrometry is one of the most powerful analytical methods to obtain data on the exciter. The review highlights the current understanding of the role and potential of the method in the improvement of measures aimed at prevention and treatment of phlegmons and their complications.
In the article the author analyzes legislative and contractual bases of activity of the oil and gas companies in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In particular, the analysis of operational aspects of activity of the oil and gas companies is carried out. The author considers the questions connected with production sharing agreements and also regulation of activity of joint ventures in oil and
gas branch Uzbekistan. Proceeding from the carried-out analysis the author comes to conclusions and develops offers
The introduction of the method of chemical trapping of nitrogen oxides in a complex with selective catalytic purification of tail gases from industrial production makes it possible to increase the service life of the catalyst regardless of the NOx concentration, create a cycle of low-waste technology and achieve significant savings in the consumption of the scarce AVK-10 catalyst ... Reuse of the spent catalyst AVK-10 in the process of cleaning tail gases of industrial production from NOx and absorption-catalytic cleaning of the latter with the use of solid waste products allows simultaneously solving environmental and economic problems in the production of weak nitric acid.
The prospect of using the waste of lead-concentrating factories as a natural sorbent-catalyst in gemological is substantiated. processes of purification of waste gases of sulfuric acid production.
The proposed chemisorption-catalytic method for purifying waste gas mixtures from sulfur dioxide does not require special preparation of a wet, high-temperature dusty gas. The use of natural materials within the framework of this method allows you to extract from them valuable raw materials - metal oxides.
Advanced foreign experience shows that the development of the oil and gas sector based on digital technologies is a prerequisite for ensuring its stable development.
The article substantiates the possibilities for the development of the oil and gas industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of digital technologies.
At the moment there is an increasing literary evidence for the design of feedback in higher education. The role of assessing the students’ knowledge is an essential part in teaching. Students are often dissatisfied with standard models of giving feedback and their perceptions often do not align with that of teachers who feel that students may undervalue the feedback. Standard feedback tends to give limited information that focuses on the assessment product and does not engage students in learning processes. This article gives a brief outline of using summative assessment in teaching the oil and gas profile students. Actually the research is based on the idea that modern pedagogical technologies implemented nowadays are more effective and motivational than the previous methods of teaching. This research investigated the validity of using the quizzes as a form of summative assessment, instead taking an exam or questionnaires. The participants’ level of knowledge of English, in which this research was conducted, was intermediate at the University specialized in oil and gas profile, where greater demands are imposed on developing vocabulary skills by the recommended curriculum. The results of this research revealed that the role of assessment is indispensable and it has an ability to motivate students to learn English. The results of this research will also be used as a basis upon which specific suggestions for the practical implementation of assessment in the everyday classroom can be made.
The article discusses the role and importance of investment activity in oil and gas
companies. Conditions and factors for improving investment activity in oil and gas
companies are studied. The article also provides scientifically based proposals and
practical recommendations for the formation of directions for the development of
investment activities of oil and gas companies.
This study investigates the heat transfer efficiency of spiral pipe and round pipe configurations within boiler gas turbine systems. Heat transfer efficiency is a critical factor in the performance and energy efficiency of industrial systems, particularly in power generation applications. Using computational modeling and simulation techniques, we assess the thermal performance of spiral pipe and round pipe designs under various operating conditions typical of boiler gas turbine systems. Our analysis focuses on heat transfer rates, pressure drops, and overall system efficiency. The findings provide insights into the comparative advantages and limitations of spiral pipe and round pipe configurations in enhancing heat transfer efficiency within boiler gas turbine systems.
Alkaloids differ in their physiological effects: some of them weaken or stimulate the nervous system, others paralyze nerve endings, dilate or narrow blood vessels, and others are considered to have an analgesic effect. It is studied using methods such as chromatography, spectroscopy, and continues to get high results in these methods. The advantage of this method is that in the study of alkaloids, the additives contained in alkaloids are considered extremely necessary for the study of organic and meningeal substances, as well as for the analysis of biological objects. The chromatography method is widely used in the study of detection, isolation of compounds contained in alkaloids. On the other hand, the spectroscopy method is studied by exposing light to alkaloids. The chemical composition of alkaloids is studied by ultraviolet light and some reagents.
Joint endeavor arrangements have turned into a famous way for organizations to share the expenses and dangers related with investigation and creation in the oil and gas industry. However, there are limitations to these partnerships that could prevent them from succeeding, such as disagreements regarding project management, differences in risk tolerance, cultural differences, and restrictions imposed by laws and regulations. Companies should take steps like establishing a governance structure, defining clear goals and objectives, conducting due diligence, creating a risk management plan, investing in relationship building, and seeking legal and regulatory advice to overcome these limitations.
Based on the generalization of the experience in the development of multilayer fields in the Fergana oil and gas region, the influence of the use of water flooding at a late stage on the coefficients of washing and oil recovery from productive formations was studied. By using statistical methods of data processing, the dependences of the oil recovery factor on the reservoir flushing coefficient and the reservoir flushing coefficient on the compensation of fluid withdrawal by water injection were obtained, with sufficiently high correlation coefficients. The obtained dependencies confirm the theoretical foundations of oil recovery from productive formations developed with the use of water flooding and can be used in the design of the process at similar facilities.
As part of the study of the Bukhara-Khiva oil and gas region, a geologist performed a comprehensive analysis of geophysical information on wells - lithological description of the core, laboratory determinations of reservoir properties, log curves, test results. The article is presented. The most complete information on the structure of the surfaces of the suprasalt complexes was obtained from the top of the Bukhara layers of the Paleogene. The obtained data were incorporated into the logging interpretation algorithms, which made it possible to give a litho-petrophysical characteristic of each of the formations of the Jurassic Cretaceous oil and gas complexes within the Chardjoy stage of structural-facies zones.
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft that is remotely piloted or flown autonomously, without pilot assistance. Historically, UAVs were originally used as military devices: weapons and reconnaissance tools. However, since the early 2000s, UAVs developed for purely civilian purposes rather than military ones have become increasingly important. The civilian application of UAVs is very broad: from the agricultural and entertainment sectors to the oil and gas and security sectors. "Civilian drones can be used by emergency services (fire safety control); law enforcement (patrolling areas, detecting violations); agriculture (crop surveillance), forestry and fishing (forest protection and fishery control); geodesy companies (mapping); geography and geology institutes; oil and gas companies (monitoring of oil and gas facilities); construction companies (inspecting construction.
In this study, the possibility of the formation of lower olefins from dimethyl ether and methanol on catalysts containing Mg-Zn-Zr-B-HSZ and Mg-Zn-Zr-P-HSZ was studied, and the process was evaluated quantum chemically. According to the results obtained by IR-Fur spectroscopy, during the catalytic conversion of DME (dimethyl ether) on the surface of catalysts containing Mg-Zn-Zr-B-HSZ and Mg-Zn-Zr-P-HSZ ketenes at temperatures below 180 °C and oxonium intermediates at 320 °C (intermediate). compounds) are confirmed by experimental spectra and theoretical quantum-chemical calculations. It was shown that the formation of olefins below DME occurs by the carbene mechanism at low temperatures and by the oxonylide mechanism at high temperatures.