More than 10 kinds of the basic pests have been revealed in the territory of various soil-climatic zones of the Republic. Among them are adventive kinds –the Colorado potato beetle, the whitefly and the potato moth. Biological features of kinds and seasonal dynamics of their development are established; the general tactic of protective methods with application of progressive means and receptions is developed. Precautionary receptions of potato tubers’ protection against potato moth are established and recommended.
Based on the climatic conditions of our region, harvesting the potato before the development of the potato layer stops (before the layer dries up), removing the potato layer and infected tubers from the field without leaving a place for the pest to overwinter in the field . In the system of combating this insect, it is necessary to pay great attention to the storage of potatoes in conditions of low temperature (3-5°), under such conditions, the potato moth stops developing and dies.For pest destruction on vegetable tops are recommended insecticides with active substances: cypermethrin+chlorpyrifos, Lyambdatsigalotrin+thiamet-hoxam, and Deltamethrin.
More than 10 types of the basic pests have been revealed in the territory of various soil-climatic zones of the Republic. Among them are adventive kinds –the Colorado potato beetle, the whitefly and the potato moth. Biological features of those types and seasonal dynamics of their development are established; the general tactic of protective methods are developed with application of progressive means and receptions. Precautionary receptions of potato tubers’ protection against potato moth are established and recommended.
The paper theoretically explores the work of a fluctuating potato harvester grate to separate the soil
from the potato tubers using vertical oscillations in the separation of potato tubers. A link has been
established between the flying phase and the tuber rip phase of the potatoes for the planes, which
are horizontal with vertical oscillations and inclined with fluctuations at a certain angle. The altitude
of the particles and the rate of the impact thereof with the oscillating plane are considered, which
made it possible to determine the optimal parameters and kinematic modes of the separating
working organs of the potato combine combine.
In this research work, an economic assessment of the state of potato cultivation by farms and the factors affecting it was given in order to ensure food security of the population. The analysis was based on the results of a social survey conducted in the farms of districts where potatoes are grown a lot in Samarkand region, using the OLS (Method of Least Squares) model. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the age of the farm manager (*** p<.01) and cluster membership (** p<.05) have a negative effect on potato production in farms. However, the statistical significance of the work experience of the head of the farm (*** p<.01) and the presence of potato storage in the farm (* p<.1) is scientifically based. Based on the results of the analysis, scientifically based proposals and recommendations were developed.
In the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, the lack of agro-technical and chemical measures against the Colorado potato beetle will cause significant damage to potato yields. If Colorado potato beetle larvae and beetles appear in the potato field, one of the following insecticides can be used successfully, considering other pests at once: Dalate-Plus, 10% e.k. – 0,05 l/ha, Deluxe Ultra, 10% e.k. – 0,035 l/ha.
This study explores the cultivation strategies aimed at maximizing the growth and yield of 'Atlantic' potatoes through the optimization of shading net usage and watering intervals. Through controlled experiments, the research unravels the intricate benefits of these interventions on plant development and tuber production. The findings showcase a significant enhancement in both plant growth and overall yield, providing valuable insights for potato cultivation practices. This research contributes to the sustainable advancement of potato farming, offering practical approaches for optimizing 'Atlantic' potato yields.
The article presents data on the study of the influence of varietal characteristics, timing of growing potatoes and plant placement patterns on the yield and quality of potato chips. It was established that tubers of the Ramona variety are more suitable than Surkhan-1 because of the content of more dry matter and starch. It is noted that during spring planting and with a sparse planting pattern of seed tubers, the tubers contain more dry matter and starch. This contributes to a higher yield and quality of the prepared chip.
Vegetable soybeans are non-traditional crop in the Uzbekistan. The universality of the use of this crop testifies to its potential and value for agriculture, since cultivated soybeans are a food, technical, oilseed, fodder and siderate crop. The article describes the data for the production of high-quality seeds of vegetable soybeans in the conditions of Uzbekistan. It is necessary to comply with the rules of seed production, including individual and group selection in primary seed production and mass selection of elite seed production. It is necessary to select plants with a high yield of beans and well-ripened full-fledged seeds, the selection of beans with pronounced and corresponding to the variety morphological features.
This research investigates the impact of utilizing shading nets and optimizing watering intervals on the growth and yield of 'Atlantic' potatoes. The study focuses on enhancing tuberous development and overall crop productivity through controlled environmental conditions and water management. Results demonstrate the synergistic effects of shading net coverage and precise watering intervals in creating an optimal growth environment, resulting in increased potato yields. The findings contribute valuable insights to potato cultivation practices, emphasizing sustainable and efficient approaches for maximizing agricultural output.
The main and pre-planting types of soil for planting potatoes are focused on fertilizing potatoes. The main tillage in irrigated agriculture of Uzbekistan includes the following. Crops planted before the fields are used to collect plant residues as well as basic tillage and operational leveling of the fields.
In order to determine the effect of the phosphoric element on the growth and development of
potatoes, their productivity and efficiency, studies were conducted to determine the optimal
nutrient medium in laboratory and field conditions. In nutritional variants with a concentration of P
of 16 mg / l and 48 mg / l, the P content is higher than in leaves. In nutritional variants with a
concentration of 48 mg / l, there is a smaller number of leaves compared to the 16 mg/l
concentration variants and a delay in the flowering period. It was found that the nutrients contain
important vital microelements in plant tissue and the output composition in variants of the
concentration of P is 16 mg /l.
If possible, potato fields should be located at a distance from the plantings of the last year's crop, which are the reserve of the wintering pest. This is due to the fact that the overwintered beetles that emerged from the soil require a certain time to reach the host plant. So, in the conditions of the Tashkent region, the spatial isolation of new plantings from the wintering places of the pest made it possible to delay the settling of seedlings for 1-2 weeks and, in some cases, reduce the need for chemical treatments due to this. The positive effect of a four-field crop rotation on reducing the rate of seedling settlement by beetles, the number and harmfulness of larvae in comparison with the polyculture of potatoes was traced in a stationary experiment. The most effective was the alternation: wheat-potato.
The research article discusses the identification of a new local entomopathogenic nematode, "Heterorhabditis bacteriophora," in Uzbekistan. The article includes an analysis of its morphological and molecular characteristics. Additionally, the reproductive and developmental traits of this species, recognized globally as a prolific biocontrol agent, are elaborately presented, along with methods for its extraction from the soil. The future prospects of this entomopathogenic nematode's biocontrol potential and areas for further study are highlighted, making this research a valuable resource for scientists and biolaboratory specialists.
Мақолада озиқ-овқат хавфсизлигини таъминлаш шароитида картошкачиликни ривожлантиришнинг аҳамияти, мамлакатимизда картошка етиштиришдаги асосий тенденциялар ва мавжуд муаммолар ҳамда таркибий ислоҳотлар баён этилган.