№ 5 (2025) Journal of Applied Science and Social Science

 This article presents a scientific analysis of the influence of the physical and chemical properties of rice husk, derived from locally cultivated rice varieties, on the separation process. During the research, the density, size, moisture content, and silica composition of the husk from several rice varieties were determined, and their impact on separation technology was assessed. The results show that husks with higher density and greater silica content require high-velocity airflow or vibration-based separation methods. The article provides formulas, physical models, and technological parameters aimed at increasing separation efficiency based on the morphological characteristics of the husk. It is also substantiated that universal machines are not suitable for all varieties, and the development of combined and automated separation systems is essential. The research findings offer practical recommendations for optimizing rice cleaning technologies and improving the design of relevant equipment.

This article analyzes the formation, development, and current stage of historical, diplomatic, economic, and cultural relations between the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Official mutual visits, trade and economic relations, technological cooperation, and exchanges in healthcare, education, and culture play an important role in strengthening bilateral cooperation. The article also examines Uzbekistan’s foreign policy directions within the framework of strategic partnership with Korea, joint projects, and the role of the Korean diaspora in the socio-political life of the country. This paper highlights the prospects of Uzbekistan–Korea relations and their importance for regional stability.

This article analyzes the role of action games with a plot in the development of

physical abilities of primary school students and their pedagogical potential. The author justifies

the need to integrate scenario games as an innovative approach to physical education classes and

reveals their role in the formation of physical qualities such as dexterity, agility, speed, balance

in children. The article presents methodological recommendations on the content, structure,

methods of organization and assessment criteria of games. It also covers the practical and

theoretical foundations of improving the physical education system based on plot games. The

results of the study show that this approach significantly increases the level of physical

development of primary school students.

Controversy is one of the oldest genres in our history. The genre of discussion will play the role of a leading tool in the preservation of stories, proverbs and wisdom, and the manifestation of national identity, which will continue to be anarchic to the next generation. It can be viewed through the discussion of “Winter and Summer” in “Divanu lugati-t-turk”.

This thesis analyzes in detail one of the important syntactic units in Arabic linguistics – mafʼul lahu (i.e. mafʼul li-ajlihi). First, it is compared with mafʼul bihi in terms of its similarity – being presented in the accusative case (possessive case). However, the author deeply analyzes the fundamental differences between mafʼul lahu and mafʼul bihi and reveals the criteria for distinguishing them.

This in the article future​ elementary class teachers technological competence in development innovative approaches analysis will be done. Start drinking in the classrooms technology science teaching in the process teachers modern pedagogical method and tools use, students practical skills in formation technological competence importance illuminating given. Innovative approaches as project based on teaching, problematic​ teaching, interactive methods and multimedia tools education in the process application seeing is released. In the article of educators qualification improvement, innovation methods to practice current to grow roads​ and their education quality and students technological thinking development impact discussion Research​​ results start​ class teachers technological competence in increasing innovative approaches efficiency and education process improvement for recommendations given.

This article explains that the gap between the cylinder and piston plays a crucial role in the functioning of the ring. It allows lubricating fluid to pass through, which aids in cooling the ring's contact surfaces and lowering the applied force. If this clearance is not properly sized, it can lead to increased ring temperature and faster wear. As a result, the article concludes that maintaining an optimal clearance is essential for the ring's durability and the overall performance of the machine.

 This study analyzes the formation, administrative, and structural features of settlements within the Guzor district in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The focus is placed on the network of amlaks, villages, and towns that existed during this period, as well as on the settlement patterns and administrative systems. Drawing on historical sources and archival documents, the research highlights the role of settlements in the district's socio-economic life and their strategic and administrative importance. This analysis contributes to a better understanding of local governance, the function of amindars (amlak governors), and the historical development of population centers.

 This article explores the role of social pedagogy in the processes of social adaptation and integration. It highlights the importance of pedagogical support for individuals facing social, emotional, and cultural challenges. The article also discusses the methods used by social pedagogues to help vulnerable groups, with a particular focus on the experience of Uzbekistan. The significance of teamwork, preventive approaches, and holistic support in social pedagogy is emphasized.

This article explores the concept of smart classrooms and the transformative role of digital technology in modern education. It discusses the key features of smart classrooms, such as interactive whiteboards, cloud-based learning platforms, and student response systems, and explains how these tools enhance student engagement, personalize learning, and improve accessibility. The article also examines the benefits and challenges of integrating digital technology in education, including issues of equity, teacher training, and data privacy. Finally, it offers insights into the future of smart classrooms, highlighting emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and virtual reality. The piece is aimed at educators, policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of education.

The role of patriotism in shaping national identity and ensuring sustainable development has been emphasized by scholars and policymakers for decades. This article explores the significance of educating the young generation in the spirit of patriotism as a critical component of national development. It highlights how patriotic education fosters social cohesion, civic responsibility, and a sense of belonging, which in turn contribute to economic growth, political stability, and cultural preservation. The paper examines theoretical foundations, practical strategies, and international experiences, emphasizing that patriotic education is not merely an ideological tool but an essential factor in building progressive and resilient societies.

This article covers effective methods, advanced technologies, and environmental management strategies for reducing toxic waste. To reduce the amount of waste harmful to the environment, such ways as waste recycling, hazardous substance replacement, the introduction of waste-free technologies, and the strengthening of monitoring systems are of great importance. Sustainable development can also be achieved by increasing the environmental responsibility of manufacturers, improving legislation, and involving the public. These activities contribute to ensuring human health and environmental safety.

 This article investigates effective pedagogical strategies for developing literary analysis competence among secondary and tertiary level students. Literary analysis competence refers to the ability to interpret, evaluate, and critically respond to literary texts through understanding their structure, themes, stylistic devices, and cultural context. The study emphasizes student-centered approaches, such as dialogic reading, guided interpretation, comparative analysis, and interactive group work, which engage learners actively in meaning-making. It also explores the role of formative assessment and reflective thinking in deepening analytical skills. The findings highlight the importance of integrating literary theory, textual evidence, and personal response in teaching practices that aim to cultivate critical and culturally aware readers.

This scientific article explores the development of critical thinking in primary school

students. It provides an overview of key concepts, emphasizes the importance of integrating

critical thinking into educational programs, and investigates how teachers perceive and

implement critical thinking practices. The paper highlights the significance of non-standard tasks

in fostering creativity and logical reasoning among young learners.

This article explores modern methodological approaches to teaching English in

technical higher education institutions. With the rapid advancement of science and technology,

the integration of English language instruction into engineering and technological curricula has

become crucial. The study analyzes effective strategies for enhancing students' professional

communication skills in English, focusing on subject-specific vocabulary acquisition, technical

reading, writing, and speaking competence. Emphasis is placed on the use of task-based learning,

content and language integrated learning (CLIL), and project-based activities to foster

motivation and contextual learning. Moreover, the paper highlights the significance of digital

tools and platforms, including simulations, mobile applications, and virtual labs, which play a

transformative role in improving language proficiency among future engineers and technologists.

The results demonstrate that adapting teaching methods to the needs of technical students leads

to better engagement, practical knowledge application, and improved language outcomes.

Recommendations are offered for curriculum designers and language instructors aiming to align

English teaching with the professional goals of technical students

This article investigates the intricate relationship between tax revenues and economic efficiency, using Uzbekistan as a case study within a broader global context. It highlights that while taxation is a fundamental tool for public finance, the structure, transparency, and administrative quality of a tax system significantly influence its economic outcomes. Drawing on classical and modern public finance theories, as well as recent OECD and World Bank data, the study explores how broadening the tax base, minimizing distortions, and improving voluntary compliance can enhance both revenue generation and allocative efficiency. Uzbekistan’s recent fiscal reforms—such as the digitalization of tax services, simplification of tax codes, and introduction of online systems—have led to notable improvements in tax collection, with an 18.4% increase between 2021 and 2023. However, challenges remain, including a large informal sector, sectoral imbalance in tax contributions, and regional disparities in compliance behavior. The discussion reveals that expanding the reach of taxation to underrepresented sectors like agriculture and informal services, while strengthening the link between tax revenues and public services, is essential for long-term fiscal sustainability. By analyzing both theoretical foundations and empirical evidence, the article concludes that efficient tax systems must focus not only on revenue maximization but also on simplicity, equity, and public trust to ensure inclusive and sustainable economic development.

 This article discusses the verbs used in the poem "Samandar" by poet Shams and the types used according to their structure. The article describes the functions of lexemes related to the verb word class in the poem and how they acquired meaning.

 This article analyzes the theoretical perspectives on the Ahkam verses in the Qur’an. Ahkam verses include commandments, prohibitions, and instructions related to various aspects of life. The study explores the differences among the Companions and Islamic jurists, the classification of legal verses in different fields, and the styles used in the Qur’an to present legal rulings. The number of legal verses and their social, political, legal, and moral aspects are examined. The article is a valuable resource for those interested in the development of Islamic jurisprudence based on the Qur’an and Sunnah.

This article explores the critical role of lexical elements and linguistic features of the Arabic language in extracting legal rulings from the Ahkam verses of the Qur’an. It examines how the polysemy of words, shared meanings, and grammatical constructions influence diverse jurisprudential interpretations. The study underlines the importance of deep lexical and grammatical knowledge for accurate and scholarly Islamic legal deductions. The article uses Quranic examples and classical juristic opinions to demonstrate how linguistic subtleties and variations in Quranic recitations can lead to different legal conclusions.

 This article explores the role of lexical factors in deriving rulings from the Ahkam verses in the Quran, combining both linguistic and jurisprudential analyses. It investigates how the choice of words and their semantic nuances influence the interpretation and legal conclusions in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). By examining key lexical elements within the context of Arabic grammar and Islamic legal theory, the study highlights the importance of precise language understanding for accurate judicial derivation. The article provides a multidisciplinary approach, bridging linguistics and fiqh to enhance the methodology of extracting rulings from sacred texts.

 This scholarly study examines 420 paralinguistic units extracted from the Büyük Türkçe Sözlük (Comprehensive Turkish Dictionary), analyzing their semantic and structural features in depth. The primary focus is on how these paralinguistic expressions convey human emotions, attitudes, and psychological states through nonverbal means, outside of spoken language. Particular attention is given to units such as gülmek (to laugh), gülümsemek (to smile), omuz vermek (to support), dudak bükmek (to pout), morarmak (to bruise or turn blue), baş sallamak (to nod), göz kırpmak (to blink), el sallamak (to wave), kekelemek (to stutter), and dikleşmek (to straighten up or resist), which are thoroughly analyzed within their contextual usage. Each paralinguistic unit is evaluated based on how it expresses internal feelings, emotional responses, and interpersonal attitudes, with a focus on their semantic range and communicative function. The relevance of this research lies in the fact that paralinguistics has not yet been fully established as an independent field within Turkish linguistics. Therefore, this study represents one of the first systematic attempts to classify and analyze paralinguistic elements found in the Turkish explanatory dictionary. In conclusion, the study offers a classification of Turkish paralinguistic units according to their emotional coloring, phonational and kinetic properties, semantic scope, and structural characteristics. The findings aim to highlight the linguistic and communicative significance of paralinguistic tools and serve as both a theoretical and practical resource for linguists, translators, literary scholars, and cultural researchers.

This article substantiates the need to develop creative thinking skills in primary school students, based on an analysis of the findings from the diagnostic stage of the study. Every subject taught in general secondary education plays a crucial role in nurturing a well-rounded, knowledgeable, and socially responsible younger generation. In particular, primary education serves as a foundational stage for children's future development. The study highlights the significant impact of non-standard lessons and interactive teaching methods on the effectiveness of native language and literacy instruction, as well as the development of creative thinking skills in young learners.

This paper explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-generated

personalized content on student motivation in English language education. Motivation is a

crucial factor in second language acquisition, yet many traditional learning environments

struggle to maintain student interest over time. With the development of advanced AI systems,

educators can now design customized materials that align with learners' interests, language levels,

and learning goals. This study investigates the pedagogical potential of AI-generated content,

drawing on classroom case studies, teacher observations, and learner feedback. Findings indicate

that customized learning experiences enhance engagement, foster autonomy, and improve

language acquisition outcomes. However, limitations such as ethical considerations, content

accuracy, and over-reliance on AI tools are also discussed.

This article explores how a nurturing environment influences the personal

development of children. It examines the role of family, educational settings, and social

interactions in shaping emotional, cognitive, and social growth. The study reviews theoretical

frameworks and empirical findings to highlight key factors that contribute to a supportive

developmental milieu for children.

Urbanization in Uzbekistan has gained significant momentum in recent decades,

driven by economic reforms, migration, and regional development strategies. This paper

provides a territorial and socio-demographic analysis of urbanization trends across the country,

focusing on spatial disparities, population redistribution, and the challenges of sustainable urban

planning. The study highlights the role of regional centers, rural-to-urban migration, and

government policy in shaping urban growth patterns and demographic transformations in major

cities such as Tashkent, Samarkand, and Fergana.