No. 6 (2025) Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Innovations

Articles

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  THE REFLECTION OF NUMBERS IN PAREMIOLOGY This article examines the semantic, cognitive, and cultural dimensions of numbers in Uzbek proverbs from a paremiological perspective. It highlights how numerical components in proverbs serve not only as quantitative indicators but also as symbolic, axiological, and cognitive-cultural markers that reflect the worldview, social experience, and linguistic traditions of the Uzbek people. Drawing upon the works of key Uzbek linguists, as well as modern cognitive theories such as conceptual metaphor theory, the study advocates for a deeper, interdisciplinary analysis of numerical proverbs. The research underscores the significance of numbers as structurally conservative yet semantically dynamic units within the Uzbek paremiological system.

  Gulnoz Samandarova

  3-6

    

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  PRINCIPLES OF MANAGING THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION This article discusses the principles of organizing education quality management correctly, providing insights and considerations regarding the proper structuring of the education system. It highlights scholarly opinions and describes the application procedures for ensuring a quality-focused education system.

  Nazokat Abduqunduzova

  7-9

    

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  THE ROLE OF SPIRITUAL VALUES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPIRITUAL FOUNDATION FOR MATERIAL PROGRESS In this article, the nation's spirituality is a historical category. It was also noted that national spirituality is formed, developed and becomes a national value in society over a long historical development. At the same time, it is noted that each nation has its own spirituality, language, traditions, rituals and rules of etiquette.

  Zulfiyakhon Aripova

  10-16

    

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  BOUNDARIES OF SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETATION RESEARCH: FOCUSING ON PROFESSIONAL VS. STUDENT INTERPRETERS This thesis examines the boundaries of research on simultaneous interpretation (SI), with a particular focus on comparing professional interpreters and students in training. The study reviews existing literature to highlight key differences in cognitive processing, performance strategies, and stress management between these two groups. Professional interpreters, with their years of experience, tend to demonstrate greater efficiency in handling cognitive load, multitasking, and maintaining accuracy under pressure. In contrast, student interpreters often face challenges related to cognitive overload, slower reaction times, and less refined coping strategies. The article also explores how training programs can better bridge the gap between students and professionals, emphasizing the importance of domain-specific knowledge, real-world practice, and the development of adaptive strategies for managing stress and fatigue. By defining the research boundaries between these two groups, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of how experience shapes the skills and techniques necessary for successful SI. Additionally, it provides insights for future research on interpreter training and cognitive development in SI.

  Malikaxon Xolmatova

  17-19

    

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  THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AI-BASED DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING This article analyzes the didactic potential of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in foreign language teaching, with a particular focus on English language instruction. It explores how AI-powered interactive platforms, automated assessment systems, personalized learning trajectories, and communication-based intelligent agents can enhance the effectiveness of language education. The study emphasizes the role of AI in the educational process and its pedagogical integration into foreign language teaching.

  Sabohat Begnayeva

  20-22

    

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  INTEGRATING SILENT WAIT TIME TO ENHANCE SPEAKING FLUENCY IN EFL CLASSROOMS This article examines the impact of silent wait time on speaking activities in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning contexts. The research is conducted using the IMRAD format and analyzes the role of silent wait time in improving EFL learners' speaking quality through literature review and theoretical foundations. The findings indicate that teacher-provided silent wait time significantly enhances students' response quality, thinking processes, and overall speaking engagement.

  Marjona Jumayeva , Zarnigor Adiljanova , Shaxinabonu Axmatova , Sevinch Abduvaliyeva, Muhayyo Ziyayeva

  23-26

    

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  THE IMPORTANCE OF GRAMMAR IN LEARNING ENGLISH LANGUAGE FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS The article explores the role of grammar in ESP (English for Specific Purposes) courses for medical students. Two perspectives of learners are focused in this issue; first, most of them consider Grammar is merely long and boring exercises with exceptions to the rules, secondly, using grammar rules in oral communication is a border to speak freely in their field. However, this research justifies that correct usage of Grammar in both written and oral communication play a vital role cultivating further knowledge in English language opening chances for mastering other basic language skills. Quantitative, qualitative and testing research methods have been utilized in order to analyze medical students’ attitude towards Grammar. The results are examined through discussing medical learners’ perceptions about learning Grammar in their EMP (English for Medical Purposes) course.

  Juldiz Allamuratova

  27-29

    

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  THE BURDEN OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN UZBEKISTAN: A GROWING PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as a major public health issue in Uzbekistan, with an alarming rise in cases of myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and arterial hypertension. This article reviews the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and preventive strategies associated with these diseases in the context of Uzbekistan’s healthcare system. The paper aims to raise awareness and propose recommendations for ...

  Shakhriza Nazirova

  30-34

    

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  LEXICAL UNITS OF DESCRIBING HUMAN CHARACTER IN THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES This article aims to compare and contrast lexical units for describing human personality in English and Uzbek languages. Research seeks to identify and analyze similarities and differences among descriptive words of two different languages related to the description of human qualities. By examining nouns, adjectives, and zoonyms that build up descriptive words this article intends to focus on the variations in the usage of lexical means in two different languages and cultures.

  Mokhizoda Iskandarova

  35-36

    

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  THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL IDEA IN BUILDING A LEGAL DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY The article is devoted to the topic "The role of the national idea in building a legal democratic society". The article analyzes in detail the national idea, its essence and meaning, as well as the role in the formation of a legal democratic society. The national idea, based on the historical, cultural and spiritual heritage of the people, is considered as the unifying force of society. The article shows the relationship of the national idea with the basic principles of a legal democratic society, including such concepts as human rights, freedoms and justice. It also discusses the conditions necessary for the development and strengthening of the national idea, changes in the education and upbringing system, public activity and the role of civil society.

  Shavkatbek Egamberdiev , Diyora Hasanova

  37-39

    

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  DEFINING AND APPLYING THE TERMINOLOGICAL MINIMUM IN ESP CONTEXTS This article covers the issues of terminological minimum compilation for the passage of ESP lessons in non-philological universities. Teaching students the terminology minimum, which is structured in English in a particular specialty, contributes to the increase in the professional competence of students and the formation of lexical skills. The article reveals the concept of the terminological minimum, as well as the formal specifications and criteria for the formation of the terminological minimum.

  Shakhlo Urunova

  40-45

    

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  THE MAIN SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL CONFLICTS This article explores the concept of pedagogical conflict, its essence, and its role in the educational process. The main sources of such conflicts are analyzed, including communication issues between teachers and students, interpersonal tensions, differences in methodological approaches, and organizational factors. The paper also examines the underlying causes of conflicts and proposes effective strategies for their prevention and management. This analysis can be beneficial for teachers, psychologists, and educational administrators seeking to improve the quality of the learning environment and resolve conflicts constructively.

  Fazilat Poyonova

  46-47

    

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  THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN THE QUR'AN AND SUNNAH The Quran and Sunnah, the main sources of Islamic teachings, cover the issue of family very extensively and clearly. In Islam, the family is considered a sacred system of human life. It is interpreted not only as a means of satisfying biological or social needs, but also as a solid foundation leading to spiritual and moral perfection.

  Abdulvohid Isaqov

  48-53

    

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  THE IMAGE OF GAVHARSHODBEGIM: HISTORICAL TRUTH AND ARTISTIC INTERPRETATION The article pays special attention to the image of Gavharshodbegim. The life of one of the princesses of the Timurid era - Gavharshodbegim, her involvement in state and public affairs, and her role in political matters were studied on a comparative basis on the scale of historical sources and works of art. The main focus is on the issue of the skill of creators in the interpretation of historical reality in works of art.

  Shahzoda Mirsharipova

  54-56

    

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  THE ACTIVITIES OF RESEARCHERS AT THE BUKHARA MUSEUM IN ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of researchers of the Bukhara Museum in the 1920s-1930s based on archival documents preserved in the museum's collection. During the period under study, the museum was undergoing a stage of formation, and its structure, as well as approaches to scientific and exhibition work, were in the process of formation. Special attention is paid to the role of the Bukhara Committee for the Protection of Cultural Monuments (Bukhkomstaris), which played a key role in the restoration and reorganization of the museum after a break in 1927. One of the first researchers was Polina Andreyevna Goncharova, an ethnographer who studied gold embroidery. She published the work "Bukhara's Gold Embroidery Art," in which she used museum materials and introduced the term "Darham" into scientific circulation.

  SHerali Juraev

  57-63

    

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  HISTORY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE BUKHARA EMIRATE AND IRAN From the period of the Samanid rule, Iranian and Arab Shiite communities began migrating to the Bukhara oasis. This process was prompted by the intensifying power struggles in the center of the Arab Caliphate and its surrounding regions, as well as the persecution of Caliph Ali and his followers. As a result, seeking political refuge, Shiite communities crossed the Amu Darya and reached the Bukhara oasis. During this period, they even laid claims to local power. However, from the 9th century until the early 20th century, no state led by a Shiite community was established in the Bukhara oasis. Nevertheless, during the reigns of the Samanid and Manghit dynasties, representatives of Shiite movements of Iranian origin rose to the rank of viziers and attempted to take control of the government. In both cases, their rule ended in tragedy. This study explores the relations with Iran and the process of formation of the Iranian community in Bukhara during the reigns of the Manghit dynasty’s amirs: Amir Shohmurod, Amir Haydar, and Amir Nasrullo. The first political and military base of the Iranians in Bukhara emerged after the invasion of Bukhara by Nadir Shah Afshar. Subsequently, the nature of Iranian migration to the city of Bukhara and its surroundings changed. Beginning with the reign of Amir Shohmurod, large-scale campaigns were conducted in the province of Khorasan. Amir Shohmurod, loyal to Sunni Islam and considering himself its protector, persecuted the rulers of Khorasan who adhered to Shiism. During his numerous campaigns, he resettled various ethnic groups under the general label of “Iranians.” As a result, large Iranian quarters began to form within the Bukhara Emirate.

  Uktamali Ravshanov

  64-69

    

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  THE ROLE AND POSITION OF TRANSOXIANA IN ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN THE FIRST FOUR CENTURIES OF THE HIJRI After the death of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), Islam spread beyond the Arabian Peninsula, and the Islamic Ummah included a wide range of Persian, Turkish, Syriac, Coptic, and Amazigh tribes and nations. The entry of Islam into Transoxiana began gradually in the middle of the first century of the Hijri and was established during the Samanid period with the Hanafi school of thought as its core. Transoxiana’s privileged geographical location and its cultural and civilizational background made this region the center of gravity of culture and civilization in the east of the Islamic Caliphate, opposite Cordoba, the capital of the Umayyads of Andalusia. From the early second century of the Hijri, paper, the most important spiritual document and influential in the dynamics of science and civilization, was produced in the city of Samarkand. In the third and fourth centuries of the Hijri, during the era of the Samanid government, with the efforts of learned and scholarly emirs and ministers, Transoxiana became a center for the production of science and civilization in various fields. The formation of modern bureaucracy, the translation movement, the compilation of jurisprudential and historical sources, the emergence of famous scholars in various sciences, the flourishing of libraries and scientific centers are examples of the transformation in the field of culture and civilization, and caused Transoxiana to make a significant contribution to the construction of Islamic culture and civilization. The present study attempts to explain the position of Transoxiana and the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara as an influential hub in Muslim culture and civilization with an analytical and comparative approach. To achieve the goal of this research, the question is (What role and position did Transoxiana have in the construction of Muslim culture and civilization after the adoption of Islam?) This study has been written with a historical approach based on the "descriptive-analytical" method. The research findings indicate that the Transoxiana region, under the teachings of the Islamic religion regarding science, began its role in the early second century AH with the production and publication of paper, and during the Samanid period, due to the Samanid government having learned and science-loving emirs and ministers, its cultural and civilizational activities developed increasingly, so that at the same time, Transoxiana played a role as the scientific and cultural hub of the Islamic world in the east of the Islamic Caliphate, in contrast to the Umayyad government of Andalusia in the west of the Islamic Caliphate.

  Ali said Alriyami, Bahador Ghayem

  70-81

    

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  THE ROLE OF O'TKIR HOSHIMOV IN UZBEK LITERATURE This article explores the life, literary contributions, and cultural significance of O'tkir Hoshimov, one of the most influential figures in modern Uzbek literature. It highlights his unique storytelling style, focus on moral and social issues, and commitment to reflecting the values and struggles of ordinary Uzbek people. The article also examines the major themes in his works, such as the conflict between tradition and modernity, the importance of conscience, and the preservation of national identity. Through his novels, short stories, and public engagement, Hoshimov played a key role in shaping Uzbek literary thought during both the Soviet and post-independence eras.

  Sayyora Norboyeva

  82-86

    

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  THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SCRIPTWRITING SKILLS THROUGH CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION This article explores the theoretical foundations for developing students’ scriptwriting skills through in-class instruction. It provides an analytical review of both local and international experiences and studies, leading to relevant conclusions. The article also identifies students’ knowledge and competencies in scriptwriting acquired through classroom activities.

  Nodira Mamatkasimova

  87-90

    

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  THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF LABOR PROTECTION This article briefly describes the importance and convenience of international experience and modern technologies in the field of labor protection, including the creation of healthy work activities that meet world standards.

  Dildora Khidirova , Lobar Khasanova

  91-92

    

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  ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE TIME OF THE CAR ASSEMBLY PROCESS Modern car industry high accuracy, efficiency and speed demand does. Competitive market under the circumstances every one car working issuer working release time reduce through expenses reduce and profit to increase movement This view​ in terms of cars assembly​ process on time impact doer factors study extremely important.

  G‘. Bahodirov

  93-95

    

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  ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR REDUCING THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF EXHAUST GASES FROM AUTOMOBILE ENGINES. Cars with internal combustion engines produce a lot of harmful emissions, causing environmental problems. These emissions reduce air quality, pollute water resources, and disrupt the overall ecological balance. Air pollution harms plants and animals, and also threatens human health, causing respiratory diseases, allergies, and other health problems. In addition, vehicle emissions lead to pollution of water bodies, which seriously harms their ecosystems.

  G‘. Bahodirov

  96-98

    

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  ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE INCREASING NUMBER OF CARS ON NATURE In the modern world, cars have become an integral part of human life. They play an important role in transportation, economic activity, and everyday life. However, the rapid growth of the number of cars is causing serious harm to the environment. In Uzbekistan, especially in the last decade, the number of cars has increased significantly. For example, according to UzAutoMotors, in 2023, more than 1.5 million cars were registered in the country, which is 40% more than in 2015. This article analyzes the impact of the increasing number of cars on nature, considers the situation in Uzbekistan, and makes proposals to mitigate the problem.

  N. Turdaliyev, G‘. Bahodirov

  99-101

    

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  ANALYSIS OF TYPES OF AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION Car industry humanity in history the most important technological from achievements one is considered. 20th century from the beginning since this industry not only vehicles working release with limited not, maybe industr, economy, ecology and society many​ other noticeable on the facades as well impact showing is coming. Every year millions cars working will be issued and this processes various working release types through done Modern​​ car working release technologies increasingly complicated, diverse styles, automation, ecological compatibility and economic efficiency with is waking up.

  G‘. Bahodirov

  102-104

    

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  HISTORY OF DIESEL ENGINES AND THEIR DIFFERENCES FROM OTHER ENGINES Diesel engines modern transportation and in industry important place​ holds , especially freight, rural​ farm and construction in the field. Their high efficiency and strength because of world according to wide In Uzbekistan, for example, diesel​ motor vehicles (buses, trucks) public​ transport and logistics from 20% in the field more than to share has. This article reviews the history of the development of diesel engines, analyzing their differences from other engines (gasoline, electric, and hydrogen).

  J. Suyarov, G‘. Bahodirov

  105-107

    

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