№ 1 (2025) International journal of artificial intelligence

The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) provides valuable insights into students’ reading comprehension and cognitive skills. Its methodologies offer significant didactic opportunities for integrating literacy instruction across various subjects, promoting inquiry-based learning, metacognitive strategies, and interdisciplinary approaches. Incorporating PIRLS principles enhances reading engagement, critical thinking, and academic success. Additionally, technology, culturally responsive materials, and assessment-driven instruction further optimize literacy development. This paper explores the integration of PIRLS in education, emphasizing its role in fostering inclusive and effective teaching practices. Implementing PIRLS-based strategies ensures students acquire essential literacy skills for lifelong learning and real-world applications.

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) provides a valuable framework for evaluating and improving science education. While primarily designed for 15-year-olds, its principles can enhance primary school science instruction by promoting inquiry-based learning, critical thinking, and real-world problem-solving. Integrating PISA’s methodologies helps develop scientific literacy, encourages hands-on exploration, and aligns teaching practices with global educational standards. This paper explores how PISA’s approach can be adapted to primary education, addressing benefits, challenges, and the role of technology in fostering scientific understanding. By aligning early science education with PISA principles, students gain essential skills for future academic and real-life applications.

The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) serves as a crucial benchmark for assessing student literacy worldwide. With the integration of advanced technologies, educators can enhance reading comprehension and literacy development through digital reading platforms, artificial intelligence, adaptive learning systems, and gamification. This paper explores how these technologies align with the PIRLS framework to improve student literacy, offering personalized learning experiences and data-driven insights. Additionally, challenges such as digital equity and teacher readiness are discussed. By effectively integrating technology into literacy instruction, educators can foster deeper engagement and improved reading outcomes in young learners.

The professional development of English teachers is essential to ensuring high-quality language instruction in an increasingly globalized world. This article explores the fundamental requirements for English teachers, including language proficiency, pedagogical expertise, classroom management, technological integration, and intercultural competence. Emphasizing the importance of lifelong learning, it highlights strategies for continuous professional development through training, mentorship, and reflective practice. By meeting these requirements, educators can enhance their teaching effectiveness and create dynamic, culturally responsive learning environments.

This article is aimed at analyzing the psychological significance of stress in military families. It discusses how the family relationships of military personnel, particularly the impact on their wives and children, are influenced by stress, its psychological negative consequences, and the type of socio-psychological support needed for these families. The study examines the internal relationships within military families, the family support system, society's attitudes, and the formation of coping strategies used to manage stress. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed as the research methodology, with the goal of developing effective psychological assistance and stress management strategies for military families. The results of the study show that strengthening the social and psychological support systems is crucial for managing stress and maintaining family stability in military families.

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the socio-psychological factors in the formation of coping strategies in women with disabled children. Raising disabled children presents numerous psychological and social challenges for women. This article discusses the coping strategies used by women with disabled children to overcome stress and anxiety, the role of family support, the social assistance system, societal attitudes, and how psychological states influence this process. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were applied in the research methodology, aimed at identifying these factors and determining what measures are needed to better support women with disabled children. The research results highlight how women with disabled children relate to the socio-psychological environment and suggest effective ways to provide assistance to them.

Operating system (OS) design has been a cornerstone of computing, evolving over the decades to support increasingly complex and diverse computing environments. From resource management to security, OS design involves a wide array of concepts that ensure the smooth operation of both hardware and software. Key concepts such as CPU, memory, and file management, alongside process synchronization and concurrency, form the foundation of modern OS functionality. However, OS design faces numerous challenges, including increasing system complexity, resource constraints, ensuring security in the face of rising threats, and maintaining compatibility with legacy systems. The future of OS design is being shaped by advancements in cloud computing, AI integration, edge computing, and quantum technologies. These developments promise to redefine OS architecture, requiring innovative approaches to resource management, security, and scalability. This paper explores the core concepts, current challenges, and emerging trends in operating system design, offering a vision for the future of OS development in an ever-evolving technological landscape.

English has become a global lingua franca, playing a vital role in education across various disciplines. The language's dominance in fields such as science, technology, business, and education allows students to access a wealth of resources, research, and global knowledge. Teaching subjects in English enhances students' language skills, cognitive abilities, and cultural awareness while preparing them for future academic and career opportunities. In a rapidly globalizing world, proficiency in English not only aids in understanding subject-specific content but also facilitates participation in international dialogues and collaborations. As such, English is a cornerstone in the modern educational system, contributing significantly to a student's academic and professional success.

Web development has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past few decades, evolving from simple static web pages to complex, dynamic web applications. Initially, websites were static, consisting of HTML pages that displayed fixed content, offering limited interaction with users. However, with the advent of dynamic technologies such as JavaScript, CSS, and server-side scripting languages, web development has shifted towards creating interactive and responsive web applications that offer real-time user engagement, personalized experiences, and seamless functionality across devices. This article explores the journey of web development, examining key milestones such as the rise of JavaScript frameworks, the importance of responsive design, and the emergence of modern web development practices like Single Page Applications (SPAs), Progressive Web Apps (PWAs), and the use of APIs to connect with external services. The article will also discuss the future trends shaping web development, including the growing use of artificial intelligence, the shift to serverless computing, and the integration of Web 3.0 technologies.

The article analyzes the significance of the five initiatives in the activities of creative youth. The importance of the five key initiatives being implemented in our country to support youth and create new opportunities for them is extremely high. These initiatives focus on education, professional development, sports, culture, and the involvement of women in various fields. Additionally, the five initiatives have provided great opportunities to enhance the intellectual and creative potential of youth and create new opportunities for them. Especially, the implementation of initiatives in the field of culture and arts has led to the discovery of new creative youth, playing a major role in the development of the sector.

This article analyzes Ne'mat Arslon's story "Moon Witch" and also discusses the essence of the story, the writer's skill, and the images.

in this article, Abdurauf fitrat's “the poet” was taken to the analysis of poetry. The essence of the poem , the reason to write, is to think about badiiyat. Also in the poem the poet of fitrat also nazariyotchi qualitydapplications of the approach through examples of revealed.

The rapid development of composite and nanomaterials offers unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize engineering applications by enhancing mechanical performance, durability, and adaptability. This study investigates the mechanical properties of emerging composite and nanomaterials, focusing on their tensile strength, elasticity, hardness, and impact resistance. Experimental and computational analyses reveal that the synergy between nanostructures and matrix materials significantly improves mechanical characteristics, opening pathways for innovative applications in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical fields. The findings aim to guide material selection and design processes for next-generation engineering solutions.

This study explores the effectiveness of using HelloTalk and Tandem in teaching speech acts to Uzbek B2-level learners in independent education. With the rise of digital language learning tools, mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) applications provide learners with immersive and interactive environments. This paper investigates how these applications can enhance pragmatic competence in speech acts, including requests, apologies, refusals, and compliments. The findings suggest that both applications contribute to learners' ability to use speech acts appropriately in diverse communicative contexts.

This article examines innovative methods of teaching students in the 21st century. The purpose of this article is to summarize modern changes in the didactics of using innovative teaching methods and to study the understanding of these changes by teachers. The article examines four areas: the expansion of the subject of pedagogy, an ecological approach to learning, the digital generation and the ongoing changes, as well as innovations in teaching.The theory of education, figuratively speaking, has two levels.

At the macro level, decentralization and diversification, internationalization of education and the introduction of digital technologies are taking place in the relationship between education and society. At the micro level, in the relationship "teacher-student", there is an active combination of traditional and innovative methods, a combination of an activity-based approach with the approach of the energy-informational environment, cognition with constructivism and connectivism.

The article is devoted to the correspondence of money-related proverbs in English and Uzbek languages. It is obviously known that mainly there are three types of correspondence such as fully, partial, and no correspondence of proverbs about money in two languages. Understanding the level of correspondence between these proverbs provides insight into shared human wisdom at the same time the unique cultural perspectives of each society. The analysis of these proverbs allowed the author to identify a number of proverbs about monetary units with their examples.

The article describes the main aspects and methods of correctional work with mentally retarded children.  Special education methods, psychological-pedagogical approaches and methods of speech and social skills development are analyzed.

This article explores the theoretical aspects of using utopian terms in literary texts and their contribution to revitalizing a work’s narrative structure. By examining the role of utopian concepts in literature, the study investigates how they influence readers' perceptions, enhance thematic depth, and create immersive worlds. The paper also discusses the historical evolution of utopian terminology and its significance in modern literature.

In preschool educational organizations, ways and means of psychological and pedagogical support of an effective system of the process of inclusive education, pedagogical assistance to children involved in preschool inclusive education are highlighted.

This article examines the significance of syntactic analysis in computational linguistics, focusing specifically on the concepts of collocations and valence. It discusses how these linguistic phenomena contribute to the understanding of sentence structure and meaning, and highlights their applications in natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). The article also outlines recent advancements in the field and suggests directions for future research.

This article examines the significance of syntactic analysis in computational linguistics, focusing specifically on the concepts of collocations and valence. It discusses how these linguistic phenomena contribute to the understanding of sentence structure and meaning, and highlights their applications in natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). The article also outlines recent advancements in the field and suggests directions for future research.

In today's globalized world, being aware of different foreign languages is becoming indispensable skill for young generations who undergraduate in  higher education. During their studies in any major, learning foreign language gives excellent opportunities to make a new progress in their future career with addition of gaining promotion by their companies. This research provides the main goals, benefits, achievements of knowing foreign languages and plus what kinds of steps should be considered to begin a new language with its instructions which are given by a professional teachers to fully learn it. Furthermore, this paper will involve various methods for being a good learner in studying language and comprehending the role and influence of language in our academic, social, cultural well-being. In accordance with the following research methods the author identifies by interview how many people would be agreed with this idea of learning language's importance while studying universities contribute significantly their later life. The result of this observation almost 80 percent of respondents prefer to know more than two or three languages regardless of their major and only 20 percent of them could be disagreed with this way. Overall, this research paper will end by founding the best understanding of language's role for  students and productive approaches based on clear information will produce better language learners of higher education.

The preparation of individual wrestlers for competition involves both physical and psychological components that are critical to optimal performance. Physical preparation focuses on strength, endurance, flexibility, agility, and injury prevention through structured training routines, including strength training, conditioning, flexibility exercises, and recovery strategies. Psychological preparation addresses mental toughness, focus, stress management, and cognitive skills, which are essential for wrestlers to perform under pressure and maintain concentration during matches. A pre-competition routine that includes tapering, mental rehearsal, and optimal weight management is also necessary to ensure readiness. Together, physical and psychological preparation enhance a wrestler's ability to compete successfully and consistently achieve peak performance.

A woman is the main pillar of society and a sacred being who shapes the future of humanity. Her qualities like motherhood, compassion, selflessness, patience and social responsibility define her sanctity. The role of women in society is increasing not only in the family, but also in science, culture, politics and economy. Ensuring women's rights, equality and freedom, increasing her spiritual maturity and contributing to the development of society is very important. This article talks about the sanctity of women and their place in society, as well as the need to respect and pay attention to her values.

In the field of acting in musical theater, mature work certainly plays an important role in shaping students. Therefore, we will discuss the role and significance of the work of N. Kobilov, a talented teacher, cultural worker, and playwright who has been working at our institute for several years.