Under our supervision, there were 92 patients with included and terminal defects of the dentition, who underwent prosthetics based on dental implants of the “DIO” system at the Department of Orthopedic Direction FPK TGSI Control group (13) of the patient, “manual toothbrush” - during the entire study period, patients used only a manual toothbrush to clean the crowns on implants; The second group (30) of patients who were prescribed a “manual toothbrush + interdental brush”, corresponding to the size of the proximal space of the orthopedic construction; The third group (49) of patients who were prescribed a “manual toothbrush + interdental brush + irrigator”, in addition to a manual toothbrush, were prescribed an interdental brush and an oral irrigator, an irrigator Waterpik WP-660 (Aquarius) was prescribed for the oral cavity after brushing teeth twice per day for 3-5 minutes, the power of the water jet of the irrigator corresponded to mode 2. An index assessment of the amount of plaque in the area of a fixed structure on implants was carried out using a simplified index of oral hygiene (IGR-U) (J. R. Vermillion, 1964) The condition of the gums in the area of dental implants was assessed based on the Gingival Index (GI) - Loe & Silness, 1963. Thus, at the beginning of the study in all three groups, the HI was low and corresponded to good implant hygiene. After 3 and 6 months, the values of those indices were significantly worse, and corresponded to the unsatisfactory hygiene of the implants. In groups 2 and 3, throughout the entire study, HI indices were optimal and corresponded to good and satisfactory implant hygiene. The indicators of the 3rd group, in which the whole complex of individual and professional methods was applied, were the most positive throughout the study, in comparison with other groups. Analysis of the results of the Gingival Index study showed that the indicator increased in all observation groups. In group 2 patients using manual dental and interdental brushes for cleaning the structure, by the end of the study period the index value increased to 0.95 ± 0.05 points, which corresponded to mild gingivitis of the gums in the area of implants, i.e. there was slight hyperemia and individual punctate bleeding of the gums at the probing sites. Patients of the 3rd group, using an irrigator, had minimal index values at all periods of the study, and the index values were interpreted as “normal gums”, that is, no signs of gingivitis were recorded.
At the present stage of development of dentistry, dental implantation occupies a leading position in the system of complex rehabilitation of patients with defects in the dentition. However, there are many problems in dental implantology. This article presents a review of the scientific literature on risk factors for the development of early and late complications in dental implantation. Absolute and relative contraindications, as well as early complications arising from the placement of a dental implant, are considered. Among the late complications, the main ones were identified - mucositis and peri-implantitis. The risk factors for their development are described in detail: the patient's smoking; iatrogenic causes; osteoporosis; the presence of a microgap between the dental implant and the suprastructure; non-compliance with oral hygiene; a history of periodontitis; absence of keratinized gums, etc. The importance of the participation of each factor in the development of the pathological process, which reduces the duration of the implant functioning, is shown.
Inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues (IDD) occupy a high position among dental diseases, this is confirmed by the results of the WHO study, which noted that about 98% people in the world suffer from CDD. The success of treatment with conventional methods is extremely low, often there is the transition of acute inflammatory processes into subacute and chronic ones, the recovery processes are difficult, which causes an increasing interest in non-drug methods of treatment. The article presents the analysis of the effectiveness of the modern Plasmolifting method. This is an injection method where the patient's own plasma is used, obtained from the patient's blood, platelet-rich plasma, which accelerates the natural regeneration processes. Compared to other methods, it is non-toxic and is not immunoreactive, has an anti-inflammatory effect, and reduces pain and bleeding of the gums, with its help it becomes possible to reduce the period of restoration of periodontal tissues
Качество и химический состав пищевых продуктов оказывают огромное влияние на здоровье человека, в частности, на здоровье полости рта. В данной статье проводится сравнение состояния твердых тканей зубов, уровня гигиены и здоровья десен у детей с разной системой питания. В исследовании приняли участие 98 детей в возрасте 6- 12 лет, которые были разделены на две группы в зависимости от принципов питания в их семьях. Уровень здоровья полости рта оценивали по следующим показателям: интенсивность кариеса, индекс гигиены Федорова-Володкиной и индекс РМА. В результате проведенных исследований мы пришли к выводу, что уровень гигиены, кариесрезистентность эмали, состояние десен у детей из семей, родители которых придерживаются принципов правильного питания, значительно лучше.
Оценить гигиеническое состояние полости рта в зависимости от применяемых методов лечения. Материал и методы. Под нашим наблюдением находилось 92 пациента с включенными и терминальными дефектами зубных рядов, которым в отделении ортопедического направления ФПК ТГСИ выполнено протезирование на основе дентальных имплантатов системы «ДИО». Результаты. В начале исследования IGS был низким во всех трех группах и соответствовал хорошей гигиене имплантатов. Через 3 и 6 мес значения индекса были достоверно хуже и соответствовали неудовлетворительной гигиене имплантата. У больных 3-й группы, использовавших весь комплекс индивидуальных и профессиональных методик, показатели были лучше, чем в других группах. Выводы: у пациентов, пользующихся ирригатором, признаков гингивита за весь период наблюдения не зарегистрировано.