In this article, the research on the Oghuz dialect, the comparative analysis of this dialect with other dialects, as well as the units related to the Oghuz dialect in the "Annotated Dictionary of the Uzbek Language" are analyzed.
The article discusses the analysis of the results of 84 patients with non-organ sarcomas of the retroperitoneal space, who underwent complex treatment. Tumors of a malignant nature were histologically verified by trepan biopsy in all patients (100%). The patients were divided into 2 groups - main n = 38 and control n = 46. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 45.2% of preoperative patients who belong to the study group. All patients underwent radical surgical intervention after 3 courses of PCT. After the operation, they received a course of radiation therapy (TFD-1.8-2Gy). Preoperative chemotherapy resulted in partial tumor regression in 22 (57.9%) patients. Stabilization was observed in 9 (23.7%) patients and progression of the process was noted in 7 (18.4%) patients. Without a relapse period in the main group was 10.2 + 0.4 months, without a metastatic period 11.4 + 0.5 months.
This article discusses approaches to the study of appreciative speech acts in linguistics. Speech acts are also important in reflecting the speaker’s subjective attitude to reality. The speaker expresses his negative or positive assessment of reality through speech acts. For example, if the speaker is dissatisfied with an event that occurred in reality, he expresses his subjective attitude to this reality through a speech act of objection, when the speaker feels gratitude, he uses a positive speech act of gratitude, etc. It is understood that speech acts serve not only the purpose of the speaker’s exchange of information, but also the purpose of expressing his assessment of reality.
In this article, conclusions are given about the speech effect on the addressee through speech acts of gratitude and its result. When the mental state of the addressee is affected through the analysis of speech acts of gratitude, emotional relations such as warmth, cheerfulness, joy, protest, and surprise appear in him; It is based on body movements and facial expressions as a response reaction.
The work is based on the results of the diagnosis, treatment and medical examination of 13 patients with adrenal aldosteroma (Conn's syndrome) (SC).
The average age of the patients was 36.4±3.1 years, the duration of arterial hypertension was 7.4±2.8 years. There were 4 males (30.8%) and 9 females (69.2%). Right – sided localization was observed in 6 (46.2%) patients, left-sided localization-in 7 (53.8%).
Arterial hypertension was a constant symptom in all the examined patients (n=13). Grade 1 hypertension was observed in 2 (15.4%) patients (BP≤140 – 159/90 – 99 mmHg), 2 degrees – in 5 (38.5%) (BP≤160 – 179/100 – 109 mmHg). The malignant course of the disease (AH 3 st.) was observed in 6 (46.1%) patients (BP≥180/≥110 mm Hg).
Creative thinking is a vital skill in the field of biology, as it encourages students to think critically, solve problems, and explore innovative approaches to scientific inquiry. This article aims to provide educators with a comprehensive overview of effective strategies to foster and develop students' creative thinking abilities within the context of biology teaching.
The article begins by highlighting the importance of creative thinking in biology education and its relevance to nurturing students' scientific curiosity and engagement. It then explores various pedagogical approaches that teachers can employ to stimulate creative thinking among their students. These approaches include encouraging open-ended questioning, promoting divergent thinking, incorporating hands-on activities and experiments, and fostering collaboration and peer learning.
Furtherore, the article discusses the role of technology in enhancing creative thinking in biology teaching. It explores the potential of digital tools and resources, such as virtual simulations, interactive apps, and online platforms, to provide students with immersive and interactive learning experiences that foster creativity and problem-solving skills.
Additionally, the article addresses the significance of creating a supportive classroom environment that encourages risk-taking and embraces failure as an opportunity for growth. It emphasizes the role of the teacher as a facilitator and motivator, fostering a positive mindset and providing constructive feedback to nurture students' creative thinking abilities.
Lastly, the article highlights the importance of assessment and evaluation methods that align with the goals of promoting creative thinking in biology education. It suggests alternative assessment strategies, such as project-based assessments, portfolios, and presentations, that allow students to demonstrate their creative thinking skills beyond traditional exams and quizzes.
By implementing these strategies, educators can create an environment that nurtures students' creative thinking abilities in biology teaching, empowering them to become critical thinkers and problem solvers in the field of biology and beyond.
The article studies to clarify the indications for resection of the pancreas during operations for gastric cancer, to substantiate the proposed methods of resection of the pancreas and the results of surgical treatment of 79 patients with gastric cancer with invasion of the pancreas. On the basis of diagnostic data, patients with gastric cancer were divided into groups based on the depth of invasion into the pancreas. In 39 (49.4%) patients, the depth of germination is more than 5 mm, in 18 (22.8%) patients from 3 to 5 mm, and in the remaining 22 (27.9) patients, the depth of germination is up to 3 mm. Of these, after planar resection of the pancreas R1 resection in 3 (16.6%) patients. Postoperative complications were observed in 11 (13.9%) patients. Of these, mortality is 2 (2.5%). The one-year survival rate was 79.5%, and the three-year survival rate was 39.4%, and the five-year survival rate was 18.4%.
The article analyzes the experience of palliative treatment of 68 patients with dysphagia due to esophageal obstruction. In 61 patients, stenting was performed as planned, and 7 patients were operated on for emergency indications due to progressive dysphagia of the III-VI degree with damage to the upper 5 (7.3%) patients, the middle 24 (35.29 %) patients and the lower third of the esophagus of 39 (57.3 %) patients. Among them, esophageal tracheal and esophageal bronchial fistulas were detected in 28 patients with esophageal cancer. In 9 (32.14 %) patients, a fistula appeared after radiation therapy on the area of the primary tumor, in 19 (67.85 %) it was the result of the collapse of the primary tumor. According to our study of patients with esophageal cancer with dysphagia, men were 43 (63.2%), and women – 25 (36.7%), the average age was 65-85 years. Of the 68 patients with esophageal cancer with dysphagia, the urban population was 23 (33.82 %) patients and the rural population was 45 (66.17 %) patients.
All patients were recanalized and self-expanding stents with a company coating (FLEXTENT) were installed.
The study of morphological variants of the tumor showed: that 39 (57.35%) patients had adenocarcinoma and 29 (42.640%) squamous cell carcinoma.
Based on our analysis, endoscopic stenting should be recognized as the leading method of palliative treatment of patients with esophageal cancer complicated by dysphagia.