This article discusses the issues of childlessness of fathers in the traditional life of the Karakalpaks from an early period, which are reflected in folk epics. The epic direction and various motivations are revealed.
The article analyzes the fact that in the stories of Nodir Normatov, a writer with a unique style of prose, the use of poetic interpretations of ancient images belonging to the most ancient layers of Uzbek mythology to symbolic metaphors, myths and legends served to illuminate the spiritual world.
The article demonstrates the widespread use of elements of folklore in Muqimi's work to express the poet's artistic purpose through the analysis of a number of examples.
This article explores the deep philosophical content of the "Persian Letters" by Charles Louis Montesquieu, one of the first representatives of the French Enlightenment, in which the Persian view allows a two-sided approach, which means that the reflection of the realities of the French is uniquely repeated in the Persians.Montesquieu's Persian view of the political system in which a person lives, and vice versa, remote observation of society's attitude towards a person is analyzed through the genre of a parable, decentralized
observation, characteristic view, humorous critical views. The article deals with the problem of cultural barriers as a communicative activity of
representatives of two different cultural associations, emphasizing the importance of cultural factors in the translation process and the translation of cultures, not languages, according to the cultural and ethnographic concept of translation. In the text of the translation, the
specificity of the interaction of language and culture is reflected in the diversity of the “worldview”. One of the main criteria for literary translation is the preservation of the individual style of the author of the work. From the point of view of translation standards, it is natural that the translator has difficulty in understanding a fragment of a literary text. From this point of view, it is difficult to achieve an adequate translation without a reflective understanding of the content of the original in the translation of a philosophical work that differs in style and period of writing. The importance of observing the functional and
methodological norms of the content of the text in order to achieve the adequacy of the stylistic figures used in the work to the target language is investigated.
The interest and attention to the comparative aspects of the study, which has noticeably intensified in modern folklore studies, would be wrong to explain as a tribute to scientific tradition or as a fashion hobby. It seems that our science is based on the realization of the obvious fact that the historical study of literature and folklore – in all its diversity and in all the complexity of modern problems – is impossible without the widest systematic comparative analysis. Based on these principles, this article is based.
This article discusses the search for dialectical, historical, cultural differences and similarities between works created on the theme of Faust in world literature, literary analysis. The article examines rare works created by representatives of English, French, Russian and German literature on the topic of Faustianism.
For almost a century, many have considered lipids as the sine qua non of atherosclerosis. However, in 1856 Rudolf Virchow introduced a theory that inflammation is the driving force of atherogenesis. Recruitment of blood leukocytes to the injured vascular endothelium characterizes the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and involves many inflammatory mediators, modulated by cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. The pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon (IFN)-γ derived from T cells, is vital for both innate and adaptive immunity and is also expressed at high levels in atherosclerotic lesions. As such, IFN-γ plays a crucial role in the pathology of atherosclerosis through activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT1.Our study indeed provides evidence that in HMECs STAT1 coordinates a platform for cross-talk between IFNγ and TLR4, and identifies a STAT1-dependent gene signature that reflects a pro-atherogenic state in coronary artery disease (CAD) and carotid atherosclerosis. Taken together, our data indicate that in the presence of appropriate stimuli, HMECs are highly responsive and consistently express Cxcl9. HMECs may therefore provide a better model for in vitro studies of atherosclerosis.
In the literature of the peoples of the world, the problem of society and man is always a leading theme. In the works created based on this aspect, a person’s alienation from society, isolation from people, and living alone are reflected in a tragic manner. In fact, there are two aspects of loneliness: first, one loses one’s identity, and second, one realizes one’s identity. In world literature, the theme of loneliness is interpreted as a positive and negative phenomenon.