ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
116
BERDAQ SHAYIR SHIǴARMALARINIŃ TÁRBIYALIQ ÁHMIYETI HÁM “XALIQ
USHIN” OPERASINIŃ TEATR SAXNASINDA TUTQAN ORNI
T.Seitnazarova
Ózbekstan mámleketlik kórkem óner hám mádeniyat instituti
Nókis filiali “Kórkem ónertaniw” kafedrasi assistent-oqitiwshisi
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10288366
Anatatsiya.
Maqalada Qaraqalpaq klassik shayiri Berdaq Ǵarǵabay uliniń ómiri hám
dóretiwshiligi, shayir dóretiwshiligine arnap jazilǵan “Xaliq ushin” operasiniń teatr saxnasinda
tutqan orni hám áhmiyeti haqqinda sóz etiledi.
Gilt sózler:
Klassik, shayir, baqsi, tariyxiy, opera.
EDUCATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BERDAQ'S POET WORKS AND THE
PLACE OF "KHALYK USHIN" OPERA ON THE THEATER SCENE
Abstract.
The article talks about the life and work of the son of the classic Karakalpak poet
Berdok Ghargabay, the place and importance of the opera "Khaliq Ushin" dedicated to the work
of the poet.
Key words:
Classical, poet, folk, historical, opera.
ПРОСВЕТИТЕЛЬСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЙ ПОЭТА БЕРДАКА И
МЕСТО ОПЕРЫ «ХАЛЫК УШИН» НА ТЕАТРАЛЬНОЙ СЦЕНЕ
Аннотация.
В статье рассказывается о жизни и творчестве сына классика
каракалпакского поэта Бердока Гаргабая, месте и значении оперы «Халик Ушин»,
посвященной творчеству поэта.
Ключевые слова:
Классика, поэт, народная, историческая, опера.
Berdaq Ǵarǵabay uli óziniń jetpis jildan aslam ómiri dawaminda Qaraqalpaq ádebiyati
ǵáziynesin kóp ǵana teńi-tayı joq ájayip lirikaliq hám epikaliq shiǵarmalar menen bayitti.
Berdaq (haqiyqiy ati Berdimurat Ǵarǵabay uli)
1827-jili Moynaq rayoninda tuwilǵan.
Dáslep awilliq mektepte, keyin ala medresede bilim aladi. Alisher Nawayi, Fizuliy, Maqtumquli
hám basqa qaraqalpaq shayiri Kúnxoja shiǵarmalarin, tariyx, xaliq awizeki dóretpelerin jaqsi
bilgen hám tereń úyrengen.
Berdaqtiń lirikaliq qosiqlarinda hám dástanlarinda Qaraqalpaq xalqiniń XIX ásirdegi
turmis tárizi óz sáwleleniwin tapqan. Ol óz dáwiri waqiyalarina, sotsialliq múnásibetlerge keskin
piker bildirgen shayir esaplanadi. Shiǵarmalarinda teńlik, ádalat, Watanǵa muxabbat idealari ilgeri
súriledi.
Berdaq shayirdiń miynetkesh xaliq turmisina arnap “Bolǵan emes”, “Saliq”, “Biyil”,
“O’mirim” siyaqli qosiqlarinda óz sáwleleniwin tapqan.
Shayir shiǵarmalari arqalı XIX ásirdegi qaraqalpaq ádebiyatin tematikaliq, janrliq,
kórkemlik jaqtan bayitti. Shayirdiń haqiyqat ushin miynetkesh xaliqtiń baxti hám keleshegi ushin
pidayi gúreslerin árman etedi. Máselen, “Xaliq ushin”, “Maǵan kerek” hám basqa da qosiqlarin
jazip qaldirǵan. Tariyxiy temada “Amangeldi”, “Aydosbiy”, “Ernazarbiy” shiǵarmalarinda xaliq
qáhármanlarin táriypleydi.
Berdaq shayirdiń qosiqlari xaliq súyip oqiydi hám ol máńgi jasaydi. Shayirdiń
shiǵarmalariniń hár túrliligi, shiǵarmalardiń idealiq hám kórkemlik jaqtan joqariliǵi menen
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
117
Qaraqalpaq ádebiyati tariyxinda salmaqli orin iyeleydi. Oniń kóplegen shiǵarmalari ózbek hám
basqa tillerge awdarma islegen.
1998-jili Berdaq Ǵarǵabay uliniń 170 jilliǵi Respublikamiz boylap keńnen belgilendi.
Nókis qalasinda shayirdiń atina arnap Berdaq atindaǵi Qaraqalpaq mámleketlik akademiyaliq
muzikali teatri hám kóshe atlari qoyilǵan.
XIX ásirde jasap dóretiwshilik etken ulli aǵartiwshi shayir Berdaq eli-xalqina, keleshek
áwladlarǵa ózinen biybaha miyras qaldirǵan tariyxiy tulǵalardiń biri bolip tabiladi. Ol óz
dáwirinde hár qanday zorliq-zombiliqlarǵa qarsi turip, jámiyettegi jaman illetlerdi áshkaralap,
xaliqti awizbirshilikli, márt boliwǵa shaqirdi. Aǵartiwshiliqqa, ásirese, jetkinshek áwladtiń bilim
aliwi ushin Allataala bergen ótkir tili, zawiqli qosiǵi, shireli sózi menen bar kúsh-jigerin jumsaydi.
Bul oniń pútkil poeziyaliq miynetlerinde óz sáwleleniwin tapqan.
Elimiz ǵárezsizlikke eriskennen keyin mádeniyat hám kórkem óner tarawina ayriqsha itibar
qaratilip kelinbekte. Búgingi kúnde teatrlarimizda operaliq shiǵarmalar sahnalastirilmaqta. Atap
aytqanda, birinshi qarakalpaq oprasi “Ájiniyaz”, “Tumaris”, “Gúlayim” shiǵarmalari
saxnalastirildi.
Berdaq atindaǵi Qaraqalpaq mámleketlik akademiyaliq muzikali teatri óziniń 98-
máwsimin Ózbekstan hám Qaraqalpaqstanǵa xizmet kórsetken kórkem óner ǵayratkeri, Berdaq
atindaǵi mámleketlik siyliqtiń laureati Q.Zaretdinovtiń “Xaliq ushin” operasi menen ashti.
Opera eń dáslep XVI ásir aqirinda Italiyada payda bolǵan. Opera - latinsha sóz bolip
miynet ónimi, shiǵarma degen mánisti bildiredi. Opera qosimsha (sintetik) janr bolip, ózinde bir
neshe kórkem óner túrlerin jámlegen bolip, onda dramaturgiya, muzika, súwretlew óneri hám ayaq
oyin túrleri pútin saxnaliq potceske baylanisadi. Biraq muzika olar arasinda jetekshi orin iyeleydi.
Máwsimniń ashiliwinda Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasi Mádeniyat ministri B.Temirbaev,
teatr direktori A.Nietullaev Qaraqalpaqstan kórkem óner ǵayratkeri, Berdaq atindaǵi mámleketlik
siyliqtiń laureati Q.Zaretdinov hám Ózbekstanda xizmet kórsetken artist, Qaraqalpaqstan xaliq
artisti Ó.Qosimbetovlar shiǵip sóylep, kelgen miymanlardi máwsimniń ashiliwi menen qizǵin
qutliqladi.
Spektakl Qaraqalpaq klassik shayiri Berdaq Ǵarǵabay uliniń ómiri hám dóretiwshiliginge
baǵishlanǵan bolip, libretto avtori Qaraqalpaqstan xaliq shayiri Keńesbay Karimov,
saxnalastiriǵan rejissyor Marqabay Úsenov, operaniń muzikaliq jaqtan basshisi dirijori Ózbekstan
hám Qaraqalpaqstanǵa xizmet kórsetken kórkem óner ǵayratkeri, Berdaq atindaǵi mámleketlik
siyliqtiń laureati Q.Zaretdinov, baletmeysteri Ózbekstan xaliq artisti A.Sharipov, tiykarǵi rollerdi
Berdaq -N.Muxammediyarov, Qulmurat shayir A.Ashirov, Húrliman - Ózbekstan hám
Qaraqalpaqstanǵa xizmet kórsetken artist E.Aytniyazova, Biybitxan - Ózbekstan hám
Qaraqalpaqstanǵa xizmet kórsetken artist R.Qutekeeva, Qulman bolis – F.Uzaqbergenov, Periyzat
– G.Reypnazarova hám basqa da aktyorlar sheberlik penen atqarip shiqti.
Spektakl’ syujeti Berdaq shayirdiń úyindegi kórinis penen baslanadi. Shayir ómiriniń sońǵi
jillari dóretken “Ernazar biy” poemasi shákirti Qulmurat shayirǵa oqip beredi. Xaliqtiń muńi
esitilip turadi.
Jigit bolsań arislanday tuwilǵan
Xizmet etkil udayina xaliq ushin,
Jigit bolsań arislanday tuwilǵan
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
118
Hesh qashanda jumis etpes ózi ushin.
O'zi ushin is eter aqilǵa zayil,
Bolip usinday zamanǵa qayil,
El qidirǵan qidirimpaz gil sayil,
Jumis etpes hesh waqitta xaliq ushin.
Spektakl’de sol dáwirdegi xalqimizdiń awir turmisi, bolislardiń zulimliqlari, qaziw
jumisina tartilǵan adamlardiń awil jaǵdayi, adamlardiń súrginge jiberiliwi, qizlardiń zorliq penen
satip jiberiliwi óz sáwleleniwin tarqan.
Turmis táshwishleri hám qaziw jumislarinan qinalǵan xaliq shayir qosiqlarinan ilham aladi.
“Xaliq ushin” qosiǵi xaliqtiń uranina aylanadi. Shayirdiń qizi Húrliman baqsishiliq óneri menen
shuǵillanadi. Periyzat Húrlimanniń shákirti bolip, ǵarri bolisqa májbúrlep turmisqa bermekshi
bolip atirǵanda Berdaq shayir qizdi qutqarip qalip, óziniń súygenine beredi hám toyin ótkeredi.
Eki jastiń baxitli boliwina sebepshi boladi.
Solay etip, spektakl’ jiynalǵanlarda ayriqsha tásir qaldirdi. Berdaq shayir xalqimiz yadinda
máńgi jasaydi.
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ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
119
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