ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
457
CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE
FORMATION OF BEHAVIOR
Shoira Xudoyqulova
Teacher of the Department of Psychology of Termiz State University
E-mail:
soirahudojkulova34@gmail.com
Phone number: (88) 807 31 07
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10359355
Abstract.
The social environment is also important in the child's environment. Any period
requires the formation of moral education and behavioral culture in accordance with the specific
tasks of social, economic and cultural development.
Keywords:
social environment, person, educational process, behavior, education.
ДЕТИ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО И МЛАДШЕГО ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ
Аннотация.
В окружении ребенка большое значение имеет и социальная среда.
Любой период требует формирования нравственного воспитания и культуры поведения в
соответствии с конкретными задачами социального, экономического и культурного
развития.
Ключевые слова:
социальная среда, человек, образовательный процесс, поведение,
образование.
The fate and future of every society and the people living in it are closely related to the
education of the youth, who are considered the leading forces of the states. Great work is being
done in our country to strengthen the intellectual and creative potential of young people, to increase
their involvement in the reforms implemented in our country.
In our country, special importance is attached to the issue of youth education.
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh. Mirziyoyev, emphasized that youth
education is an urgent problem today and deserves special attention: In other words, it is related
to worldview. Today, times are changing rapidly. Young people are the ones who feel these
changes the most. Let the youth be in harmony with the demands of their time. But at the same
time, he should not forget his identity. Let the call of who we are and the descendants of great
people always resonate in their hearts and encourage them to stay true to themselves. How can we
achieve this? Education, education and only education." states that.
1
It is said in the blessed hadith shared by our great muhaddith grandfather Imam Bukhari in
the book "Masterpieces of Manners" (Al-Adab al-mufrad) that "No father can give his child a
greater legacy than manners."
In the preschool period, moral concepts become more and more strict. The source of moral
concepts can be adults involved in their education, as well as their peers. Moral experiences are
passed and strengthened mainly in the process of communication, observation, imitation, and at
the same time through the praise and criticism of adults, especially mothers. The child always tries
to get grades, especially praise. These evaluations and praises are very important in the
1
Ш.Мирзиёев 5 та муҳим ташаббус. Тошкент, 2019.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
458
development of a child's character of striving for success, as well as in his personal life and career
choice.
In kindergarten, children develop new motives for communication. It has personal and
business motives. Personal communication motives are related to internal problems that concern
the child, and business motives are related to doing one or another job. These motivations are
gradually joined by learning motivations related to the acquisition of knowledge, skills and
abilities. These motives appear in the place of children's natural curiosity, which starts from early
childhood. Self-expression motives are also evident at this age.
The formation of a child's character at the age of junior and middle kindergarten is formed
on the basis of children's observation of the character of adults. From these years, important
personal characteristics such as will, independence and initiative begin to develop in the child.
At the age of kindergarten, the child begins to learn to communicate and interact with the
people around him in various activities. This will benefit him in the future in getting along with
people, and being able to establish normal work and personal relationships. In the formation of the
personality of children of this age, their opinions about their parents and their evaluations are
extremely important.
Kindergarten children's imagination grows mainly in their various play activities.
However, it is worth noting that if children of kindergarten age did not have the ability to imagine,
their imagination would not be diverse. Kindergarten children's imaginations grow in various
activities. Fairy tales are another factor that actively affects the growth of the imagination of
children of kindergarten age. When children hear different stories about animals, a certain attitude
towards the characters in these stories is formed
Pleasant and unpleasant feelings are very strong and very quick in children of kindergarten
age. Kindergarten children's emotions are related to the satisfaction and non-satisfaction of their
organic needs. Due to the fact that these needs are not satisfied, the child feels unpleasant
(unpleasant), displeasure, and distress.
There is a connection between the sense of duty - the understanding of what is good and
what is bad - and their moral imagination in children of senior kindergarten age. Feelings of
satisfaction and joy arise when they perform a task ordered by adults, and when they break a rule,
they feel sad and depressed.
A child's success in school largely depends on their level of preparation for school. First of
all, the child should be physically ready for school. Anatomical and physiological development of
6-year-old children takes place in a unique way.
At this age, the child's div develops rapidly. Its weight increases by 150-200 gm and its
height by 0.5 cm per month. 6-year-old children can walk at different speeds, run quickly and
easily. They can easily run and jump, skate, ski, swim. Children of this age perform a variety of
rhythmic and plastic movements during music lessons, and can perform various exercises
accurately, quickly, easily and nimbly.
A child's successful study at school depends not only on his mental and physical fitness,
but also on his personal and social-psychological readiness. A child coming to school should be
ready to take on a new social status - the position of a student with different obligations and rights
and different requirements.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
459
During this period, children's inner personal life begins first in the areas of cognition, and
then in the direction of emotional motivation. The development in one direction or another goes
through stages from figurative to symbolic. Imagery means children's ability to create different
images, change them and move them freely, and symbolism means the ability to work with the
sign system (mathematical, linguistic, logical, etc.).
The process of creativity begins at a young age before school. Creativity is mainly
manifested in children's constructive games, technical and artistic creations. During this period,
the primary development of buds of special abilities begins to be noticed. A synthesis of internal
and external actions occurs in cognitive processes. In the process of perceiving something, this
synthesis is seen in perceptive actions, in attention, in managing and controlling the plan of internal
and external actions and situations, and in memory, in being able to connect the internal and
external structure of remembering and remembering the material. And in thinking, it is clearly
invisible as the integration of methods of working on practical issues into one general process.
Based on this, the human intellect is formed and developed. In the pre-school period, imagination,
thinking and speech are generalized.
This is evidence that inner speech is emerging as a factor of thinking in children of this
age.
The synthesis of cognitive processes is based on the child's complete mastery of his native
language. During this period, the process of speech formation begins to complete. In the process
of speech-based education, the child acquires elementary moral norms and rules. These norms and
rules govern the child's morals.
Different relationships arise between the child and the people around him, and different
motives lie behind these relationships. All this externalizes the child's individuality and turns him
into a person who differs from other children not only intellectually, but also morally and
motivationally. It is the peak of the personality development of preschool children, and it is the
emergence of their personal qualities, abilities, success and failures, and the emergence of a sense
of self-awareness.
Educational activity creates an opportunity for a student of junior school age not only to
develop cognitive processes at a high level, but also to develop personal characteristics and the
child's personality is formed. In addition to leading educational activities, other activities such as
games, communication, and work activities have a direct impact on the development of the
student's personality.
The motivation of children to enter the competition during the junior school period is
considered a psychological need, and this motive gives them strong emotional stress. In fact, these
characteristics begin to appear from a different period and are clearly visible in the period of junior
school, as well as in the period of adolescence. Children of junior school age evaluate themselves
based on the opinions and evaluations given by adults about them. The student's self-esteem
depends directly on the teacher's assessment and his success in various activities.
Self-ratings of children of junior school age can be different - high, adequate - suitable or
low. Characteristics of children of this age, such as trustworthiness and obedience, provide a good
opportunity to educate them as individuals. The period of junior school age can be considered as
the period of emergence and strengthening of the main, personal characteristics of the child that
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 12 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
460
determine success in various activities. In this period, along with the formation of motives for
success, qualities such as hard work and independence are developed. The formation of
independence in children mainly depends on adults. If the child is overly trusting, obedient, open,
then gradually the character of submissiveness and subordination will be strengthened. However,
encouraging a child to be independent in time can also lead to the formation of some negative
characteristics in him, because he absorbs his life experiences, mainly by imitating someone.
By the end of the junior school period, children, especially girls, begin to pay special
attention to their facial structure. In the course of educational activities, students of junior school
age develop the ability to coordinate their own behavior and activities, develop the ability to
consciously come to an opinion, organize their own activities and the process of learning. It helps
to find a solution of interest, the motivation of the student's behavior also changes. In this case, the
opinions of friends and the team will be the main motives. Moral feelings and volitional
characteristics of a person are formed.
The normative formation of the behavior of children of preschool and junior school age is
characterized by the aspects mentioned above. However, the formation of behavior in children
does not always happen overnight. Sometimes there are problems with the formation and
manifestation of behavior. The most important problems in the formation of behavior in preschool
and junior school age affect the formation of their personal qualities and important qualities in
their character in the future.
Therefore, in this period, it is important to be very attentive to the issues of individual
development, behavior formation, and education of children.
After all, tomorrow's prosperous life is determined by the establishment of a society based
on perfect moral principles, the upbringing of a well-rounded child in the family, his becoming
physically strong, mentally fresh, intellectually mature, intellectually and morally beautiful.
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