THE ROLE OF PERSON-ORIENTED INTERACTIVE
PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN IMPROVING YOUTH'S
LEGAL COMPETENCES
Pirnazarov G‘ulomjon Nurboboyevich
1
1
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Gavhar Str. 1, Tashkent 100149, Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10462996
Key words: Democracy, civil society, law, legal consciousness, legal culture, immunity, axiology, legal literacy, higher
education, socio-pedagogical features.
Abstract: This article discusses the role of interactive pedagogical technologies and socio-pedagogical features of the decree "On
the fundamental improvement of the system of raising legal awareness and legal culture in society" in improving the legal
competence of students and young people.
INTRODUCTION
The rapid development of society through
democracy largely depends on the level of legal
consciousness and legal culture of young people.
Decree No. PD-5618 of the President of the Republic
of Uzbekistan dated January 9, 2019 "On the
fundamental improvement of the system of raising
legal awareness and legal culture in society" was an
important document that defined the important tasks
ahead of us in this direction. The existing
shortcomings in this direction are pointed out one by
one in the decree, including "formation of legal
immunity against factors that negatively affect the
legal education of young people, respect for laws and
rules of etiquette in every person, loyalty to national
values, intolerance to violations". It has been criticized
that the task of raising awareness is not
comprehensively approached and there is no clear and
effective mechanism for the tasks of increasing the
legal knowledge of the population, and the work on
improving the legal culture in society is carried out
inefficiently"[3].
"Methodological aspects of the use of new interactive
pedagogical technologies in the educational process to
increase the legal competence of young people,
analysis of pedagogically effective methods, forms
and factors, as well as ensuring the effectiveness of the
system of modern technologies in increasing the legal
competence of young people, the importance of
increasing their legal awareness is important to
research
secretory
mechanisms
and
modern
technologies" [11]. This, in turn, relies on advanced
foreign experiences to apply them to educational
processes and scientifically analyze the development
of spiritual and educational work in harmony with the
achievements of science and technology, especially in
the process of increasing the legal competence of
young people that creates the need for wide application
of oriented interactive technologies in practice.
In order to increase the legal competence of young
people, it is necessary to further develop their legal
knowledge, skills and qualifications. Understanding
legal culture as a pedagogical value encourages to
approach it from an axiological point of view.
Axiology (from the Greek "action" - the doctrine of
worth, value, values) according to it, human activity
manifested in one or another event is evaluated as
"cultural" or "uncivilized". It is known that law and
culture are interrelated categories. Thus, culture
appears as a measure of the level of social
development of the society, which ensures the free and
comprehensive development of the individual. Due to
the fact that the general theory of legal culture has not
been fully researched until recently, the following
elements are mainly distinguished when defining the
concept of legal culture of a person in society, in which
a person's knowledge of his rights, determining the
content and purpose of laws and other regulatory
documents, his respect for rights, legality, sense of
justice and so on. Based on the above points, if we
define the legal culture of young people on the basis of
its structural elements, it can be defined as follows:
legal culture of young people is their level of legal
literacy, respect for laws, implementation of legal
norms and their application to life, communication
skills, tolerance for violations, creativity of laws, legal
activity and level of initiative.
Relevance of the topic
Based on the fact that more than 60 percent of the
population in our country are young people, a number
of targeted measures are being implemented to
implement the state policy regarding young people and
to protect their interests legally. Methodological bases
of increasing legal competence by increasing legal
culture, analysis of effective pedagogical methods,
forms and factors, as well as effective mechanisms of
formation of legal consciousness and legal awareness,
research of scientific issues of formation of ideological
immunity are gaining importance. Higher educational
institutions require scientific and theoretical research
of the mechanisms of development, modernization and
improvement of new modern effective technologies
focused on the individual in the educational system to
improve the legal culture of their students.
Brief analysis of scientific research on
the topic
Some aspects of raising the legal consciousness and
culture of young people in increasing their legal
competence were discussed by legal scholars Z.
Islamov, I. Kudryavsev, Z. Madalieva, Kh. Mamatov,
O. Nasriddinova, Kh. Odilgoriev, Yo. Sadikova, U.
Tajikhonov, E. Kadirov, R. Studied by Turdiboeva, A.
Khamraev, Sh. Yakubov.
In the researches of pedagogical scientists Z.
Azimova, G. Ibragimova, Z. Khojageldieva, Z.
Kasimova, Z. Solieva, Z. Ismoilova, M. Kuronov, N.
Egamberdieva, O. Musurmonova, SH. Qurbanov, M.
Mahmutova,
B.
Khodjaev,
Kh.Ibragimov,
SH.Abdullaeva,
SH.Akramova,
K.Shonazarov
spiritual and moral upbringing of pupils and students,
formation of spiritual culture and ideological
immunity characteristic of a perfect person in them,
education in higher educational institutions, scientific
issues of increasing the effectiveness of educational
processes have been researched.
Foreign pedagogic scientists T.I. Sganova researched
the pedagogical conditions of formation of students'
legal
competences,
V.N.
Savin
studied
the
sociological problems of this problem, M.A. Hurlet [7]
studied the problems of formation of legal culture of
students of physical education faculties.
This problem was studied by legal scholars of
Uzbekistan - Kh.T.Mamatov [8] as problems of legal
culture and formation of civil society in Uzbekistan,
and candidate of legal sciences O.T.Nasiriddinova [9]
studied legal culture as an important sign of civil
society from a legal point of view.
The analysis of scientific works on the problem shows
that in these works there is no socio-pedagogical
research of designing educational tasks using new
person-oriented pedagogical technologies, applying
modern technologies and legal culture of students as a
competence of the individual. These works determine
the need to conduct scientific research in the direction.
The scientific novelty of the article
is that our
scientists have designed educational tasks aimed at the
effective organization of didactic person-oriented
interactive technology and spiritual-educational
activities in the educational process, and the use of
modern technologies to improve the legal competence
of students and young people and socio-pedagogical
features have not been sufficiently studied.
The purpose of the study
is to develop practical
suggestions and recommendations for the effective use
of modern technologies in the educational process of
higher educational institutions and the system of
spiritual and educational work in improving the legal
competence of students and young people, based on
their modernization and modification.
Social-pedagogical features of the process of
increasing legal competence of students in the system
of educational and spiritual-educational work in
higher educational institutions are taken as an
object
of research.
The research is
theoretical (analytical-statistical,
comparative-comparison,
analogy,
modeling),
diagnostic
(surveys,
interview,
questionnaire,
observation, designed methods), prognostic (expert
assessment,
summarization
of
independent
assessments).
Main div
In the conditions of globalization, education plays an
important role in the development of a person in all
aspects, in the formation of qualities characteristic of
a qualified specialist who knows his rights and
obligations and can apply them at a high level. In
today's education, it is necessary to arm students with
reasonable information in a short period of time, to
create the necessary conditions for their thorough
mastering of the basics of various subjects. In modern
conditions, it is demanded that the educational process
should be directed to the development, socialization
and training of independent, critical, creative thinking
skills, and the application of the acquired knowledge,
skills and qualifications at a high level. Education that
can show these possibilities is called person-oriented
education.
The positive features of person-oriented education are
education aimed at the development of the student's
personality, characteristics and abilities, taking into
account the student's free thinking and action strategy.
Person-oriented education serves to educate students
such
qualities
as
independence,
initiative,
responsibility, as well as independent, creative and
critical thinking skills. In this type of education,
students are required to approach each student as
individually as possible, to respect their personality,
and to show confidence in them. In addition, the
participants of the person-oriented education and
training process express the need to create a favorable
pedagogical environment for mutual cooperation in
the form of pedagogue-student or student-student,
student-student group, student-student team. Legally
competent, it is a factor that actively affects various
life processes in society, helps the integration of
citizens and all social groups, ensures and strengthens
the integrity and harmony of society. Respect for the
law is one of the main requirements for the effective
functioning of the legal society in the political and
legal system. Young people's attitude to rights and
obligations is crucial in evaluating all events of their
legal life. Approaching law to culture through rights,
freedom and obligations, it shows that legal culture is
one of the important methods of young people's
activity in the legal field.
When it comes to the legal culture of young people,
the first is their knowledge, understanding and correct
understanding of their rights, freedoms and
obligations, and the second is their use in practical
activities.
Legal literacy means not only having knowledge about
certain legal norms and branches of law, but also
awareness about various legal forms and the
development of the legal foundations of state and
community life. Thus, "legal literacy, acquiring legal
knowledge, forms the basis of legal culture"[6] and has
a unique effect on people's behavior in society. Legal
literacy, as noted above, is not only knowledge of the
law, but also a correct understanding, it is the
performance of political, economic, and cultural tasks
that serve as a means of implementing the law.
The legal culture of young people includes the
following main elements: 1) the presence of certain
knowledge about law; 2) the ability to independently
assess legal events and incidents; 3) the possibility of
independent participation in legal activities; 4) the
formation of the virtue of being able to control one's
passions during political activity. After the abolition of
the old legal system in our country, attention was paid
to the above-mentioned elements of the legal culture
of young people as a priority task of state policy in
building a new society. In this direction, it is important
that the main attention starts with making it happen in
the minds of young people.
Knowing the dynamic state of the results of the
achievements in the rise of the legal culture of young
people through research based on social surveys
gives an opportunity to have a certain idea about the
extent to which the youth policy is implemented in
our country and the state of youth participation in it.
In modern conditions, it is appropriate to use
innovative forms of education in order to increase the
learning and learning activities of students, increase
the quality of teaching and improve their effectiveness.
Today, practical games, problem-based learning,
interactive learning, module-credit system, distance
learning and master classes are recognized as
innovative forms of education.
Game technologies in increasing the legal competence
of young people - all forms of mastering social
experiences: person-oriented education representing
conditional learning situations aimed at creating
knowledge, skills, competences and the process of
emotional-evaluative
activity
(pedagogical
technology) one of the types.
Stages of organizing and conducting educational
games:
1. Preparation stage.
2. Game stage.
3. Analysis stage.
The preparatory stage is divided into two parts:
Designing the Game and Launching the Game.
The game stage is divided into group work on the task
and group discussion. At the analysis stage, the
completion of the game includes analysis; work
evaluation and self-assessment; conclusion and
generalization.
In order for young people to learn to apply their legal
knowledge, skills and abilities at a high level, through
role-playing games in the organization of lessons and
spiritual-educational activities, young people are
trained in a specific situation, "In order not to break
the law, a person is used to clarify the issue of "how to
behave", and to teach. As an example, we can show a
new event-technology on the topic of "Legal
responsibility". The main purpose of the event is that
a person should be able to imagine personal
responsibility for anti-social acts, to warn students
about anti-social acts, and to form a negative attitude
against crimes as a factor that destroys the well-being
of citizens.
A unique feature of using role-playing technology
through new technologies during the event is that at
the beginning of the event, a specific life situation is
explained and based on this, tasks are assigned to the
participants.
Using the case study method, the event describes a
specific event that indicates a violation of a specific
norm of a law. To solve this problem, it is necessary to
divide the roles of criminologist, lawyer, investigator,
prosecutor, journalist, witness, accused and victim
among the group. After that, the actions at the event
are clearly described, according to which the
participants must perform specific actions, that is:
1. The task of "Kriminalist": level and role, socio-
psychological training;
To determine the reasons for the offense committed by
third-year student Ahmad Kasimov and the
circumstances that caused it (place of study, place of
residence, environment, family)
Preparation of reasoned conclusions about the
conditions that led to the commission of a crime.
2. The task for the "lawyers": - to appoint two groups
of lawyers: the first - for the adult Ahmad Kasimov,
the second - for the victim Iqbol Hakimov and the
seller Doniyor Roziev;
- identification of violations and their description;
- determination of the circumstances of the offense
(place, time, method, level and role of participation,
social and psychological preparation);
- determination of conditions mitigating punishment;
Gather evidence justifying the actions of the
"defendant";
Development of arguments against the verdicts of the
"Prosecutor".
3. Duties of the "Prosecutor":
- identification of violations and their description;
- determination of the circumstances of the offense
(place, time, method, level and role of participation,
social and psychological preparation);
- Determining the nature and degree of guilt, collecting
evidence confirming the guilt of Ahmed Kasimov;
- Determination of the type and measure of
punishment for each offense;
- Development of arguments against arguments that
lawyers may bring.
4. Task for "journalists";
- writing articles for social networks, newspapers,
television and radio channels;
- interviewing event participants;
5. Duties of "investigators":
- inspecting the scene of the accident;
- interrogating the suspect;
- talk to the victims;
- Talking to witnesses;
- Gathering a description of the suspect;
- organization of face-to-face meetings;
-
collecting
necessary
documents
for
court
proceedings.
6. Duties of "witnesses":
- to answer the questions asked by investigators,
lawyers, journalists, prosecutors, journalists.
Participation in investigative processes conducted by
"investigators";
7. Task for "victims":
- answering questions by investigators, lawyers,
journalists, prosecutors.
Participation in investigative processes conducted by
investigators;
8. Duties of the "accused":
- answering questions asked by investigators, lawyers,
journalists, prosecutors,
participation in the investigative processes conducted
by the investigators[10].
It should be noted that the sequence of the tasks will
be referred to the participants of the game at the event,
and they will make this decision independently.
At the end of the event, all participants must answer
several questions and come to the necessary legal
conclusions in order to fully understand what is
happening during the game.
Such questions include:
1. What was your role in the event?
2. How did you feel in this role?
3. What did you like or dislike during the event?
4. What difficulties did you feel during the event?
5. What did you learn during the event?
The program may contain simulation games. They are
used only when it is necessary to know how young
people understood this or that situation or when it is
necessary to arouse such an imagination.
Thus, the implementation of the model of increasing
the legal competence of students and young people
through new technological tools of spiritual and
educational work was organized on the basis of the
fulfillment of spiritual and educational conditions, the
main principles of pedagogical work taking into
account the age and social aspects of the research
group. The obtained results indicate that the work on
improving the legal culture of students was carried out
effectively.
CONCLUSION
Events, roundtable discussions and legal scholars that
serve to form the rights and duties of students in the
development of the annual spiritual-educational work
plan by group tutors in higher education institutions
and faculties responsible for spiritual-educational
work, if meetings are planned with students, the level
of knowledge of students' rights and obligations is
increased. In this regard, the importance and role of
propaganda is great, therefore, on the institute,
university website, newspapers, and radio, the
implementation of "Rules of Conduct" in the territory
of educational institutions by volunteer students will
increase the effectiveness of work in this regard.
In order to teach students to use their opportunities
created on the basis of laws, it is necessary to include
"Me and the Law" trainings in spiritual and
educational programs, and improve the skills of using
laws in activities.
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