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References:
1. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education".
2. "National Training Program" of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
3. "State Standards of General Secondary Education" Education.
18.08.99
4. Regulations on the rating system for monitoring the level of
knowledge of students
in general secondary education.
5. Abu Nasr Faroobi. "The City of Noble People."
Mahliyo Ismoilova, Namangan region, Namangan city, 3rd comprehensive
school, English teacher
INNOVATIVE METHODS AND THEIR ADVANTAGES IN TEACHING UZBEK,
RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES
M. Ismoilova
Abstract: This article provides information on innovative methods that
can be used in language learning for teachers and in the classroom, and their
advantages. The article also contains practical recommendations developed
by the author on the advantages of these methods.
Keywords: innovative, technical means, modern technology, interactive
methods, preference, convenient, computer, efficient, informative, friendly
environment.
In this XXI century, which is called the "age of technology", the
development of science is also developing rapidly. Especially after the
independence of our country, special conditions and facilities have been
created in schools for the younger generation to study. At the same time,
language classrooms in many educational institutions are modern and
equipped. Teachers were advised to replace traditional methods with
innovative ones. Innovation is the word for innovation. Innovative
technologies include the pedagogical process, the introduction of
innovations and changes in the activities of teachers and students, the
application of which fully encompasses interactive methods. In addition, the
use of information and communication technologies in language learning is
invaluable. Because a deep passion for learning any foreign language
requires modern technological tools. For example, to learn to listen and
understand a language, you need a computer, CDs, or at least a modern
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phone that can read MP3 format. Interactive methods are also more effective
through these tools
Study of foreign languages, so-called "world languages", including
Russian, English, Uzbek for Russian classes, on the basis of modern technical
means, using interactive methods; gives good results. Older educators may
ask what it is like to teach in an innovative way or what the interactive
method means and what its content is. In fact, until recently, traditional
teaching methods were used, meaning that more teachers were active in the
classroom. In this case, the student is taught to acquire only ready-made
knowledge. In interactive teaching, students find, analyze, and even draw
information independently. The word "interactive" can be interpreted as
follows. The word "inter" is a Latin word meaning "in the middle". In the
"Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek language" (Tashkent, 2006, vol. 2, pp.
217-218) it is described as follows: "1) intermediate state. Located in the
middle. In the middle; 2) generality, universality, interdependence. " From
these definitions, it is clear that in the process of communication, mutual
acceptance, interaction, interdependence, mutual support, complementary
corrections, etc. are the basis of interactive methods. "What methods are
considered interactive methods?" Here are some examples of the following
method:
Brainstorming, Debates, Negotiation, Presentation, Pinboard, Chain,
Cluster, Link -distribution of information), Projects method, "Opposite
attitude" method, "Decision tree" method, "Inter" method, "I know. I want to
know. I learned" method, Boomerang, Communication, Problem creation
and solution, "Personal opinion "method, FSMU technology (statement of
opinion, reasoning, example, generalization)
We can consider the following examples to determine the differences
and advantages of these methods from others. These methods give more
effective results when done with technical means. Suppose students enter a
language-equipped classroom and begin teaching; There is a computer,
headphones and a video projector. These techniques are the 4 most
important aspects of language learning, the tools needed for English to
develop Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking, i.e. Listening, Reading,
Writing and Speaking skills. Let's take a look at the Mind Attack method. It
is a very popular method in English, called Brainstorming. First, students are
divided into 2 groups; applicants will be selected from among the students;
When all headphones are plugged in, the text is played. They are given 1
minute to hear and understand the text. After the group 1 candidate analyzes
the text he or she has heard in English or another foreign language, he or she
writes a summary of what he or she understands on the board. The next
student, after listening to the text, expresses his / her thoughts in one
sentence. The rest will continue in the same way. Everyone writes what they
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understand, so it’s only natural that different opinions come up. In Shuyer,
my mind begins to attack thoughts. Everyone will explain why they wrote
this sentence. There are many benefits to learning from a lesson here. First,
all students tried to understand the text by listening, and second, they were
able to give a holistic idea based on what they understood. The first
requirement for learning a language, the listening comprehension phase, has
been successfully completed. If this view is without an interactive method,
such as the traditional method, the teacher has read the text to the students,
in turn, one of the students has heard or not heard, or someone has not
shown any interest at all. was possible. Because dividing students into
groups and asking each of them for feedback increases their motivation for
the lesson and requires them to be responsible. Another interactive method
is the Muzyorar method. Most people feel insecure when they are in an
unfamiliar situation (in a new class or new school, at the beginning of a
course). Therefore, this method is especially effective when used among
children who are naturally shy and timid. As the name implies, this method
helps to eliminate the feeling of shyness. Because such positive qualities are
not very useful in language learning. This is because teamwork or pair work
is important in learning. Shy children, on the other hand, may find it difficult
to express themselves when they are adjusting to a stranger. In the
Muzyorar method, children are first paired and divided into groups. They
are explained what to do. In this situation, the teacher (or beginner) will
need to create a friendly environment that gives the students a sense of self-
confidence. This method is aimed at removing the "barrier" between the
teacher and the learner.
The following examples can be given to museums:
1. Presentation. Students or participants are asked to introduce
themselves and provide specific information about themselves. This method
takes less time.
2.Interview. Couples who don’t know each other well are formed and
get to know them. They are given 5-7 minutes to take. Then each member of
the couple is whole added some interesting facts about his partner to the
group offers without. This method gives participants a sense of confidence.
3.Tables. Each participant will be given a felt-tip pen and a large piece of
paper. The paper is divided into four sections, and each student is asked to
write the following information. For example, some secret, hobby, dislike,
and so on.
In doing so, the educator assigns tasks based on the individuality and
mood of the students. After completing the work, all participants can
exchange papers with each other or read it to everyone. The advantage of
this method is that the information is written on paper and does not have to
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be presented, which allows shy children to take an active part in the lesson.
All of these methods are invaluable in language learning.
In conclusion, when teaching with interactive methods focuses on the
interests and age of the students, the benefits of the lesson are even greater.
Because some of these methods are not suitable for young schoolchildren.
But in any case, these methods benefit both the teacher and the students in
language learning.
References:
1.
"Innovative technologies in the learning process" MT Eshmurodov
Tashkent-2011
2.
“New pedagogical technologies of teaching” A.H. Nazirov. Tashkent-
2008
3.
"The use of innovative technologies in teaching English"
Bekmuratova UB, Tashkent
4.
"The use of innovative technologies in education" G. Karimova.
Namangan.
5.
Websites www.google.uz, www.ziyonet.uz
Utkirbek Arzikulov, Psychologist of Andijan State Medical Institute
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND CRIMINAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR
U. Arzikulov
Annotation: This article reviews the psychological and criminal aspects
of suicidal behavior, determining the cause of suicide, the two main stages
of assessing suicide, the condemnation of suicidal acts by law scholars, and
the fact that suicide is currently a socially dangerous crime, that in all CIS
countries and in our Republic, bringing a person to suicide entails criminal
liability.
Keywords: Person, individual, suicide, suicidal behavior, psychotropic
substances, unemployment, anxiety in the family, alcohol, drugs, immorality,
suicide.
Identifying the cause of suicide is a complex matter. Often this is the
cause of a person’s lifestyle, external factors that affect him. But other
aspects that are independent of the individual cannot be ignored. For
example, factors that can lead to suicidal tendencies include unemployment,
family anxiety, drink alcohol, takedrugs and psychotropic substances.
In society, suicide has always been discussed, even punished. Naturally,
the question arises whether an individual's voluntary suicide should be
