SYNAPSES:
Insights Across the
Disciplines
Volume 2, Issue 3
92
Synapses:
Insights Across the Disciplines
BOLALARDA MIOPIYANING ERTA TASHXISI VA PROFILAKTIKASI
Halilova Gulniso Ilhom qizi,
Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatqulovich
Termiz
iqtisodiyot
va
servis
universiteti, Tibbiyot fakulteti
Annotatsiya
Miopiya (yaqinni yaxshi ko‘ra olish, uzoqni xira ko‘rish) dunyo miqyosida keng
tarqalgan ko‘z kasalliklaridan biri bo‘lib, ayniqsa bolalar orasida tez-tez uchraydi.
Ushbu maqolada miopiyaning rivojlanish sabablari, diagnostikasi va profilaktikasi
tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, texnologiyalar rivojlanishi va
pandemiya kabi omillar miopiyaning ortishiga sabab bo‘lgan. Profilaktika choralarini
erta bosqichda qo‘llash kasallik rivojlanishini sekinlashtirishi mumkin.
Kalit so‘zlar:
miopiya, bolalar, ko‘rish qobiliyati, profilaktika, oftalmologiya,
diagnostika.
1. Kirish
So‘nggi yillarda dunyo bo‘ylab bolalarda miopiya kasalligining keng tarqalganligi
kuzatilmoqda. BBC global tahlillariga ko‘ra, har uch boladan biri uzoqni ko‘ra
olmaslik muammosiga duch kelmoqda. Ushbu maqolada miopiyaning sabablarini
o‘rganish, diagnostikasi va profilaktika choralari haqida fikr yuritiladi.
2. Miopiyaning Etiologiyasi va Patogenezi
Miopiya ko‘z olmasining normal shakldan uzun bo‘lishi yoki yorug‘lik sindirish
kuchining ortib ketishi natijasida yuzaga keladi. Ushbu kasallikning asosiy sabablari
quyidagilardir:
•
Genetik moyillik
– ota-onada miopiya bo‘lsa, bolalarda rivojlanish ehtimoli
yuqori.
•
Ko‘zni zo‘riqtirish
– uzoq vaqt ekran qarshisida bo‘lish yoki kitob o‘qish
natijasida yuzaga keladi.
•
Kamharakat hayot tarzi
– ochiq havoda kam vaqt o‘tkazish miopiya
rivojlanish xavfini oshiradi.
2.1 Miopiyaning Global Ko‘rsatkichlari
Turli davlatlarda miopiya tarqalishi quyidagicha qayd etilgan:
•
Yaponiya – 85%
•
Janubiy Koreya – 73%
•
Xitoy va Rossiya – 40% dan ortiq
•
AQSh va Yevropa davlatlari – 15%
SYNAPSES:
Insights Across the
Disciplines
Volume 2, Issue 3
93
Synapses:
Insights Across the Disciplines
•
Bu ko‘rsatkichlar 1990-2023 yillarda uch barobar oshgan.
3. Miopiyaning Belgilari va Diagnostikasi
Miopiya alomatlari har xil bo‘lishi mumkin, jumladan:
•
Loyqa ko‘rish
– uzoqdagi obyektlarni aniqlik bilan ko‘ra olmaslik.
•
Ko‘zni qisib qarash
– ob’ektlarni yaxshiroq ko‘rishga harakat qilish.
•
Ko‘z charchoqlari va bosh og‘rig‘i
– uzoq vaqt vizual ish bilan
shug‘ullanganda paydo bo‘ladi.
3.1 Diagnostika
Miopiyani aniqlash uchun oftalmolog tomonidan quyidagi testlar o‘tkaziladi:
•
Snellen jadvali testi
– ko‘rish o‘tkirligini tekshirish.
•
Refraktometriya
– yorug‘lik sindirish kuchini o‘lchash.
•
Oftalmoskopiya
– ko‘z tubi o‘zgarishlarini aniqlash.
4. Miopiyaning Profilaktikasi
Erta bosqichda profilaktika choralari quyidagilardan iborat:
4.1 Ko‘z Gigienasi
•
Yoritilishi yetarli bo‘lgan sharoitda ishlash.
•
Har 30 daqiqada dam olish.
•
Ekran qarshisida uzoq vaqt o‘tirmaslik.
4.2 Ochiq Havoda Faoliyat
Tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, bolalar ko‘proq vaqtini ochiq havoda o‘tkazsa,
miopiyaning rivojlanish xavfi kamayadi.
4.3 Ratsional Ovqatlanish
Ko‘rish qobiliyatini yaxshilash uchun quyidagi oziq-ovqatlar tavsiya etiladi:
•
Dengiz mahsulotlari
(Omega-3 yog‘ kislotalari)
•
Sabzi, qovoq
(A vitamini manbalari)
•
Quruq mevalar va yong‘oqlar
(E vitamini)
5. Miopiyani Davolash
Miopiyani davolash usullari quyidagilarni o‘z ichiga oladi:
5.1 Tuzatish Linzalari
•
Ko‘zoynak va kontakt linzalar yordamida ko‘rish yaxshilanadi.
5.2 Dori vositalari
•
Miopiyani sekinlashtirish uchun maxsus ko‘z tomchilari qo‘llaniladi.
5.3 Jarrohlik Muolajalari
Agar miopiya juda kuchli bo‘lsa, quyidagi usullar qo‘llaniladi:
•
LASIK
– shox pardani shakllantirish orqali ko‘rishning yaxshilanishi.
•
PRK
– shox pardaning tashqi qatlamini olib tashlash.
SYNAPSES:
Insights Across the
Disciplines
Volume 2, Issue 3
94
Synapses:
Insights Across the Disciplines
•
SMILE
– minimal invaziv lazer operatsiyasi.
6. Xulosa
Miopiya bolalar orasida keng tarqalgan bo‘lib, uning oldini olish va davolash uchun
erta tashxis muhim ahamiyatga ega. Texnologiyalarning rivojlanishi, pandemiya va
turmush tarzining o‘zgarishi miopiyaning ortishiga sabab bo‘lmoqda. Erta yoshdan
ko‘rish qobiliyatiga e’tibor berish va oftalmolog tekshiruvlaridan o‘tish kasallikning
oldini olishga yordam beradi.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:
1.
Kenjayev Y., & Xudoyorova , U. (2025). Преэклампсия ва гипертензив
ҳолатлар: ҳомиладорликдаги хавфлар, диагностика ва даволаш
усуллари. Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2),
306–314. Retrieved from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/aijmr/article/view/68857
2.
Qaxxorov Bunyod Abduraimovich, Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatqulovich.
Preventive measures for hypertension: risk factors, early diagnosis, and
treatment approaches. (2025). International conference on interdisciplinary
science, 2(1),196. https://universalconference.us/universalconference/index.ph
p/icms/article/view/3636
3.
Xolmurodov , I., & Chorshanbiyev , A. (2025). Viruslarning tarixi va eng ko‘p
uchrovchi viruslar haqida tushunchalar. Journal of Science-Innovative Research
in
Uzbekistan, 3(1),
151–167.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/journal-science-innovative/article/view/64646
4.
Amirova Sabrina Baxromovna, & Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatqulovich. (2025).
Insult
kassaligining
profilaktikasi
va
uning
reabilitatsiyadagi
ahamiyati. Synapses: Insights across the Disciplines, 2(1), 81–85. Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/siad/article/view/64586
5.
Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatqulovich, & Xudoyorova Ummulaylo Shuxrat qizi.
(2025). Jigar sinusoid kapilyarlaridagi o’zgarishlar gemangiomani
tekshirishning samarali usullari. Medicine, Pedagogy and Technology: Theory
and
Practice, 3(1),
384–390.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/mpttp/article/view/64925
6.
Kenjayev, Y., & Farxodova , A. (2025). Yurak etishmovchiligi bo’lgan
bemorlarni reabilitatsiya qilishning innovatsion usullari. Journal of Science-
Innovative Research in Uzbekistan, 3(1), 705–718. Retrieved from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/journal-science-innovative/article/view/65794
SYNAPSES:
Insights Across the
Disciplines
Volume 2, Issue 3
95
Synapses:
Insights Across the Disciplines
7.
Кенжаев Ёдгор Маматқулович, & Мамадалиева Гулзода Низомжон қизи, .
(2025). Нейроилм ва когнитив бузилишлар: хотира ва диққатни яхшилашга
қаратилган замонавий нейротехнологиялар. Acumen: International Journal
of
Multidisciplinary
Research, 2(1),
322–329.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/aijmr/article/view/65750
8.
Daminova Shahnoza Panji qizi and Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatqulovich,
“Sistemali kasalliklarning ko’z sog’lig’iga taʼsiri: kardilogik va endokrin
kasalliklar”, new, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 17–20, Feb. 2025, Accessed: Mar. 03, 2025.
[Online]. Available: https://scientific-jl.com/new/article/view/1650
9.
Daminova Shahnoza Panji qizi. Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatkulovich. (2025).
Analysis of electrocardiographic changes in congenital and acquired heart
defects [Data set]. American journal of applied medical science ISSN: 2996-
5101 (online) | ResearchBib (IF) = 9.818 IMPACT FACTOR Volume-3| Issue-2|
2025
Published:
|28-02-2025|
Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14874480
10.
Халилова Гулнисо Илхом кизи, & Кенжаев Ёдгор Маматкулович. (2025).
Глаукома: белгилари ва даволаш усуллари. Acumen: International Journal of
Multidisciplinary
Research, 2(2),
105–111.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/aijmr/article/view/65764
11.
“Preventive measures for hypertension: risk factors, early diagnosis, and
treatment approaches”, ICIS, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 196, Jan. 2025, Accessed: Feb. 17,
2025. [Online].
Available: https://universalconference.us/universalconference/index.php/icms/a
rticle/view/3636
12.
Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatqulovich, & Xudoyorova Ummulaylo Shuxrat qizi.
(2025). Jigar sinusoid kapilyarlaridagi o’zgarishlar gemangiomani
tekshirishning samarali usullari. Medicine, Pedagogy and Technology: Theory
and
Practice, 3(1),
384–390.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/mpttp/article/view/64925
13.
Kenjayev Y., & Farxodova, A. (2025). Yurak etishmovchiligi bo’lgan bemorlarni
reabilitatsiya qilishning innovatsion usullari. Journal of Science-Innovative
Research
in
Uzbekistan, 3(1),
705–718.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/journal-science-innovative/article/view/65794.
14.
Кенжаев Ёдгор Маматқулович, & Мамадалиева Гулзода Низомжон қизи,
(2025). Нейроилм ва когнитив бузилишлар: хотира ва диққатни яхшилашга
қаратилган замонавий нейротехнологиялар. Acumen: International Journal
SYNAPSES:
Insights Across the
Disciplines
Volume 2, Issue 3
96
Synapses:
Insights Across the Disciplines
of
Multidisciplinary
Research, 2(1),
322–329.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/aijmr/article/view/65750
15.
Daminova Shahnoza Panji qizi, & Kenjayev Yodgor Mamatqulovich. (2025).
Sistemali kasalliklarning ko’z sog’lig’iga taʼsiri: kardilogik va endokrin
kasalliklar. Journal of new century innovations, 70(2), 17-20. https://scientific-
jl.com/new/article/view/1650
16.
Sultonova D., Kenjayev Y. Bachadon miomasi: klinik belgilari va samarali
davolash usullari //Journal of science-innovative research in Uzbekistan. – 2024.
– Т. 2. – №. 12. – С. 180-183.
17.
Кенжаев, Ё., & Амонов, Б. (2024). Кардиомиопатия ва унинг турлари:
даволаш усуллари таҳлили. Medicine, Pedagogy and Technology: Theory and
Practice, 2(11),
347–353.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/mpttp/article/view/60123
18.
Kenjayev Y., Saidov, J., & Abdumurotova, J. (2024). Болаларда учрайдиган
оғиз касалликлари: муаммо ва ечимлар. Acumen: International Journal of
Multidisciplinary
Research, 1(4),
117–124.
Retrieved
from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/aijmr/article/view/63481
19.
Normurodova, A., Saidov, J., & Kenjayev, Y. (2024). Гинекологик
касалликларнинг
эрта
аниқланиши
ва
самарали
даволаш
усуллари. Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(4),
102–106. Retrieved from
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/aijmr/article/view/63478
20.
Kenjayev, Y., & Berdiyeva, S. (2024). Yurak bo‘lmacha va qorinchalari
gipertrofiyasining elektrokardiografik belgilarini tahlil qilish. Acumen:
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(4), 107–113. Retrieved
from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/aijmr/article/view/63479
21.
Kenjayev, Y., “Гистология слоев кожи и их функции”, MJST, vol. 4, no. 11,
pp.
53–57,
Nov.
2024, Accessed:
Jan.
25,
2025.
[Online].
Available: https://www.mjstjournal.com/index.php/mjst/article/view/2007
22.
Кенжаев Ёдгор Маматқулович, Саидов Жасур Бахтиярович, Рахимова
Мохинур Шамсуддиновна. (2024). Буйрак касалликларининг сабаблари,
патогенези ва даволаш йўллари: турли патологик ҳолатларнинг таҳлили ва
профилактика чоралари [Data set].
Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14096723
23.
Abduqodirovna M. F., Ismatulloyevich X. I., Mamatqulovich K. Y.
Chaqaloqlarda sepsis kasalliklarining kechishi diagnostikasi labaratoriya
SYNAPSES:
Insights Across the
Disciplines
Volume 2, Issue 3
97
Synapses:
Insights Across the Disciplines
taxlillari //American journal of applied medical science. – 2024. – Т. 2. – №. 4.
– С. 114-119.
