№ 9 (2025) Theoretical aspects in the formation of pedagogical sciences

The global epidemiological landscape increasingly positions colorectal diseases among the foremost public health challenges of the 21st century. Marked by a steadily rising incidence and significant contributions to morbidity and mortality rates, these conditions exert a profound socioeconomic toll on healthcare systems worldwide. As demographic shifts, urbanization, and lifestyle transitions intensify, the prevalence of colorectal pathologies continues to escalate, necessitating urgent and coordinated public health responses.

Ushbu maqolada imkoniyati cheklangan bolalarning nutqiy rivojlanishida vokal san’atining o’rni va uning ahamiyati haqida fikr yuritiladi.  Shu bilan birga bunday bolalar bilan ishlash usullari hamda vositalari to’g’risida atroflicha ma’lumot berilgan.

статья рассматривает актуальные вопросы методики преподавания русского языка и литературы в современной образовательной среде. Особое внимание уделяется внедрению инновационных технологий и формированию коммуникативной компетенции учащихся. Рассматриваются методики использования цифровых технологий, проектных методов и интеграции традиционных и современных подходов к обучению.

The object of the crime of false testimony is the normal activities of the inquiry, preliminary investigation, prosecutor's office and judicial bodies, as well as the rights and interests of citizens, enterprises, institutions and organizations protected by law.

Ushbu maqola kompyuter grafikasining asosiy yo‘nalishlari – tasvirni tanlash (computer vision), tasvirni qayta ishlash (image processing) va kompyuter grafikasi (computer graphics) – ni o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Maqolada ushbu yo‘nalishlarning nazariy asoslari, tasvirlarni aks ettirish usullari (rastr, vektor va fraktal grafika) va ularning zamonaviy multimedia dasturlaridagi qo‘llanilishi yoritiladi. Shuningdek, tasvirni kompyuterda hosil qilishning asosiy bosqichlari, masalan, poligonal setka, geometrik proyeksiyalash, rastr algoritmlari va rendering kabi jarayonlar tahlil qilinadi. Maqola kompyuter grafikasining professional va havaskor foydalanuvchilar uchun ahamiyati, shu jumladan reklama, dizayn va o‘quv jarayonlarida qo‘llanilishi haqida ma’lumot beradi. Talabalarga yo‘naltirilgan pedagogik yondashuvlar va yangi texnologiyalardan foydalanish orqali dars samaradorligini oshirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar keltiriladi. Maqola kompyuter grafikasini o‘qitish uslubiyatini rivojlantirishga qiziqish uyg‘otish va amaliy ko‘nikmalarni shakllantirishga xizmat qiladi.

This study investigates the methodology and effectiveness of teaching vocabulary through listening for B1-level English language learners. Drawing upon Krashen’s Input Hypothesis, Nation’s Four Strands Model, and Cognitive Load Theory, the research explores how contextualized listening tasks enhance vocabulary acquisition and retention. The study employs a combination of pre- and post-tests, comprehension assessments, and student feedback to evaluate learning outcomes. The findings demonstrate that integrating listening into vocabulary instruction significantly improves learner motivation, comprehension, and long-term vocabulary retention. Pedagogical implications suggest that structured listening tasks, multisensory support, and interactive platforms like podcasts and audiobooks can play a pivotal role in promoting meaningful language learning experiences.

The relationship between economic activity and the environment is one of the important aspects of the modern economy. Economic growth often requires an increase in the intensity of resource use and production processes. This, in turn, can have a negative impact on the environment. Large-scale production and consumption lead to the rapid depletion of natural resources, which creates problems for future generations. As a result of economic activity, waste, gases and other pollutants are released into the air, water and soil. Greenhouse gases from economic activity cause climate change, which leads to global problems.

this article explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into problem-based learning models in writing classrooms. Following an extensive review of instructional methods, we explore the ways in which AI software has the potential to enhance writing skills among students via instant feedback, personalized learning plans, and by fostering collaboration between peers. Specifically, the article highlights certain AI tools that facilitate innovative problem-solving in writing and examines their impact on student motivation and overall learning success. By analyzing qualitative and quantitative data collected from varied learning settings, we demonstrate the transformative potential of AI-enhanced PBL for fostering critical thinking and writing ability among students.

Mazkur maqolada Helianthus annuus L. (moyli kungaboqar) turiga mansub geografik jihatdan uzoq hududlardan olingan namunalar asosida yaratilgan duragaylarning dastlabki fenologik, morfologik, agronomik va molekulyar tahlillari yoritilgan. O‘tkazilgan tadqiqotlar natijasida ayrim duragaylarda erta pishish, yuqori hosildorlik (3,2 t/ga gacha), yog‘ miqdorining ko‘pligi (49% gacha) va kasalliklarga chidamlilik kabi ustunliklar aniqlangan. Geografik xilma-xillikdan samarali foydalanish kungaboqar seleksiyasida genetik resurslarni boyitish va zamonaviy talabga javob beruvchi navlarni yaratishda muhim omil ekanligi isbotlangan.

Ushbu maqolada muammoli ta’lim metodlari asosida kartografik bilim va ko‘nikmalarni takomillashtirish texnologiyasi o‘rganiladi. Kartografiya, geografik ma'lumotlarni vizualizatsiya qilishning muhim vositasi sifatida, zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonlarida alohida ahamiyatga ega. Maqola, muammoli ta’lim metodlari orqali talabalarda kartografik ko‘nikmalarni rivojlantirishning nazariy va amaliy jihatlarini tahlil qiladi. Shuningdek, kartografik bilimlarni o‘zlashtirish jarayonida muammoli vaziyatlar yaratish orqali talabalarning analitik fikrlash qobiliyatini oshirishga e’tibor qaratadi. Ushbu jarayonda innovatsion texnologiyalar, interaktiv xaritalar va GIS (Geografik Axborot Tizimlari) kabi zamonaviy vositalardan foydalanish imkoniyatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ushbu yondashuv o‘quvchilarni zamonaviy geografik bilimlar bilan qurollantirib, ularning karyera yo‘lida muvaffaqiyatli bo‘lishlariga yordam beradi.

In today’s era of globalization and information, the development and economic growth of every nation is closely linked to the quality of its education system. Quality education is not only about imparting knowledge, but also about fostering all-round development, encouraging independent thinking, creativity and critical engagement. This article explores the role of quality education in societal development, its key criteria, the inherent connection between education and economic growth, as well as the strategic directions necessary for the advancement of the education system. The article illustrates how quality education takes shape through modern educational concepts, innovative methods, advanced practices, leading to socio-economic progress.

Ushbu Maqolada Ixtisoslashtirilgan Umumta'lim Maktablari O'quvchilarining Salomatligini Mustahkamlashga Qaratilgan Zamonaviy Innovatsion Texnologiyalar Tahlil Qilinadi. Adabiyotlar Tahlili Asosida O'quvchilarning Jismoniy Va Ruhiy Salomatligini Yaxshilashning Samarali Usullari, Raqamli Texnologiyalarning Roli Va Kompleks Yondashuv Masalalari Ko'rib Chiqiladi.

Ushbu maqolada XX asr boshlarida jadidchilik harakatining yetakchi vakillarining oila muassasasi haqidagi qarashlari tahlil qilingan. Fitrat, Behbudiy, Said Ahroriy kabi jadid ma'rifatparvarlarining asarlari asosida ularning oila tushunchasi, oilaviy munosabatlar, xotin-qizlar maqomi, nikoh va ta'lim-tarbiya haqidagi g'oyalari o'rganilgan. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko'ra, jadidlar an'anaviy oila tushunchasini tanqid qilish bilan birga, uni zamonaviy ta'lim va tarbiya asosida isloh qilish tarafdorlari bo'lganlar. Jadidlarning oila haqidagi qarashlari milliy uyg'onish davrining muhim tarkibiy qismi sifatida baholanadi.

Ushbu Maqolada Badiiy Asar Tarjimasida Muallifning O‘Ziga Xos Uslubini Saqlab Qolish Masalasi Nazariy Va Amaliy Jihatdan Tahlil Qilinadi. Fantastik Adabiyot Namunalariga Tayangan Holda, Original Matndagi Stilistik Xususiyatlarni Tarjimada Adekvat Aks Ettirish Strategiyalari O‘Rganiladi. Muallif Uslubini Saqlashning Ahamiyati, Tarjimada Estetik Va Poetik Funksiyani Yetkazish Prinsiplari Yoritiladi. Tarjimonning Muallif Ovozi Va Badiiy Tasvirlarni Maqsad Tilida Iloji Boricha To‘Liq Qayta Yaratishdagi Yondashuvlari Va Uchraydigan Muammolar Misollar Asosida Ko‘Rsatib Beriladi. Xulosa Sifatida, Badiiy Tarjimada Yozuvchi Uslubini Maksimal Darajada Saqlab Qolish Uchun Tarjimon Qanday Ijodiy Va Ilmiy Yondashuvlardan Foydalansa Bo‘Lishi Kerakligi To‘G‘Risida Tavsiyalar Bayon Etiladi.

This article, Ways of Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Students, explores effective educational strategies for nurturing critical thinking in learners. It emphasizes methods such as inquiry-based learning, metacognitive reflection, Socratic questioning, problem-based learning, and the integration of technology and argumentative writing. The article highlights the importance of a supportive classroom culture where diverse perspectives are respected and critical dialogue is encouraged. Drawing on research from educational theorists and empirical studies, it provides a comprehensive overview of how educators can foster analytical and independent thinking among students. This piece serves as a valuable resource for teachers, education professionals, and policymakers aiming to prepare students for complex real-world challenges through the development of critical thinking skills.