“Arab tili globallashuv
davrida: innovatsion yondoshuvlar
va
o‘qitish metodikasi”
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman
454
THE ADEQUACY AND VARIABILITY OF THE TRANSLATION OF
TERMS IN TECHNICAL TEXTS
Y
o‘
ldasheva Nazira Ergashali qizi
student English applied translation department, Translation faculty, Uzbekistan
state world languages university
Bakirova Khilolakhon Botiraliyevna
senior teacher English applied translation department, Translation faculty,
Uzbekistan state world languages university
Abstract.
This article describes some of the problems encountered in the
translation of scientific and technical terms that are currently relevant and their
causes. In fact, not only students, but also specialists face a number of difficulties
when translating scientific and technical texts, because it is important to learn the
terms of that particular field along with a set of general words in the translation.
And it also gives some information about the adequacy in the field of translation and
ways of using it in the technical texts. Different views and theories of the equivalence
and adequacy concepts are revealed. The problem of technical translation is of great
importance nowadays, therefore common difficulties that a translator faces are
identified in the article. Moreover, recommendations on technical translation are
given.
Key words:
adequacy, technical texts, variability in translation, difficulties,
concept, technical terms, problems of translation, aims.
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqolada hozirgi vaqtda dolzarb b
o‘
lgan ilmiy-
texnikaviy atamalarni tarjima qilishda uchraydigan ayrim muammolar va ularning
kelib chiqish sabablari bayon etilgan. Darhaqiqat, ilmiy-texnikaviy matnlarni
tarjima qilishda nafaqat talabalar, balki mutaxassislar ham bir qator
qiyinchiliklarga duch kelishadi, chunki tarjimada umumiy s
o‘
zlar majmuasi bilan
birga
o‘
sha sohaga oid atamalarni ham
o‘
rganish muhim ahamiyatga ega.
Shuningdek, u tarjima sohasidagi adekvatlik va uni texnik matnlarda q
o‘
llash
usullari haqida ma
’
lumot beradi. Ekvivalentlik va adekvatlik tushunchalarining
turlicha qarashlari va nazariyalari ochib berilgan. Texnik tarjima muammosi
bugungi kunda katta ahamiyatga ega, shuning uchun maqolada tarjimon duch
keladigan umumiy qiyinchiliklar aniqlangan. Bundan tashqari, texnik tarjima
b
o‘
yicha tavsiyalar berilgan
Kalit s
o‘
zlar:
adekvatlik, texnik matnlar, tarjimaning
o‘
zgaruvchanligi,
qiyinchiliklar, tushuncha, texnik atamalar, tarjima muammolari, maqsadlar.
Аннотация.
В данной статье описаны некоторые проблемы,
возникающие при переводе научно
-
технических терминов, актуальных в
настоящее время, и их причины. На самом деле не только студенты, но и
специалисты сталкиваются с рядом трудностей при переводе научно
-
технических текстов, поскольку наряду с набором общих слов при переводе
“Arab tili globallashuv davrida: innova
tsion yondoshuvlar
va
o‘qitish metodikasi”
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman
455
важно изучать термины именно этой области. А также дает некоторую
информацию об
адекватности перевода и способах его использования в
технических текстах. Выявлены различные взгляды и теории понятий
эквивалентности и адекватности. Проблема технического перевода в
настоящее время имеет большое значение, поэтому в статье обозначены
типичные трудности, с которыми сталкивается переводчик. Также
даются рекомендации по техническому переводу.
Ключевые
слова:
адекватность,
технические
тексты,
вариативность перевода, трудности, концепция, технические термины,
проблемы перевода, цели.
Translation is one of the oldest occupations of man. To translate means to
express correctly. Different warehouses of thinking, different literature, different
epochs and different levels of development collide in translation. Currently, the
translation of scientific and technical texts play an important role. The translator
should strive for the most adequate and equivalent translation, even if he is not a
native speaker of the translation language. The main feature of any technical
translation from any language to another is the need to translate documents very
accurately, to avoid distortion and inaccuracy, and to try to prevent the loss of
meaning. Consequently, this process has its own name
–
ensuring the adequacy of
the translation to the source material, where all the features and rules of the
language into which the text was translated must be observed. Very often, in
contracts for the provision of translation services, this aspect takes place and a lot
of attention is paid to it.
What is technical texts?
Technical texts are one of the most frequently encountered forms of writing
in modern society. They are a form of didactic language, or writing that is
designed to inform or to instruct readers. These texts extend across a broad
spectrum, ranging from directly worded emails to detailed manuals designed for
highly skilled professionals within specialized fields. Our lives are surrounded by
and embedded with technical texts. A technical text aims to educate its audience
about a particular topic, with the writing purposed to up-skill or raise a reader
’
s
level of knowledge about a subject. This is what makes technical texts different
from other forms of didactic language. Unlike poetry, technical texts must be
precise and easy to comprehend. They are built with short sentences and brief,
purposeful paragraphs. Technical writing also relies on the use of examples,
relevant anecdotes, and obvious structural components. These text features help
to highlight the research, data, and expert testimony which are commonly used to
strengthen technical texts. When it comes to technical language, it refers to the
specific terminology and jargon employed in a particular field or discipline. It is
the language and shared understandings constructed over time within that field.
It is typically dense with meaning and very specific.
Adequacy in translation. The concept of “translation adequacy” a priori
cannot have a definite model or rules that could be followed by a translator in the
process of work. From a theoretical point of view, the adequacy of the translation
“Arab tili globallashuv
davrida: innovatsion yondoshuvlar
va
o‘qitish metodikasi”
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman
456
is understood only as the correspondence of the translated document to the
source material and, if this correspondence is complete, then the translation of
the technical text is considered to be adequate to the source material. However,
there is a problem of achieving the adequacy of the translation, because
sometimes it is simply impossible to comply with all the norms and rules of the
language into which the translation is carried out, and sometimes the customer is
interested in the speed and cheapness of the work. Often, it all depends on the
customer, on his requirements, which can vary significantly and differ from each
other. The task of the translator is to satisfy the needs of the client and try to make
the customer turn to this translation agency again, thereby inspiring his
confidence. Therefore, before starting work, it is extremely important to
determine the goals and objectives of the work, to discuss all the details of the
translation being performed, then the translator will be able to do the work
efficiently and on time. It is necessary to implement such principles as the
accuracy of translation and interpretation of all terminology, preserve the
meaning of the macro themes and micro themes, as well as convey the general
tone of the document, and then the translator will be able to achieve full adequacy
of the technical translation. When redistributing content, the value of one word
can be redistributed into several words and vice versa. Perhaps this is a change in
the categorical affiliation of words, for example, instead of a substantive, a verb is
used, instead of an adjective, an adverb is used. The syntactic structure of the
sentence is also transformed, which can be expressed in a complete
reformulation. This method includes those cases in which the meaning of the
entire passage of the original as a whole is not transferred to the meaning of
certain elements of the source text. At this reception, apparently, it is necessary
to act as follows:
–
to understand the meaning of the original statement;
–
to disregard the concrete way of expressing this meaning;
–
retell it in your own words, observing all the norms of this functional style.
In many cases, the use of translational transformations is justified and
necessary, because often there are scientific and technical texts, parts and even
individual sentences of which are not amenable to literal translation, either
because of the peculiarities of constructions not characteristic of the Russian
language, or due to the presence in the text of certain not convertible turns,
expressions or term of the original text.
Conclusion. The basic requirement for the language of technical literature
is the precise presentation, description and explanation of the facts. There are
differences in translation of the English scientific and technical text. We also found
that there is a contradiction between the requirement of an exhaustive
transmission of the semantic content of the source text and the requirement of
observing the norms of the target language. Thus, the considered techniques help
to achieve equivalence and adequacy in translation. But at the same time, the
“Arab tili globallashuv davrida: innova
tsion yondoshuvlar
va
o‘qitish metodikasi”
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman
457
translator must translate from his native language to the FL or vice versa, only
then he will achieve complete equivalence, identity and adequacy.
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