Vol 10 Issue03, Feb2021 ISSN 2456
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5083
Page 138
Ways to develop speed in the back zones in 12-13-year-old volleyball players.
Prof. Z.B. Boltayev, Sh.N.Tuxtapulatov, Sh. J. Ochilov
Abstract.
This article focuses on the effectiveness of developing the speed of movement in
the back zones in 12-13-year-old volleyball players through non-standard relay game exercises
conducted in the form of competitions.
Keywords.
Children and adolescents Sports School, Research, volleyball, rapidity, movement,
sports, achievement, Rear zone, technical and tactical training.
I.
Introduction
.
In order to achieve high results in modern
volleyball competitions, the div of athletes
must be prepared for large-scale and very
heavy loads. [1] At the same time, in the
process of multi-year sports training, the
training exercises used by the athlete,
regardless of the stage of this training period,
should be in accordance with his functional
and physical capabilities in terms of load.
Otherwise, if a large amount of exercise is
given too much, the participants will
experience signs of stress. If you continue to
use such exercises, not only can you achieve
useful sports results, but it is also possible that
the participants will develop complications in
the div [2].
It is recommended to use physical,
technical, and tactical exercises in moderation
from the initial stage of training in a particular
sport to avoid such unpleasant consequences at
a high level of sportsmanship, ie in qualified,
older athletes. It is advisable to increase the
volume and intensity of training loads from
month to month, from year to year, not as a
"ladder", but as a "wave". Therefore, the fact
that every coach, especially BO`SM coaches,
organize their professional and pedagogical
activities on a scientific basis is one of the key
aspects of the problem of training talented
young athletes [3].
The problems of development of technical
and tactical elements in sports games by
leading specialists of the Republic of
Uzbekistan experienced foreign teachers,
many scientists have been solved in many
scientific and methodological literature. L.R.
Hayrapetyans (2006), AAPulatov (2012),
Sh.Kh.Isroilov (2014), Z.B.Boltaev (2019),
including foreign scientists VMZatsiorskiy
(1995), LPMatvyev (1997), VN Sokolov
(1999) , David Lavallee, John Kremer (2004),
Edmunds
J.,
Ntoumani
N
(2006),
V.Ya.Ignatova, AV Ignatiev A.A.Ignatev
(2015), Yu.D.Zheleznyak (2018) conducted
scientific research. At the same time, there is
insufficient evidence that exercises based on
certain
movement
characteristics
and
movement games affect children's physical
and functional fitness. [4]
The aim of the study:
was to study the
effectiveness of developing the speed of
movement in the back zones in 12-13-year-old
volleyball players using non-standard relay
game exercises in the form of competitions.
In the process of analyzing the literature,
the general and special laws of the
organization of in-class and out-of-class sports
activities, methods of special functional
features were studied. Preliminary and basic
pedagogical observations were made to
address the objectives of the study. The initial
observation was organized in two phases. In
the first stage, different speed qualities were
identified for students with different physical
fitness. In the second phase, the research
groups were given a comprehensive selection
of learning problems in each lesson, giving
students the knowledge they needed to engage
independently in physical education classes
and classes.
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In the course of the research, the content of
volleyball training at the BO`SM, which
specializes in sports and athletics, located at
the Olympic Reserve Training Center, primary
education groups provide students with the
necessary knowledge, skills, and competencies
to improve agility, and other indicators were
analyzed.
Based on these studies, the initial
preparation groups identified the initial data on
the basic speed qualities of the students. The
generalization and analysis of the obtained
information
allowed
to
formulate
the
methodology of pedagogical experience more
objectively. During the same period, research
objectives were identified, methods were
selected, and tested.
The issue of progressive formation of sports
skills and achievement of high sports results
emphasizes the need to organize the process of
physical training on a scientific basis. This
issue has been repeatedly proven not only
from a scientific-theoretical point of view but
also from a practical point of view by experts-
scientists and trainers. At the same time, not
enough attention is paid to the problems of
developing physical qualities from the initial
stage of preparation. Observations have shown
that the issues of shaping physical qualities in
accordance with the characteristics of the sport
are blindly implemented in the local BO`SMs.
There are cases when the exercises aimed at
developing
these
qualities
are
applied
superficially. In addition, most of the exercises
used in the training are standard, stereotyped.
Exercises do not always take into account the
physical and functional capabilities of the
participants. In this regard, didactic principles
and laws of application of loads are not
followed, especially in the development of
strength qualities (absolute strength, explosive
force, strength endurance). In particular, the
use of weights and weight training in strength
training exercises either exceeds the norm or
does not reach the norm. One of the main
reasons for this is that young coaches use
superficial exercises that assess the physical
and functional fitness of the participants in the
competition in this sport, or they are admitted
to the club without any competition. The
second reason is that developmental loads with
or without weights during the initial and
subsequent sessions are not comparable to the
physical and functional capabilities of the
trainee. In other words, downloads and user
access are not routinely monitored.
The third reason is that these young trainers
exceed the standard of most standard and
specialized weight training in their training.
The method of using non-standard, game or
relay exercises to develop weights and strength
without them is almost non-existent in
pedagogical activities, although it is not
introduced under control, although it is psycho
physiologically known that the power given in
the form of game-relay exercise arouses
children's emotional feelings, lifts the mood,
activates their motivational feelings. As a
result, the load of such exercises prevents the
development of symptoms of fatigue and stress
in the div prematurely. The effect of the
downloads
is
positive.
The
mentioned
scientific-theoretical factors allow choosing a
theme of this final qualifying work.
The aim of the study was to study the effect
of traditional (standard) and non-traditional
(non-standard-game-relay) strength training on
the quality of 12-year-old volleyball players
divided into control and experimental groups
using pedagogical research.
The control group worked on the basis of
the training program used in practice.
The following non-standard game-relay
strength
exercises
were
used
in
the
experimental group:
1.
The arms are bent and written on the
floor (ground), the legs are leaning on
a gymnastic bench, the div is in a
horizontal position with 6 active
signals. The one who does the most
exercises is the winner.
2.
The 6 participants are divided into
two teams and one person from each
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team is pulled to the equal on the
horizontal bar, then the next two
people, and so on. The team with the
most draws is the winner.
3.
(2) In the order of the exercise, only
the arms are bent on the bar.
4.
Two teams of 3 people line up at a
distance of 10 meters from each
other. At the signal, the team
members take 4 steps forward, lean
on their hands, take a horizontal
position and bend their arms once,
then return to their seats, then take 4
more steps and bend their arms twice.
. The more times a participant arrives
at the destination, the more times he
or she bends his or her hands and
writes. The exercise continues until
the
last
participant
remains.
Whichever team is the only one to
continue the exercise to the maximum
will be the winner?
5.
The game involves two teams. Team
1 participants sit less and carry Team
2 participants on their shoulders.
When the alarm goes off, they sit
down. The total maximum number of
seating is. Then the participants take
turns and start practicing the game.
Again, the total maximum number of
seating is. The team with the highest
total number of seats is the winner.
6.
This game exercise is similar to
Exercise 5. Team 1 participants place
Team
2
participants
on
their
shoulders, and when a signal is given,
Team 1 participants bend their legs
30 ° from the knees to maintain this
position for a maximum period of
time. It is the time of the participant
who has maintained this position to
the maximum. Then the team
members change and the exercise is
repeated. The team that keeps its legs
bent at 30 ° is the winner (the total
time of all participants is different).
7.
(5) Exercise is performed, only the
order of the game - which team will
sit the maximum number of times in
30 seconds. The total number of
seated participants per 30 seconds is
taken into account. The team that sits
multiple times in 30 seconds is the
winner.
8.
Team 1 participants carry Team 2
participants on their shoulders. At the
signal, the participants of the 1st team
go up and down the gymnastic bench
in a row. The number of ascents and
descents of each participant is taken
into account. Then the participants
will be exchanged. The number of
ups and downs will be taken into
account. The team with the highest
total number of ups and downs was
declared the winner.
9.
Exercises 1-8 are repeated for
participants with a 5 kg sand-filled
belt around their waists.
Exercises 1-4 mentioned above are
performed in the first exercise, exercises 5-
6 in the second exercise, and exercises 7-8
in the third exercise.
Exercises 1-4 will be performed in the
first session, 5-6 in the second, and 7-8 in
the third exercise, with a 5 kg sandbag tied
around the waist during the next training
week. In this way, the exchange of
exercises is carried out by the experimental
group for 6 months. 6 months is the
duration of the pedagogical experience.
The final effectiveness of this set of
exercises is assessed using the following
tests:
1. Pulling on a horizontal bar;
2. Folding hands in Bruce;
3. Bending and writing arms in a
horizontal position;
4. Sit with a load of 25 kg on your
shoulders.
The weight of the trainee is taken into
account when performing these tests. The
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experimental group consisted of 6 young
volleyball players weighing 40-45 kg. and
147-153 cm in height. The minimum and
maximum values of the results, as well as
their arithmetic mean are evaluated.
Knowing the qualities of strength from a
scientific and theoretical point of view and
applying them in the practice of training
young volleyball players is one of the key
issues of the training process.
The results of the pedagogical study
showed that the quality of strength in young
volleyball players belonging to the control
and experimental groups involved was
almost equally weak (Table 1).
Table 1
Individual
indicators
of
the
level
of
development of the quality of strength of
young volleyball players.
Control group - 6 Experimental group - 6.
T/R Inspectors
1
2
3
4
Control group
1.
Abduraximov
E.
4
6
7
5
2.
Xodjayev M. 7
7
8
4
3.
Zaripov G’.
6
7
6
6
4.
Ulugov H.
5
5
7
5
5.
Salimov A.
3
4
6
4
6.
Abidov Sh.
5
6
9
6
6,0 6,8 9,5 5,0
Experimental group
1.
Maxkamov S. 4
6
11 4
2.
Muqimov A.
6
7
9
4
3.
Janibekov V. 7
8
10 6
4.
Muxsimov O. 5
6
8
5
5.
Aripov A.
5
4
7
4
6.
Achilov E.
6
6
7
6
5,5 6,2 8,7 4,5
Note:
1. - Pulling on a horizontal bar;
2. - Bending and writing in Bruce;
3. - Bending and writing of horizontal lying
control arms;
4. - Sit with a load of 25 kg to the shoulders.
For example, in the control group, the
results of shooting on a horizontal bar were the
minimum and maximum on March 3-7. Bruce
arm bending-writing 4-7 times, horizontal
working arm bending-writing 6-9 times, 25 kg.
Sitting with the load on the shoulder was 4-6
times.
In the experimental group, the results were
almost the same. In particular, the mentioned
indicators are 4-7, respectively; 4-8; It was
around 7-11 and 4-6 times.
It can be seen that despite the small number
of participants in both groups, the spread of all
the indicators obtained is relatively large. This
situation shows that the quality of strength of
self-employed people, on the one hand, shows
their weakness, and on the other hand, they are
far from the same training in terms of strength.
For comparison, according to L.S. Dvorkin’s
results, weightlifters of the same age should
have a barbell pull more than 7 times, while
R.A. Roman’s results should be more than 10
times. In Brussels, handwriting should be up to
16 times.
Table 2
Development of strength quality in young
volleyball players
level (X).
Tests
Controlgr
oup
E
x
p
er
im
en
talg
ro
u
p
Turnstileshooting
6,0
5,5
Twisting hands in brushwood-
writing
6,8
6,2
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Bending-writing hands in a
horizontal lying position
9,5
8,7
25 kg put the load on the
shoulder
sitting-standing
5,0
4,5
If we look at the arithmetic mean of the
individual indicators obtained in the course of
our study, we can see that the quality of power
is weaker in practitioners.
The results of the study showed that before
the start of the experiment on the horizontal
bar was 6.4 times. In Brussels, the arm flexion
and extension exercise was 7.4 times and the
horizontal arm flexion exercise was 8.6 times.
After 6 months of traditional training, the pull-
ups on the horizontal bar increased by 7.2
times, the bending of the arms on the barbell
by 8.6 times, and the bending of the arms in
the horizontal position by 10.2 times.
Apparently, the strength of the muscles that
bend and stretch the arms has only increased
dramatically in half a year.
Table 3
Changes in hand strength in control and
experimental groups under the influence of
various meaningful exercises
T/
R
Tests
Guruh
B
ef
o
ree
x
p
er
ien
ce
After
experience
1.
Turnstile
shooting
CG
6,4
7,2
EG
6,2
12,6
2.
Twisting
hands in
brushwo
od-
writing
CG
7,4
8,6
EG
7,8
15,8
3.
Bending-
writing
hands in
a
CG
8,6
10,2
EG
9,0
18,2
horizonta
l position
It is well-known that volleyball is very
important
for
children,
especially
for
stretching the arm muscles. In this regard, the
test exercises performed on the bruise and in
the horizontal position are the objective
criteria for assessing the strength of these
muscles. In the control group, these test scores
focused on poorly developed muscle strength.
Test results performed on the beam and in the
horizontal position over a period of 6 months
showed an increase of only 1.2 and 1.6 times,
respectively, indicating that this type of
strength training exercise was rarely used in
traditional training.
The playful non-standard strength exercises
used in the experimental group prove to be
very effective. Thus, the results obtained
before the experiment in this group were
almost no different from those in the control
group (see Table 9). However, after 6 months
of experimentation, the pull-ups on the
horizontal bar increased by 6.4 times, the
bending of the arms on the barbell increased
by 8.0 times, and the bending of the arms in
the horizontal position increased by 9.2 times.
This demonstrates the effectiveness of the
experimental exercises used. The “25 kg sit-
up” test, which measures the strength of the
leg muscles, showed that the results of non-
standard strength exercises used in the form of
games were effective (diagram).
Increased leg strength in 6-month
training
sessions
in
control
and
experimental groups
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
А
Б
5,4
5,2
7,2
13,8
-
тажрибадан аввал. …
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In particular, if the leg strength in the
control group was 15 times higher than in the
sit-down test by putting 5,4 kg of load on the
shoulder before the experiment, then in the
experiment group this indicator was almost
indistinguishable, even the trick was less (5,2
times).
After 6 months of training, this indicator
increased in the control group up to 7.2 times,
in the experimental group up to 13.8 times.
Consequently, the matchless exercises non-
strength, which were used in the experimental
group for 6 months, demonstrated their
effectiveness.
The results obtained and their comparative
analysis showed that based on the scientific
and theoretical aspects (without weights) and
found that matchless non-standard exercises
performed
with
weights
are
extremely
effective in developing arm-leg strength. Such
classes, conducted for 6 months, significantly
increased the level of curiosity and activity in
children who were involved in the experience.
The results of our 6-month pedagogical
experiment on the development of strength
qualities in young volleyball players showed
that non-standard game-oriented exercises
form these qualities more effectively than
traditional standard exercises. If the arm and
leg muscles in the control and experimental
groups were almost indistinguishable before
the start of the study, after the end of the
pedagogical study it was observed that these
qualities were relatively progressive in young
volleyball players engaged in non-standard,
game exercises.
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Yu.D.,
Petrov
P.K.
Fundamentals of scientific and methodological
activities in physical culture and sports.
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“Academy”, 2002.
2.Pulatov A.A. The ability of young volleyball
players to improve speed and strength. Usubiy
Allanma. - T., 2008.
3. Ayrapetyants L.R., Pulatov A.A. Volleyball
Theory and Methodology // Textbook for
Higher Education Institutions. –T .: “Science
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