Функционирование головного мозга в условиях хронической недостаточности кровоснабжения само по себе является стрессорным фактором. В связи с этим можно предполагать, что при хронической ишемии головного мозга запускается комплекс адаптационных механизмов, направленных на приспособление к имеющимся условиям существования.
o date, there are many unexplored aspects in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment (CI) associated with COVID-19. It is as- sumed that many factors are involved in the development or deterioration of CI in patients who have undergone COVID-19. Such factors include the direct impact of viral infection on the nervous system, the systemic inflammatory reaction of the human body to the virus, cerebrovascular ischemia due to endothelial dysfunction or pronounced coagulopathy, ARDS in severe COVID-19, the use of artificial ventilation, drug sedation in ARDS, dysfunction of internal organs.
The absence of statistical correlation suggests that CI develops after COVID-19 as a neurological complication of the disease. A number of studies have reported impaired attention and executive functions, apathy. In this article, the authors paid special attention to the study of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia who had a coronavirus infection.
Цереброваскулярная патология является одной из самых частых коморбидных состояний у пациентов с COVID-19, обнаруживаясь приблизительно у 12% инфицированных [4]. Изучение коморбидных заболеваний среди летальных исходов COVID-19 показало, что из 2000 случаев у 228 пациентов имелась хроническая ишемия головного мозга (ХИГМ) [6].
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic disease with multiple defects of immune regulation. The prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus varies from 12.5 to 40 per 100000 populations, with predominance among women of reproductive age. Nervous system impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus occurs in 25 to 83% of cases of SLE and is associated with vasculopathy, thrombosis and hemorrhages, and direct damage to brain tissues with antibodies. The article presents a summary of clinical observation