The aim of the investigation was to study the pathomorphological changes in the structures of the myocardium in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We obtained autopsy materials for DCM cases at the Republican Center for Pathological Anatomy over the past 20 years (2010 2020), and also analyzed the autopsy protocols and medical history. Sudden development of heart failure of the right and left ventricles with DCM, cardialgia and angina pectoris; In some cases, with thromboembolism, cardiac arrhythmias were observed, often accompanied by ventricular fibrillation, ventricular extrasystoles and blockade of conduction. Histologically, the following types of pathological changes were observed in the myocardium and endocardium with DCM: excessive proliferation of interstitial connective tissue, the development of myxamatosis, and sometimes lipomatosis. The main changes characteristic of DKMP were muscle fiber dilatation, that is, thinning of muscle fibers, thinning, fragmentation and homogenization of cardiomyocytcs, disordered arrangement of nuclei, and deformation and degeneration due to changes in the environment.
Liver cirrhosis is associated with numerous cardiovascular disorders. They include increased heart function and lower blood pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance. In these patients, despite an increase in the work of the heart, systolic and diastolic function deteriorates in the framework of pharmacological, physiological and surgical stresses, as well as the electrical activity of the myocardium, most often in the form of lengthening the QT interval. These deviations are combined into the concept of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. It is believed that cirrhotic cardiomyopathy contributes to the cardiac dysfunction that is seen in patients with intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunts and liver transplants. Insufficient contractile function of the heart may play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome, which rapidly leads to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
Dilatational cardiomyopathy is a severe pathology in childhood, which requires careful study of clinical data and data from functional diagnostics methods (ECG, ECHO) at early stages of detection. This scientific study aimed to determine the clinical, functional features of dilated cardiomyopathy and nonreumatic myocarditis in
children. We examined 60 children with DCMP and 40 children with non-reumatic myocarditis aged from 2 months to 18 years, hospitalized in the cardioreumatology department of the Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center for Pediatrics of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy children.
The article is devoted to the problems of the development of Currently used antiretroviral therapy has made HIV infection a chronic controlled infection and has prolonged life and quality of life. However, any antiretroviral drug has side effects, although not on every patient and not always the same.
To assess the current state of the side effects problem of antiretroviral therapy in HIV - infected patients based on the analysis of literature data.
The following are data on the side effects of various groups of antiretroviral drugs used in the past and now, as well as some of their representatives. Antiretroviral drugs exhibit various side effects, in particular mitochondrial toxicity caused by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), causing a wide range of side effects such as lactic acidosis, hepatic steatosis, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, and possibly lipodystrophy syndrome. In general, integrase inhibitors are well tolerated and cause minimal drug interactions
The use of older antiretroviral drugs has been associated with a variety of side effects, which include lactic acidosis, hepatic steatosis, allergic reactions, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis and lipoatrophy.These side effects are less common with newer recommended ARVs. drugs. When treating, it is necessary to consider the likelihood of side effects and the possibility of their prevention.
В условиях нашего региона факторами риска рождения ребенка с ВПС являются кровнородственные браки, имеющие тенденцию к увеличению.
A clinical and immunological examination of 21 school children from 7 to 14 years old with dilated
cardiomyopathy (DCMP) was carried out. As a control, 20 practically healthy children of comparable age were examined. Significant changes in the studied parameters of the immune system were found in children with DCMP. A significant increase in the concentration of pro inflammatory (TNF-α and IL-18 increased by 4.2 and 3.0 times) cytokines was revealed. The number of expressing apoptosis antigen - CD95 + cells in peripheral blood rises 2.0 times.
Abstract. The study aimed to study the content of toxic and essential microelements in the hair of children with cardiomyopathy living in areas with different climatic and geographical conditions. 96 hair samples of children with cardiomyopathy living in different environmental conditions were examined. The research results showed that the problem of microelements is typical not only for the Aral Sea region but also for other regions: deficit and/or deficiency of 2 or more vital microelements is found in 96% of children with CMP. The frequency of trace elements in children in all regions was high in Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, He and Zn.
Children living in the Aral Sea region were characterized by excessive levels of manganese, bromine, and iodine; children living in relatively advantaged regions were characterized by reliably high levels of potassium, chlorine, and iodine.
Отравление суррогатами алкоголя как диагноз ставится, как правило, в неясных случаях, когда имеются трудности в определении причины тяжелого состояния пациента, особенно среди лиц, находящихся на улице и в общественных местах без сознания, а также страдающих алкогольной зависимостью. Следует при этом отметить, что в разделе острых отравлений наибольшее число случаев расхождения диагноза по основному заболеванию приходится именно на эту группу. Чаще всего заключительным клиническим или патологоанатомическим диагнозом является хроническая алкогольная интоксикация, закрытая черепномозговая травма, а также различные инфекционные, хирургические заболевания органов брюшной полости и пр.
This paper examines the level of electron microscopy of structural changes that develop in the myocardium as a result of dilated cardiomyopathy (DK.MP). A patient myocardial fragment from DKMP was prepared in a specific order for electron microscopy. The results show that DKMP cardiac-myocardial infarction is manifested by destructive changes in the circulatory and connective tissue, circulatory, edema, dystrophy, destruction submicroscopic structures. Dystrophy, atrophy, and destruction of organelles in the sarcoplasm of cardiomyocytcs led to the destruction of all organelles, including mitochondrial ultrastructure shrinkage, deformation and disintegration of crystals, vacuolation of the matrix, lipidization, and deposition of calcium salts. Myofibrils are characterized by deformation, tearing of sarcomeres, disordered arrangement of actin and myosin structures, separation from each other, in one of which only myosin, in the other actin is stored.