№ 2 (2025) Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Innovations

The fruits of the plant are widely used as a spice. Jam is made from its fruits. The plant is also of great importance in the dyeing industry. Its roots and bark are used to produce yellow dye for dyeing wool. The red color of the fruit is a good dye for dyeing woolen fabrics. In medicine, medicines made from the plant are used in diseases associated with inflammation of the gallbladder, as a pain reliever when there are stones in it. An alcoholic mixture prepared on the basis of the leaves of the plant, in addition to being a hemostatic and anti-inflammatory remedy, also constricts blood vessels, accelerates the pulse, increases bile secretion, and contracts the muscles of the uterus. Studies also confirm the effectiveness of the plant in reducing cholesterol, normalizing blood pressure, and improving digestion.

Der Artikel analysiert die Reformen, die im Bereich der Steigerung der sozialen Aktivität junger Menschen umgesetzt werden, und erörtert die Bedeutung dieser Prozesse.

This article is dedicated to the "Transportation Problem", one of the key areas of operations research and optimal control. It explores the theoretical foundations, mathematical models, and practical applications of this problem. The transportation problem is considered an optimal resource allocation problem and is widely applied in fields such as economics, logistics, and supply chain management. The article provides a detailed explanation of the main solution methods for the transportation problem, including the “Northwest Corner Method”, “Minimum Cost Method”, and “Potential Method”. The principles for determining the optimal solution using these methods are analyzed. Additionally, practical examples of the transportation problem’s application in real-world economics and logistics are presented, illustrating the efficiency and applicability of these methods. The research findings demonstrate that understanding and solving the transportation problem can help optimize logistics systems, minimize transportation costs, and improve resource utilization efficiency. This article serves as an important theoretical and practical guide for researchers, economists, and logistics specialists working with transportation problems.

This study examines the effectiveness of Marketing 4.0 in fostering sustainable entrepreneurship within the food production industry. With globalization and technological advancements reshaping the market landscape, the integration of digital channels in marketing presents both challenges and opportunities for businesses. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research highlights key strategies associated with Marketing 4.0, their implementation in food production, and the resultant impact on sustainability. The findings indicate that businesses employing Marketing 4.0 strategies not only improve their market performance but also contribute to sustainable practices, establishing a model for future growth and development.

This article analyzes the main functions of words and word combinations in the text structure from a linguistic point of view, highlights the functional functions of lexical, grammatical and stylistic means in the text, and expresses how they affect the integrity, consistency and semantic coherence of the text. Words, as the smallest but meaningfully independent units of the text, play an important role in the construction of the text. Also, word combinations serve to enrich the content of language units, clarify and give stylistic diversity to the text. During the study, the syntactic and semantic functions of words and word combinations are revealed based on real examples taken from the text. This article can be a useful scientific resource for researchers engaged in text linguistics, stylistics and applied linguistics.

The evaluation and assessment of language proficiency represent a complex yet essential dimension of language education. While the process demands meticulous planning and implementation, it plays a crucial role in shaping learners' academic trajectories. Traditionally regarded as fundamental elements of language acquisition, testing and evaluation serve not only as tools for measuring linguistic progress but also as mechanisms for enhancing student performance. Through systematic feedback and well-structured assessment practices, educators can foster meaningful learning outcomes and support the overall development of language competencies.

The article describes in detail the systematic analysis of the use of information technologies in the strengthening of financial control based on remote control and risk analysis of the use of budget funds, the stages of their implementation and possible problems.

This  article   explores   the   influence   of   the   internet   on learning    English    and    its    worldwide  spread,  as  well  as    the  role   of  English    language    in  the  emergence   of  the   internet.   Today,   English    is not   only    an  international  means  of  communication   but   also   as   a   leading language    in   digital   technologies,   science,   business   and   learning.  The article   also   discusses   the   challanges  and   benefits    of using    these   two  concepts-    English  and   internet – independently   in   daily   life.   Problems  such   as   language     barriers  in   internet     usage,  the   progress  of   local languages    online,   and  the negative   and   positive   aspects   of   Engish becoming    a   global   language  are  reviewed.

 The article highlights the role of information media in the process of cultural and political changes in Turkestan. Media played a crucial role in raising self-awareness, promoting enlightenment, and supporting independence movements among the peoples of Turkestan. Through the press, radio, and later television, the spread of science, literature, and political consciousness accelerated. This process clearly demonstrated the power of information during the colonial period and the Jadidist movement. The development of media contributed to the awakening, modernization, and preservation of the national identity of Turkestan society. This article analyzes historical processes in relation to the development of information and media.

The article presents experimental data on methods for isolating Bacillus thuringiensis bacterial strains from dead greenhouse aphids and soil, and on the use of different concentrations against greenhouse aphids that damage tomato plants.

This article examines the psychoemotional state of patients suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and evaluates the impact of lipid-lowering therapy with ezetimibe on their emotional well-being. The relationship between lipid metabolism disorders, systemic inflammation, and the development of depressive and anxiety symptoms is explored. Special attention is given to the therapeutic potential of ezetimibe in not only improving lipid profiles but also contributing to the stabilization of psychoemotional status in this vulnerable group. Clinical findings support the hypothesis that comprehensive lipid management is integral to both physical and psychological health outcomes in CHD and CKD patients.

This article analyzes the socio-economic processes that took place in Uzbekistan during World War II. The paper highlights the transformation of the economy towards a wartime footing, the mobilization of labor and material resources, and the impact of mass evacuations on the demographic and industrial structures. The article also examines the role of Uzbekistan in providing the Soviet Union with food, clothing, and military supplies, as well as the significant social changes resulting from wartime demands. It concludes that despite enormous hardships, Uzbekistan contributed substantially to the overall victory while simultaneously undergoing profound socio-economic transformations.

This article presents data where the parameters of the foot in children with scoliosis are studied. The study involved 200 children with scoliosis. Using the method of 3D computer photometry with graphoanalytic interpretation of the image and system analysis, anatomical parameters such as length, width, angle of the 1st and 5th fingers, heel angle were obtained. An automated complex for screening and express diagnostics of flat feet in children with scoliosis has been developed.

This article discusses the scientific and methodological foundations of working on educational tasks that develop visual comprehension skills in primary education.

Ideological immunity is the ability of individuals to think critically and resist ideologically. Increasing the ideological immunity of young students, that is, strengthening their ideological and psychological protection, is considered as one of the main issues in many universities and educational institutions today. In order to increase the ideological immunity of young people, it is necessary to implement the programs and policies developed by the government and state agencies.

This article presents a comprehensive theoretical exploration of proverbs in English and Uzbek from a linguocultural perspective. Proverbs are crystallized linguistic expressions of traditional knowledge and social norms that reflect both universal and culturally specific worldviews. By analyzing proverbs from these two distinct linguistic traditions, the article identifies the conceptual metaphors and cultural values embedded within them. The analysis is framed by theories of linguocultural competence, conceptual metaphor, and paremiology, highlighting how proverbs serve as valuable tools for understanding national identity, social structure, and cognitive perception of the world.

The use of paremiological units—commonly known as proverbs, sayings, or idiomatic expressions—holds significant importance in the realm of publicistic discourse, particularly in official statements. Paremiological units, due to their concise and often universally understood nature, serve as powerful rhetorical tools for communication. This article explores the reason and purpose of incorporating these linguistic elements into official and public statements, examining how they help shape meaning, persuade audiences, and enhance the effectiveness of messages.

This article analyzes the impact of inflation on the economy, its causes, and management methods. It deeply examines the negative effects of inflation on the country's economic stability, the living standards of the population, and the pressure on production. The role of monetary and fiscal policies in controlling inflation, the policies of the Central Bank, and explanations based on statistical and graphical analysis are discussed. The situation of Uzbekistan's economy is analyzed, and recommendations for effective management are provided. The article has practical significance for students, specialists, and economists.  

As is known, education is the process of transmitting information of certain social significance to the younger generation. In a preschool educational institution, it is carried out in the classroom, on walks, in games, in communication with parents, etc. One of the most ancient types of human activity - child rearing - has undergone significant changes during its centuries-old history of development, turning from an everyday process into a scientifically based complex of systematic interactions based on the results of creative and creative activity. In the process, it is necessary to learn how to manage the pedagogical process in a preschool educational institution in the conditions of the introduction of pedagogical technologies. Indeed, the initial stage of education is kindergarten, where the child receives moral lessons, gains experience in communicating with adults and peers, reveals his creative potential in the game, in teamwork, and acquires elementary skills in educational activities. We studied the management of the pedagogical process in a preschool educational institution in the context of the introduction of pedagogical technologies and developed a management model. The algorithm of management actions based on the created model of pedagogical process management unites the team of teachers, parents and children in a single educational space that ensures the age-appropriate development and emotional well-being of children. These processes were also studied in the article.

 this article highlights the theory and practice of using interactive techniques that allow students to activate cognitive activity and improve educational efficiency in the process of teaching biology educational science. The role of interactive technologies in the development of students ' knowledge and skills, their importance in increasing motivation, and their role in improving the quality of Education have also been discussed.

In the context of the rapid development of the digital economy of Uzbekistan, the importance of the humanities is increasing. In addition to technical skills, the market requires professionals with a deep understanding of the social, cultural, and ethical aspects of digital technologies. The article analyzes the impact of humanitarian disciplines on the training of personnel for the digital economy, provides statistical data and real examples. Educational initiatives and projects that form a new generation of specialists are considered. The findings prove that the sustainable development of the digital economy is possible only with the synergy of technologies and humanitarian knowledge.

 In the era of globalization and technological advancement, proficiency in foreign languages, particularly English, is crucial for engineers. This article explores the methodology for developing the linguistic competence of future engineers in the English language based on an integrative approach. The approach emphasizes combining linguistic skills with technical knowledge, enhancing both language and professional competence, which is essential for effective communication in international scientific and technical environments.

Gastroenteritis syndrome in HIV-infected patients remains a critical concern worldwide. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in this population can be caused by a broad range of opportunistic pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and fungi, often leading to severe, chronic, and life-threatening complications. Despite significant advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), morbidity and mortality associated with GI opportunistic infections (OIs) continue to pose substantial challenges, especially in resource-limited settings. Effective diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies are paramount for improving the quality of life and clinical outcomes in HIV-infected individuals.