ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 11 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
885
THE DIFFICULTIES OF TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH
Xudoyberdiyeva Nargiza Odil qizi
Termiz State University
Theory and practice of translation
+(998) 95-056-81-81
Rahmatullayeva Iroda Valijon qizi
Termiz State University
Theory and practice of translation
+(998) 99-203-8821
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10205236
Abstract.
This article deals with the problem of possible difficulties in translating from
English into Russian. It is shown that understanding the text is a skill that requires hard work. The
problems that may arise in the translation of texts are analyzed. Difficulties connected with
translation are classified and the characteristic of the selected problems of translation is given.
Some recommendations are given to help in translating English texts into Russian. The
interpreter should know and see the problems he can meet and be able to avoid them.
Key words:
translation, foreign texts, homonyms, grammar, vocabulary.
ТРУДНОСТИ ПЕРЕВОДА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА.
Аннотация.
B данной статье рассмотрена проблема возможных трудностей при
переводе с английского языка на русский. Показано, что понимание текста - это навык,
который требует упорного труда. Проанализированы проблемы, которые могут
возникнуть при переводе текстов. Классифицированы трудности, связанные с переводом
и дана характеристика выделенным проблемам перевода. Приведены некоторые
рекомендации, которые помогут при переводе английских текстов на русский язык.
Переводчик должен знать и видеть проблемы, с которыми он может встретиться
и уметь их избегать.
Ключевые слова:
перевод, иноязычные тексты, омонимы, грамматика, лексика.
Currently, many linguists note that an amazing thing is happening. A linguistic revolution
associated primarily with the scientific and technological revolution. Each word has its own
history, even those that appeared spontaneously [1, p. 11].
Words are the most vibrant part of language; they are connected with all spheres of human
society, politics, sports, technology, science and art, this is the area in which they formed to provide
the necessary connection for existence human activity. Understanding the origins of words is
powerful source of technical development of terminology [2, p. 8].
Most words in English are ambiguous with different interpretations; words can mean
different things in different contexts, especially concerning technical terms.
Translation is the communication of intentions, feelings and implicit messages without
compromising subtleties, features and inherent beauty of language. Translation means
simultaneous communication and poetry [2, p. 13].
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 11 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
886
Translators usually have to deal with six different problem areas in their work, be it the
translation of technical documents or assurance. These include lexical-semantic problems,
grammar, syntax, rhetoric, pragmatic and cultural issues.
1. Lexica-semantic problems can be solved by referring to dictionaries, glossaries,
terminology banks and experts. These issues include terminological alternatives, neologisms,
semantic gaps, contextual synonyms and antonyms (they affect polysemantic units: synonyms and
antonyms are aimed only at acceptance, which depends on the context, to determine which
meaning is correct), semantic contiguity (a matching procedure that works by defining semantic
features common to two or more terms) and lexical networks.
2. Grammar problems include, for example, issues of tense, aspectuality (appearance shows
how a process or state is represented, expressed by the verb in terms of its development, as opposed
to the tense itself), pronouns and whether an explicit subject pronoun follows or not.
3. Syntactic problems may arise due to syntactic parallels, direction of the passive voice,
focus (the point of view from which the history) or even rhetorical figures of speech such as
hyperbaton (inversion natural order of speech)) or anaphora (repetition of a word or segment at
the beginning lines or phrases).
4. Rhetorical problems involve identifying and reconstructing figures. thoughts
(comparison, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, oxymoron, paradox, etc.) and diction.
5. Pragmatic problems arise from differences in formal and informal ways of addressing
using “you”, as well as idiomatic phrases, sayings, irony, humor and sarcasm.
6. Cultural problems can arise due to differences between cultural references such as food
names, festivals and cultural connotations in general. The translator will use language localization
to correctly adapt the translation to the target culture. A very simple example – financial translation
that includes dates.
The table below shows some recommendations when translating English texts.
Table 1. Recommendations
№
Recommendations
1
Extensive reading aloud of English texts can help develop reading skills and
at the same time reduce the number of errors
2
Acquiring encyclopedic knowledge can form deep basic knowledge to
improve your translation abilities. Various genres such as novels, television series,
documentaries, songs, comics and academic articles are recommended in order to
expose their wide variety of linguistic usage, which in turn will allow you to
correctly interpret the text.
3
The use of dictionaries helps in translating texts in English. But we should
remember the different meanings that a word can have, and various parts of speech
that can influence propositional meaning.
4
Reading and writing develop linguistic awareness, which forces you to
constantly monitor your translation.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 11 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
887
The exclusivity of text conversion from Russian to English lies in the tangible difference
between the two languages. For good understanding the meaning of a foreign language text, it is
necessary not only to study individual complex cases, but also to gain systemic knowledge.
Polysemy viewed diachronically, historical change semantic structure of the word, leading
to new meanings, added to the already existing in the rearrangement of these meanings in its
semantic structure. Since semantic structure is never static, the relationship between diachronic
and synchronic assessment of individual meanings of the same word may be different in different
periods of the historical development of a language.
It is necessary to take into account the diversity of terminology when translating technical
texts correctly. Undoubtedly, engineers of a specific industries that speak the language can
translate technical texts better, because that they know the subject of translation. However,
knowledge of polysemantic terms will help you cope with the translation task.
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