INFORMATION ABOUT LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND TREATMENT OPTIONS

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INFORMATION ABOUT LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Vokhidov Dilshod Alikulovich

(Assistant of Samarkand State Medical University)

Absamatova Dilnura Baxodir qizi

(

Student of Samarkand State Medical University, 121 group of

pediatrics faculty).

Sharopova Saodat Ravshan qizi

(S

tudent of Samarkand State Medical University, 121 group of

pediatrics faculty).

Abdiyeva Sevinch Toshquvvat qizi

(Student of Samarkand State Medical University, 121 group of

pediatrics faculty).

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14230382

ARTICLE INFO

ABSTRACT

Qabul qilindi: 9-noyabr 2024 yil

Ma’qullandi: 19-noyabr 2024 yil

Nashr qilindi: 27-noyabr 2024 yil

In the treatment of liver cirrhosis, it is

important to eliminate the factors that cause it. If an

infection that caused liver cirrhosis is detected,

measures are taken to eliminate it. To prevent liver

cirrhosis, it is necessary to improve working and living

conditions, and to combat alcoholism.

KEY WORDS

rheumatoid arthritis, M2-

AMA, IgM serum, gastroscopy, CT,

pathogenesis, chronic cholestasis,

flatulence, liver radioisotope.

INTRODUCTION

Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) are detected in laboratory tests, the most typical of

which is M2-AMA, directed against the E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase, an increase in

the level of IgM in the serum. In addition, extrahepatic manifestations are mediated by

immunity - Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Sjogren's syndrome, fibrosing alveolitis, tubulointerstitial

nephritis, celiac disease, as well as those combined with rheumatic diseases - systemic

scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus.

LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY

Liver cirrhosis is a pathology in which normal cells are replaced by scar tissue. This leads to

the div not being able to function normally. Toxins and bile accumulate in the liver and

poison the entire div. In most cases, the disease is diagnosed in middle-aged men and

retirees.

Reasons:

The main causes of liver cirrhosis are hepatitis and alcohol abuse. The following may also play

a role in the development of the disease:

- autoimmune diseases;

- genetic diseases;

- chronic cholestasis (impaired bile secretion);

- obstruction of the hepatic veins.

Symptoms:

It is very important to detect this disease as early as possible. The symptoms of the disease in

the early stages are as follows:

- loss of appetite, weight loss;

- general upset, headache;

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- aching pain in the right hypochondrium or upper abdomen;

- enlarged spleen;

- changes in liver size (both sharp increase and decrease);

- sharp increase in abdominal cavity volume (due to fluid accumulation);

- belching, nausea, burning in the mouth, flatulence;

- urination disorders;

- enlarged blood vessels on the anterior abdominal wall;

- changes in skin tone around the navel (becomes bluish);

- appearance of red spots on the chest, back and shoulders;

- redness of the palms;

- in men: enlarged mammary glands, hair loss in the armpits and pubis, sexual dysfunction;

- in women: menstrual irregularities.

Gradually, a patient with liver cirrhosis develops jaundice, and the skin may itch.

Diagnostics:

Diagnostics are performed by specialized specialists: gastroenterologist and hepatologist.

After collecting complaints and visual examination, the patient is sent for examination:

- blood tests (biochemical, for hepatitis);

- ultrasound examination of abdominal organs;

- gastroscopy.

If necessary, additional studies are prescribed:

- radioisotope study of the liver;

- CT;

- liver biopsy.

Care:

Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely cure liver cirrhosis, but if the disease is detected

in the early stages, it can be slowed down. In advanced forms of liver cirrhosis, treatment is

aimed at eliminating symptoms and combating possible complications.

Treatment of liver cirrhosis is complex and includes:

- a special diet;

- antiviral drugs;

- hormonal agents (for autoimmune diseases);

- drugs that have a beneficial effect on liver cells;

plasmapheresis.

In severe cases, liver cirrhosis should be treated in a hospital.

In some cases, surgery is necessary:

- removal of fluid from the abdominal cavity (paracentesis);

- maneuver;

- liver transplant.

Prevention:

To prevent liver cirrhosis, it is necessary to:

- take care of your health;

- timely treatment of diseases that have a negative impact on the liver and lead to liver

cirrhosis;

- do not abuse alcohol.

Treatment of liver cirrhosis should be carried out only under the supervision of an

experienced specialist.

DISCUSSION

Over many months and years, the hepatocyte genome changes and a clone of pathologically

altered cells is created. As a result, an immune-inflammatory process develops.
The following stages of liver cirrhosis pathogenesis are distinguished:

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1. The action of etiologic factors: cytopathogenic action of viruses, immune mechanisms, the

action of hepatotoxic cytokines, chemokines, prooxidants, eicosanoids, acetaldehyde, iron,

lipid peroxidation products;
2. Activation of cell function. That is, which leads to excessive proliferation of connective

tissue in the perisinusoidal space and pericellular liver fibrosis;
3. Impaired blood supply to the liver parenchyma as a result of narrowing of the vascular

cavity with the development of sinusoid capillarization and ischemic necrosis of hepatocytes;
4. Cytolysis of hepatocytes, activation of immune mechanisms.
Based on the above, it is clear that when treating liver cirrhosis, it is important to eliminate

the causative factors.

CONCLUSION

In this article we want to warn people that cirrhosis of the liver can be caused by alcohol

consumption, and also to convey through the media that it is impossible to completely cure

the disease using pharmaceuticals for correction. Of course, this improves the patient's

condition, but cannot stop the progression of the disease. If the above treatment methods do

not help, a liver transplant is performed (transplantation).

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