No. 3 (2021) Archive

Возрастная  макулярная  дегенерация  (ВМД)  –  прогрессирующее заболевание,  характеризующееся  поражением  центральной  зоны  сетчатки, приводящее  к  слепоте  и  инвалидности,  являющееся  медико-социальной проблемой.  Поскольку  ВМД  является  хронически  текущим  заболеванием, установление  данного  диагноза  обусловливает  необходимость  пожизненной диспансеризации этой группы пациентов.

Was assessing both the effectiveness and safety of anesthetic management and optimizing postoperative anesthesia under conditions of multimodal anesthesia abdominal operations in children. The authors examined 61 children aged 1 to 14 years with abdominal operations (malformations, diseases, and abdominal organ injuries). To ensure anesthetic protection, patients underwent combined general anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl (induction) with inhalation of sevoflurane + propofol intra venous (maintenance) in combination with epidural blockade with bupivacaine. According to surgical intervention, the arrangement of perioperative analgesic protection provided a favorable correction of the hemodynamic status of patients, a decrease in inhalation anesthetic, promoted a smooth course of the postoperative period, a long painless period, an excellent psychoemotional background, and rapid postoperative recovery

In order to maintain and strengthen the health of the population in a pandemic, the following preventive measures are being taken to prevent the spread of coronavirus infections: specific, non-specific, with the help of medicines, as well as at medical enterprises, preventive measures aimed at eliminating coronavirus infection are being considered. To prevent infection of the population with coronovirus, vaccination is mandatory.

This article presents the results of a study of the hepatoprotective properties of the herbal drug darmonal in combination with phytin compounds in experimental animals (rats) with experimental hepatitis caused by SS14 intoxication. The obtained research results showed that darmonal in combination with phytin compounds increases the synthesis of total protein and normalizes the composition of protein fractions of blood serum. Both studied drugs have a high level of hepatotropic effect. The combination of darmonal and fitin-C was the most effective. According to this effect, they were superior to the hepatoprotective drug LIV-52.

Modern economic literature uses the concept of the tax burden at the macro level, i.e. calculation in relation to the volume of gross domestic product, and at the level of legal entities, i.e. calculation in relation to value added or income from the sale of products. products. In practice, the concept of the full tax rate is used. It is understood as the sum of all taxes levied on legal entities, or the tax burden of a legal entity is calculated based on the value added.

This article analyzes the tax burden at the macroeconomic level, which is an effective indicator of public tax policy, and discusses the impact of the tax burden on macroeconomic stability, the optimal distribution of the tax burden and the positive impact on economic growth. It also examines the dynamics of the tax burden in the economy, its impact on economic development, the impact of changes in the tax burden on the dynamics of tax rates and the number of taxpayers, and methods of calculating the tax burden at the macro level.

The article theoretically investigates the value of the tax burden in the economy, the problems of its determination, the different views of domestic and foreign scientists on determining the optimal level of the tax burden in the economy, formulates scientific conclusions and recommendations.

Determine the indicators of intraocular pressure (IOP) tonometry, taking into account the parameters of the central thickness of the cornea (CTC) in children with congenital infantile glaucoma (CIG). Clinical studies were conducted in the eye department of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute's clinic. A total of 14 patients (26 eyes) aged 3 to 10 years with a diagnosis of CG were examined. All patients underwent basic ophthalmologic examination prior to surgical and conservative treatment. In addition to basic methods, the axial length of the eyeball was determined, and the CTC was determined on an automatic non-contact tonometer - Reichert pachymeter (USA). An analysis of the data showed: IOP in 39% of cases was considered subnormal, after correction taking into account the CTC in 11% of cases, the IOP was high. This group (11% of cases) was composed of children with a “thin” cornea at the terminal stage of CIG and high myopia. The correct interpretation of IOP indicators will help in choosing an adequate treatment and monitoring the glaucoma process. The used indicator of the central nervous system has practical significance in the interpretation of tonometry according to Maklakov 5 gr.

Целью  исследования  явилось  клинико-функциональная  оценка комплексного лечения  глаукомной  оптической  нейропатии  с  введением  препарата танакан  в  виде эндоназального  электрофореза  в  сочетании  с электростимуляцией по  данным  ОСТ  и  ультразвукового  допплеровского  картирования.  Было обследовано  43  (74глаз)  больных  с  ГОН  возрасте  от  58  до  76  лет.  Результаты исследования  показали,  что  данный  метод  эффективно  задерживает  развитие атрофии  зрительного  нерва  и  наряду с улучшением  зрительных  функций  удлиняет положительный  эффект  основного  лечения,  что  нашло  свое  подтверждение  в достоверном  улучшении  гемодинамических  показателей  по  данным ультразвукового допплеровского исследования.

Актуальность темы:  Противовоспалительная терапия является основой лечения пациентов с воспалительными  заболеваниями  глаз. Хотя  глюкокортикостероиды  (ГКС)  демонстрируют мощный  противовоспалительный  и  противоаллергический  эффект,  лечение  ГКС  связано  с риском  серьезных  побочных  эффектов. Нестероидные  противовоспалительные  агенты  (НПВП) обладают несколько более низкой противовоспалительной активностью по сравнению с ГКС, и их разработка и внедрение в клиническую офтальмологическую практику кажутся разумными. Цель:  оценить  эффективность  0,5%  бензкетозоновой  мази,  нового  местного  глазного препарата,  производимого  в  Узбекистане,  при  лечении  инфекционного  конъюнктивита  и блефарита. Материалы и методы.  В исследование был включен 131 пациент (175 глаз; 64 мужчины и 67 женщин)  для  оценки  эффективности  лечения  воспалительных  заболеваний  глаз  0,5% бензкетозоновой  мазью  (Свидетельство  №06-07). Пациенты  контрольной  группы  получали традиционную  терапию,  в  то  время  как  пациенты  опытной  группы  получали  0,5% бензкетозоновую мазь в дополнение к традиционной терапии. Для контроля терапевтического эффекта использовалась модифицированная методика импрессивной цитологии.  Результаты:  модифицированная  импрессионная  цитология  показала,  что  включение бензкетозоновой  мази  в  традиционное  лечение  конъюнктивита  или  блефарита  привело  к значительному снижению экссудации и пролиферации клеток, что проявлялось в уменьшении количества базофилов и эозинофилов, восстановлении структуры эпителиальных клеток и более ранняя  нормализация  средних  значений  нуклеоцитоплазматического  соотношения  и  более раннее снижение тканевого и белкового детрита в конъюнктивальных образцах опытной группы по сравнению с контролем. Заключение.  Модифицированная  импрессионная  цитология  показала,  что  включение бензкетозоновой  мази  в  традиционное  лечение  конъюнктивита  или  блефарита  улучшило регенеративную активность, метаболические процессы и симптомы глазного воспаления.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading medical and social problems worldwide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of drug prevention in patients with early-stage AMD luteinzeaxanthin containing vitamin and mineral complex. The clinical study included 50 patients of the main group who took lutein-zeaxanthin containing a vitamin and mineral complex 1 capsule 1 time a day for 3 months 2 times a year, for 3 consecutive years, and 50 patients of the control group who did not receive drug therapy. In the main group of patients, there was an increase in visual acuity, an improvement in indicators according to OCT data, and an improvement in the subjective perception of their own visual functions. At the same time, the patients of the control group had a deterioration in visual acuity, the progression of the disease according to OCT, which was manifested by the transition to the next stage of AMD. Conclusion: drug therapy of early-stage AMD has a preventive effect on the progression of the pathological process in the macular zone.

Проводя  ретроспективный  анализ,  можно  подытожить,  что  пандемия оказала  существенное  влияние  не  только  на  здравоохранение,  но  и  на экономику,  финансы,  производство,  транспорт  и  другие  важнейшие  сферы народного  хозяйства.  В  сложившейся  ситуации  актуальной  стала  тема недостаточности финансирования системы здравоохранения. Средства нашлись и  на  строительство  новых  больниц,  и  на  обеспечение  заболевших коронавирусной инфекцией необходимыми - и недешевыми - лекарствами, и на доплаты  медицинским  работникам,  работающим  в  "красной"  зоне.  Но одновременно  пришлось  на  время  снизить  объемы  плановой  медицинской помощи, диспансеризации, профилактических программ. В существенной мере пострадала  доступность  медицинской  помощи.  Офтальмология,  которая  без преувеличения  является  одной  из  наиболее  высокотехнологичных  отраслей здравоохранения,  также  оказалась  под  ударом.  Необходимо  отметить,  что заболевания  глаз  обычно  не  создают  угрозы  жизни  пациента,  однако  могут кардинально  снижать  ее  качество.  Во  время  периода  самоизоляции  общество как раз столкнулось с проблемой доступности оказания плановой медицинской помощи, в том числе офтальмологической.   

In the complex treatment of inflammatory eye diseases, anti-inflammatory therapy takes the leading place. The use of glucocortico steroids, which have powerful anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects, carries the risk of serious side effects. Therefore, it was quite logical to develop  and  introduce  into  ophthalmological  practice  non-steroidal  anti-inflammatory  drugs, which  are only  slightly  inferior  to  them  in  their  anti-inflammatory  activity.  On  the  basis  of  a cytological analysis of the state of the conjunctiva, to assess the effectiveness of a new domestic ophthalmic drug "0.5% benzketozone ointment" in the treatment of conjunctivitis and blepharitis of infectious etiology. Materials and methods. To assess the effectiveness of 0.5% benzketozone ophthalmic ointment (Registration certificate No. 06-07.), A study was carried out on 134 (218 eyes) patients. In the control  group,  patients  received  traditional  treatment,  in  the  main  group,  0.5%  benzketozone ointment was additionally prescribed to the traditional treatment. Cytological examination was carried out by the method of modified impression cytology. Results. The data of modified impression cytology showed that the inclusion of benzketozone ointment  in  the  traditional  treatment  significantly  reduces  the  phenomena  of  exudation  and proliferation, which at the subcellular level is manifested by a decrease in the number of basophils and eosinophils, restoration of the structure of epithelial cells and normalization of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio at an earlier time than in control groups, a faster decrease in the preparations of protein and tissue detritus. Conclusion. The inclusion of benzketozone eye ointment in the complex of traditional therapy increases  regenerative  activity,  improves  metabolic  processes  and  alleviates  the  symptoms  of inflammatory eye lesions

Effective decompression of the cyst, which is achieved by creating a "window" in the bone cavity,  allows  not  only  sanitizing  the  cyst  cavity  with  antiseptic  solutions,  but  also  obtaining  the necessary histological material (bone material and cyst shell) for further research. Subsequent filling of the bone cavity defect with newly formed bone tissue occurs as a result of secondary osteogenesis.

This article presents a clinical case of the treatment of a mandibular radicular cyst from 3.6 teeth by creating a decompression "window", which allows the cyst volume to be reduced up to complete restoration  of the  bone structure  as  well  as  ensuring  the  integrity  of  the  surrounding  anatomical structures.  The  subsequent  filling  of  the  cavity  with  newly  formed  bone  is  due  to  secondary osteogenesis. This operation can be performed on an outpatient basis in a dental surgery room under local anesthesia

In  peacetime,  non-firearms  of  the  lower  jaw are usually observed. They arise as a result of resection or disarticulation of the jaw (in connection with a benign or malignant  tumor),  its  elongation  in  the  elimination  of underdevelopment,  after  suffering  osteomyelitis  or  overly extensive  and  uneconomical  sequestrectomy,  after  an accidental trauma, etc. [6,9]. Among the many reasons that lead  to  the  occurrence  of  defects  in  this  localization, oncological pathology takes the first place, with malignant tumors accounting for up to 16% of cases, benign ones - up to 42.9% [10, 11, 12]. Traumatic injuries, gunshot and non-gunshot  wounds  of  the  maxillofacial  region,  leading  to defects of the lower jaw of various lengths, occur in 28.5% of cases [7].

Echoosteometry is highly sensitive to changes in the mineral saturation of bone tissue, therefore, it allows you to obtain objective information about the inflammatory process  in  a  specific  area  of  the  bone.  In  patients  with odontogenic  osteitis,  the  ultrasound  speed  of  a  relatively healthy  symmetrical  side  decreases  in  children  by  15.8%, in  adults  by  10.7%,  and  in  children  the  decrease  in  the speed of ultrasound propagation is more significant than in adults.

The article discusses the structural features of military terms used in the English and Uzbek languages. Military terms were divided into groups according to military types, general staff, general tactical, military topographic, military ranks and military organizational activities. As a result of the analysis of the collected research materials, it was determined that the methods of affixation, transformation and composition arc the most effective in the formation of English and Uzbek military terms. In addition, in order to find out to which groups of words the total number of military terms in the English and Uzbek languages belongs, the terms were classified according to the criteria of the linguistic-statistical method. At the same time, structural models associated with derivational elements of existing abbreviations in modem English and Uzbek military terminology were considered.